Poplar Bud () Extraction and Chinese Propolis Counteract Oxidative Stress in via Insulin/IGF-1 Signaling Pathway.

Poplar buds are characterized by a high content of phenolic compounds, which exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activities. However, the relationship between Chinese propolis and poplar buds based on their antioxidant capacities and underlying mechanisms remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant properties of poplar bud () extract (PBE) and Chinese propolis (CP) and to elucidate the mechanisms behind their activity.

Serine synthesis controls mitochondrial biogenesis in macrophages.

Mitochondrial dysfunction is the pivotal driving factor of multiple inflammatory diseases, and targeting mitochondrial biogenesis represents an efficacious approach to ameliorate such dysfunction in inflammatory diseases. Here, we demonstrated that phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) deficiency promotes mitochondrial biogenesis in inflammatory macrophages. Mechanistically, PHGDH deficiency boosts mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) by suppressing cytoplasmic glutathione synthesis.

[Multi-index evaluation of different parts of Amomum villosum].

To investigate the quality differences between the seeds and husks of Amomum villosum and explore the rationality of using the seeds without husks, this study determined the content of protocatechuic acid, vanillic acid, epicatechin, quercitrin, volatile oil, water extract, and ethanol extract. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS), and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities were determined to evaluate the antioxidant activities of seeds and husks. The quality differences between the seeds and husks were assessed through orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA) and analytic hierarchy process(AHP) combined with the entropy weight method(EWM).

Bacterial cellulose/multi-walled carbon nanotube composite films for moist-electric energy harvesting.

Generation of renewable and clean electricity energy from ubiquitous moisture for the power supply of portable electronic devices has become one of the most promising energy collection methods. However, the modest electrical output and transient power supply characteristics of existing moist-electric generator (MEG) severely limit its commercial application, leading to an urgent demand of developing a MEG with high electrical output and continuous power generation capacity. In this work, it is demonstrated that a flexible bacterial cellulose (BC)/Multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) double-layer (BM-dl) film prepared by vacuum filtration can maintain the moisture concentration difference in the film MEG.

Serine synthesis sustains macrophage IL-1β production via NAD-dependent protein acetylation.

Serine metabolism is involved in the fate decisions of immune cells; however, whether and how de novo serine synthesis shapes innate immune cell function remain unknown. Here, we first demonstrated that inflammatory macrophages have high expression of phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH, the rate-limiting enzyme of de novo serine synthesis) via nuclear factor κB signaling. Notably, the pharmacological inhibition or genetic modulation of PHGDH limits macrophage interleukin (IL)-1β production through NAD accumulation and subsequent NAD-dependent SIRT1 and SIRT3 expression and activity.

Bonus-based mercenary punishment promotes cooperation in public goods games.

Various regions often adopt punish strategies to solve traffic congestion problems. Punishing defectors is an effective strategy to solve the first-order free-rider problem in a public goods game. But this behavior is costly because the punisher is often also involved in the original joint venture and therefore vulnerable, which jeopardizes the effectiveness of this incentive.

FGF3 Directs the Pathfinding of Prethalamic GABAergic Axons.

The thalamus plays a crucial role in ensuring the faithful transfer of sensory information, except olfactory signals, to corresponding cortical areas. However, thalamic function is not simply restricted to relaying information to and from the cerebral cortex. The ability to modulate the flow of sensory information is supported by a second abundant neuronal type in the prethalamus, the inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABAergic) neurons, which project inhibitory GABAergic axons to dorsal thalamic glutamatergic neurons.

Dietary trace mineral pattern influences gut microbiota and intestinal health of broilers.

Dietary trace minerals can impact gut flora, which can further affect intestinal health. However, the dietary balance pattern of trace minerals for the intestinal health of broilers needs to be explored. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of the dietary pattern of Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Se on the intestinal morphology, microbiota, short-chain fatty acid concentrations, antioxidant status, and the expression of tight junction proteins in broilers.

GABA signaling enforces intestinal germinal center B cell differentiation.

Recent compelling results indicate possible links between neurotransmitters, intestinal mucosal IgA B cell responses, and immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) pathogenesis. Here, we demonstrated that γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) transporter-2 (GAT-2) deficiency induces intestinal germinal center (GC) B cell differentiation and worsens the symptoms of IgAN in a mouse model. Mechanistically, GAT-2 deficiency enhances GC B cell differentiation through activation of GABA-mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling.

Associations of physical activity, sedentary behavior and sleep duration with anxiety symptoms during pregnancy: An isotemporal substitution model.

Background: Studies have evidenced the close relationships between movement behavior [physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB), and sleep duration)] and anxiety. Capturing 24 h of these maternal movement behaviors during pregnancy is necessary to understand their relationships.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study design, a total of 946 prenatal women filled Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire-Chinese version, Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire, and 7-item Generalised Anxiety Disorders scale between May 2020 and April 2021.

A Particle Swarm Algorithm Based on a Multi-Stage Search Strategy.

Particle swarm optimization (PSO) has the disadvantages of easily getting trapped in local optima and a low search accuracy. Scores of approaches have been used to improve the diversity, search accuracy, and results of PSO, but the balance between exploration and exploitation remains sub-optimal. Many scholars have divided the population into multiple sub-populations with the aim of managing it in space.

Trust-based partner switching among partitioned regions promotes cooperation in public goods game.

In this paper, the coevolution mechanism of trust-based partner switching among partitioned regions on an adaptive network is studied. We investigate a low-information approach to building trust and cooperation in public goods games. Unlike reputation, trust scores are only given to players by those with whom they have a relationship in the game, depending on the game they play together.

A Diversity Model Based on Dimension Entropy and Its Application to Swarm Intelligence Algorithm.

The swarm intelligence algorithm has become an important method to solve optimization problems because of its excellent self-organization, self-adaptation, and self-learning characteristics. However, when a traditional swarm intelligence algorithm faces high and complex multi-peak problems, population diversity is quickly lost, which leads to the premature convergence of the algorithm. In order to solve this problem, dimension entropy is proposed as a measure of population diversity, and a diversity control mechanism is proposed to guide the updating of the swarm intelligence algorithm.

Effectiveness of Smartphone-Based Mindfulness Training on Maternal Perinatal Depression: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Despite potential for benefit, mindfulness remains an emergent area in perinatal mental health care, and evidence of smartphone-based mindfulness training for perinatal depression is especially limited.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a smartphone-based mindfulness training intervention during pregnancy on perinatal depression and other mental health problems with a randomized controlled design.

Methods: Pregnant adult women who were potentially at risk of perinatal depression were recruited from an obstetrics clinic and randomized to a self-guided 8-week smartphone-based mindfulness training during pregnancy group or attention control group.

Co-Evolution of Complex Network Public Goods Game under the Edges Rules.

The reconnection of broken edges is an effective way to avoid drawback for the commons in past studies. Inspired by this, we proposed a public goods game model under the edges rules, where we evaluate the weight of edges by their nodes' payoff. The results proved that the game obtains a larger range of cooperation with a small gain factor by this proposed model by consulting Monte Carlo simulations (MCS) and real experiments.

In silico prediction of mitochondrial toxicity by using GA-CG-SVM approach.

Drug-induced mitochondrial toxicity has become one of the key reasons for which some drugs fail to enter market or are withdrawn from market. Thus early identification of new chemical entities that injure mitochondrial function grows to be very necessary to produce safer drugs and directly reduce attrition rate in later stages of drug development. In this study, support vector machine (SVM) method combined with genetic algorithm (GA) for feature selection and conjugate gradient method (CG) for parameter optimization (GA-CG-SVM), has been employed to develop prediction model of mitochondrial toxicity.