NLRC4 methylation and its response to intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in Kawasaki disease: a case control study.

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis accompanied by many systemic physiological and biochemical changes. Elucidating its molecular mechanisms is crucial for diagnosing and developing effective treatments. NLR Family CARD Domain Containing 4 (NLRC4) encodes the key components of inflammasomes that function as pattern recognition receptors.

Circulating plasma and exosome levels of the miR-320 family as a non-invasive biomarker for methamphetamine use disorder.

The neurobiological mechanism underlying methamphetamine (MA) use disorder was still unclear, and no specific biomarker exists for clinical diagnosis of this disorder. Recent studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the pathological process of MA addiction. The purpose of this study was to identify novel miRNAs for the diagnosis biomarkers of MA user disorder.

Differential expression profiling of tRNA-Derived small RNAs and their potential roles in methamphetamine self-administered rats.

Transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are a novel class of short, non-coding RNAs that are closely associated with the pathogenesis of various diseases. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated their critical functional roles as regulatory factors in gene expression regulation, protein translation regulation, regulation of various cellular activities, immune mediation, and response to stress. However, the underlying mechanisms by which tRFs & tiRNAs affect methamphetamine-induced pathophysiological processes are largely unknown.

Association of GABA receptor delta subunit gene variations with increased risk of methamphetamine dependence.

Objective: Evidence reveals that γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors are involved in the development of methamphetamine (METH) dependence. The GABA receptor delta subunit gene (GABRD) might be a good candidate gene for METH dependence. In a case-control study, we investigated the association between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in GABRD and METH dependence in a Chinese Han population.

Association between rs1799971 in the mu opioid receptor gene and methadone maintenance treatment response.

Objective: Genetic variations can affect individual response to methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) for heroin addiction. The A118G variant (rs1799971) in the mu opioid receptor gene (OPRM1) is a potential candidate single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) for personalized MMT. This study determined whether rs1799971 is related to MMT response or dose.

Association study of genetic polymorphisms in with treatment response and dose in methadone maintenance treatment.

This study determined if gene variants in the GABA receptor delta subunit () are associated with treatment response and dose in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) for heroin addiction.  A total of 286 MMT patients were recruited and divided into response and nonresponse groups based on retention time in therapy. A total of 177 responders were classified into low dose and high dose subgroups according to the stabilized methadone dose.

Role of nucleus accumbens microRNA-181a and MeCP2 in incubation of heroin craving in male rats.

Rationale: Epigenetic regulation has been implicated in the incubation of drug craving (the time-dependent increase in drug seeking after prolonged withdrawal from drug self-administration). There is little information available on the role of microRNAs in incubation of heroin craving.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the roles and mechanisms of miR-181a and methyl CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) in incubation of heroin seeking.

Association between GABA receptor delta subunit gene polymorphisms and heroin addiction.

Evidence suggests that γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors are involved in the development of drug dependence. Considering its exclusively extrasynaptic localization, GABA receptor delta subunit (GABRD) is likely involved in heroin addiction. The purpose of this study was to explore the association between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of GABRD and heroin addiction.

Akt and its phosphorylation in nucleus accumbens mediate heroin-seeking behavior induced by cues in rats.

Akt is initially identified as one of the downstream targets of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) and is involved in morphine reward and tolerance. However, whether phospholyration of Akt (p-Akt) mediates heroin relapse remains unclear. Here, we aimed to explore the role of p-Akt in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) in cue-induced heroin-seeking behaviors after withdrawal.

Role of GABRD Gene Methylation in the Nucleus Accumbens in Heroin-Seeking Behavior in Rats.

Epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation play important roles in regulating gene expression and may mediate neuroplasticity and lead to drug-induced aberrant behaviors. Although several brain regions and neurobiological mechanisms have been suggested to be involved in these processes, there is remarkably little known about the effects of DNA methylation on heroin-seeking behavior. Using a Sprague-Dawley rat model, we show that heroin self-administration resulted in gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit delta (GABRD) gene hypomethylation, which was associated with transcriptional upregulation of GABRD in the nucleus accumbens (NAc).

Somatically acquired mutations in primary myelofibrosis: A case report and meta-analysis.

Familial myeloproliferative disease (MPD) cases account for 7.6% of the global MPD cases. The present study reported 2 cases of primary myelofibrosis (PMF).

Increased expression of plasma hsa-miR-181a in male patients with heroin addiction use disorder.

Background: Drug addiction is an uncontrolled, chronic, and recurrent encephalopathy that presently lacks specific and characteristic biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment. As regulators of gene expression, microRNAs (miRNAs) are increasingly used for diagnostic and prognostic purposes in various disease states. Previous studies indicated that miRNAs play important roles in the development and progression of drug addictions, including addiction to methamphetamine, cocaine, alcohol, and heroin.

Histone 3 lysine 9 acetylation of BRG1 in the medial prefrontal cortex is associated with heroin self‑administration in rats.

