Publications by authors named "Qingyan Lv"
Bioresour Technol
December 2024
Article Synopsis
- Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are biodegradable plastics that can be produced through a mixed culture-based process, but ammonia nitrogen can hinder this production.
- This study explores ways to efficiently reuse ammonia nitrogen to enhance PHA synthesis and reduce waste.
- Results showed a significant increase in PHA production when using specific substrate and process conditions, while also effectively recycling ammonia without negatively affecting the mixed culture's properties.
Bioresour Technol
December 2024
Article Synopsis
- The study investigated how alkaline fermentation of lipid-rich waste can increase the production of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) by using sulfate to enhance the metabolic pathways for long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs).
- The results showed a significant increase in VFA yield (671.1 mg COD/g VSS), particularly under high lipid conditions, with effective conversion of LCFAs like oleic and linolenic acids through the β-oxidation pathway.
- The research also identified key genes and microbial groups involved in this process, suggesting new strategies for improving recycling of lipid waste and VFA production in anaerobic systems.
Article Synopsis
- The rise of antibiotic resistance in bacteria is a serious global health issue, outpacing efforts to develop new treatments.
- The misuse of broad-spectrum antibiotics worsens this problem and disrupts the beneficial gut microbiota, highlighting the need for urgent, innovative therapies.
- Recent advancements in targeted therapies, such as narrow-spectrum antibiotics, engineered probiotics, and CRISPR-Cas9 technology, show promise, but require careful evaluation of their benefits and challenges to effectively combat resistance.
Article Synopsis
- Researchers have successfully used CRISPR/Cas9 technology to create genetically modified rabbits lacking the myostatin (MSTN) gene, which normally inhibits muscle growth.
- The resulting MSTN knockout rabbits exhibited a "double muscle" phenotype, characterized by increased muscle fiber size and number, a typical result of myostatin disruption.
- The mutation appears to be heritable, as similar muscular traits were observed in the F1 generation, making these rabbits valuable for studying muscle development and associated diseases.
Article Synopsis
- Cataracts are the main cause of vision loss globally, but surgery can restore sight.
- A new cataract model was developed in rabbits by knocking out the GJA8 gene, which is important for lens health.
- This model, showing high gene editing efficiency and resulting in cataracts, will facilitate research for cataract drug screening and prevention.
Article Synopsis
- Tandem repeats are linked to human genetic diseases and can affect genome variation and stability.
- Researchers explored using CRISPR/Cas9 to create large deletions of tandem repeats, leveraging its off-target effects.
- The study successfully demonstrated that significant deletions in specific genes (MAGEL2 and XIST) can be achieved, paving the way for future research on tandem repeats.
Cell Mol Life Sci
August 2016
Article Synopsis
- The CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system is commonly used to modify genes in various organisms, but previous methods often resulted in multiple mutations within targeted genes.
- In this study, researchers created a significant 105 kb deletion in the TYR gene of rabbits using a dual sgRNA approach, which led to albino rabbits with reduced TYR expression.
- The deletion caused by this method was successfully passed on to the next generation without causing unintended mutations, indicating that it is a reliable approach for large genetic modifications.
Article Synopsis
- XIST is a long non-coding RNA that is specifically expressed from the inactive X chromosome and has been associated with X chromosome inactivation (X-inactivation).
- The study used a CRISPR/Cas9 system to delete the D-repeat region of XIST to investigate its role in X-inactivation, finding that this deletion significantly reduced XIST expression and increased the expression of X-linked genes.
- These findings suggest that the D-repeat region is crucial for regulating XIST expression and silencing X-linked genes, offering new insights into the molecular mechanisms of X-inactivation.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to investigate whether genomic imprinting in donor cells is affected during somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) by producing cloned pigs using two types of donor cells: PEF (porcine embryonic fibroblast) and P-PEF (parthenogenetic PEF).
- Researchers compared gene expression and methylation patterns of specific imprinted genes (H19, IGF2, NNAT, and MEST) between the original donor cells and their cloned counterparts.
- The findings indicated that there were no significant differences in the expression of imprinted genes or in the overall genomic imprinting between the donor cells and the cloned cells.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the genomic imprinting of the gene Neuronatin (Nnat) in rabbits, a topic that has been less explored compared to other species.
- Two isoforms of the rabbit Nnat gene were confirmed through quantitative real-time PCR, indicating the presence of these transcripts in the species.
- The research also revealed a unique methylation pattern in the CpG island of the Nnat promoter region, which shows oocyte-specific methylation, suggesting it may function as a differentially methylated region in rabbits.
Article Synopsis
- The study focuses on the role of the MEST gene, an important maternally imprinted gene, in the development of parthenogenetic fetuses in pigs, highlighting its significance in embryonic growth and potential links to cancer.
- Researchers identified three isoforms of porcine MEST and examined their mRNA expression and methylation levels in both parthenogenetic and control fetuses using advanced genetic analysis techniques.
- Findings revealed that while MEST-1A and MEST-1B were expressed similarly in both groups, MEST-1C showed no expression in parthenogenetic fetuses, suggesting that its differential methylation may play a critical role in developmental issues associated with abnormal gene imprinting.
Article Synopsis
- Aberrant expression of imprinted genes, like NNAT, may contribute to growth issues in pig parthenogenesis.
- In comparison to normally fertilized embryos, parthenogenetic embryos show a significant loss of NNAT expression and hypermethylation of its promoter.
- The study indicates that hypermethylation of the NNAT promoter could be linked to developmental failure in early stages of pig parthenogenesis.