Heroin addiction is a chronic relapsing brain disorder with negative social consequences. Histone acetylation serves a role in drug‑induced behavior and neuroplasticity impairment. Brahma/SWI2‑related gene‑1 (BRG1) participates in cerebellar development, embryogenesis and transcriptional regulation of neuronal genes concurrent with histone modifications.

Hypermethylation of protocadherin γ subfamily A12 and solute carrier family 19 A 1 promoters contributes to the occurrence and metastasis of colorectal cancer.

The development of colorectal cancer (CRC) involves genetic and epigenetic modifications, and aberrant DNA methylation within gene promoters is a primary mediator of epigenetic inheritance in CRC. The present study evaluated whether promoter methylation of four CRC candidate genes [protocadherin γ subfamily A12 (-γ-), solute carrier family 19 A 1 (), cAMP responsive element binding protein () and cylindromatosis () contributed to the risk and metastasis of CRC by screening a total of 42 CRC and 42 adjacent normal tissue samples. DNA methylation was measured by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP).

promoter hypermethylation in lung squamous cell carcinoma but not in lung adenocarcinoma.

Aberrant DNA methylation is associated with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), suggesting that gene promoter methylation may be a potential biomarker for the detection or risk prediction of NSCLC. The present study aimed to evaluate the potential usage of angiotensin II receptor type 1 () methylation in two major pathologic subtypes: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). Quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction was used to investigate the effect of promoter methylation in the tumor and the paired adjacent non-tumor tissue samples from 42 patients with LUSC, and 69 with LUAD.

Chemotherapy-induced hypomethylation of N-myc downstream-regulated gene 4 in the bone marrow of patients with acute myeloid leukemia.

N-myc downstream-regulated gene 4 () has previously been investigated as a possible tumor suppressor. Hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes contributes to the occurrence and development of certain types of cancer, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The current study aimed to assess the contribution of chemotherapy-induced changeable methylation to the development of AML.

Prognostic value of MLH1 promoter methylation in male patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

The DNA mismatch repair (MMR) gene MutL homolog 1 () is critical for the maintenance of genomic integrity. Methylation of the gene promoter was identified as a prognostic marker for numerous types of cancer including glioblastoma, colorectal, ovarian and gastric cancer. The present study aimed to determine whether promoter methylation was associated with survival in male patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Elevated OPRD1 promoter methylation in Alzheimer's disease patients.

Aberrant DNA methylation has been observed in the patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), a common neurodegenerative disorder in the elderly. OPRD1 encodes the delta opioid receptor, a member of the opioid family of G-protein-coupled receptors. In the current study, we compare the DNA methylation levels of OPRD1 promoter CpG sites (CpG1, CpG2, and CpG3) between 51 AD cases and 63 controls using the bisulfite pyrosequencing technology.

and methylation changes in the bone marrow of acute myeloid leukemia patients during chemotherapy.

Aberrant promoter DNA methylation is a major mechanism of leukemogenesis in hematologic malignancies, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the association between promoter methylation with chemotherapeutic outcomes remains unknown. In the present study, bone marrow samples were collected prior to and following chemotherapy in 30 AML patients.

DNA methylation and leukemia susceptibility in China: Evidence from an updated meta-analysis.

Mounting evidence supports a role for DNA methylation in the pathogenesis of leukemia; however, there no overview of these results in the Chinese population. The present study performed a comprehensive meta-analysis to establish candidate genes with an altered methylation status in Chinese leukemia patients. Eligible studies were identified through searching the National Center of Biotechnology Information PubMed and Wanfang databases.

H4K5 histone acetylation of is associated with heroin administration rather than addiction.

Diacetylmorphine hydrochloride (heroin) addiction is a chronic relapsing brain disorder that is a heavy public health burden worldwide. Brm/SWI2-related gene-1 () is a tumor suppressor gene that can influence embryogenesis and the development of the cerebellum. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of histone H4 lysine 5 (H4K5) modifications on the gene in brain tissue of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of heroin-addicted rats.

Association of six CpG-SNPs in the inflammation-related genes with coronary heart disease.

Background: Chronic inflammation has been widely considered to be the major risk factor of coronary heart disease (CHD). The goal of our study was to explore the possible association with CHD for inflammation-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) involved in cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) dinucleotides. A total of 784 CHD patients and 739 non-CHD controls were recruited from Zhejiang Province, China.

, and promoter methylation alterations in the bone marrow of patients with acute myeloid leukemia during chemotherapy.

Previous studies have demonstrated that promoter hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes contributes to the occurrence and development of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the association of DNA methylation with chemotherapeutic outcomes remains unknown. In the present study, 15 patients with AML were recruited, and the promoter methylation status of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2B (), solute carrier family 19 member 3 () and deleted in lung and esophageal cancer 1 () genes was examined prior to and following various chemotherapeutic regimens in order to identify any alterations.

Association between the methylation status of the promoter in bone marrow specimens and chemotherapy outcomes of patients with acute myeloid leukemia.

The ) gene is a tumor suppressor gene that is associated with the risk of developing acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the association between the methylation status of the promoter and the chemotherapeutic outcomes of patients with AML remains unknown. In the present study, 30 bone marrow samples derived from patients with AML were collected prior and subsequent to chemotherapy.