Airway epithelial-derived exosomes induce acute asthma exacerbation after respiratory syncytial virus infection.

Acute asthma exacerbation refers to the progressive deterioration of asthma symptoms that is always triggered by virus infection represented by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). After RSV infection, exaggerated Th2-mediated pulmonary inflammation is the critical pathological response of asthmatic patients with acute exacerbation. Significantly, airway epithelial cells, being the primary targets of RSV infection, play a crucial role in controlling the pulmonary inflammatory response by releasing airway epithelial cell-derived exosomes (AEC-Exos), which potentially influence the development of asthma.

Airway epithelial overexpressed cathepsin K induces airway remodelling through epithelial-mesenchymal trophic unit activation in asthma.

Background And Purpose: Airway epithelial cells (AECs) regulate the activation of epithelial-mesenchymal trophic units (EMTUs) during airway remodelling through secretion of signalling mediators. However, the major trigger and the intrinsic pathogenesis of airway remodelling is still obscure.

Experimental Approach: The differing expressed genes in airway epithelia related to airway remodelling were screened and verified by RNA-sequencing and signalling pathway analysis.

Anti‑oxidation effect of Genistein in vascular endothelial cell after HO stress.

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by increased oxidative injury in vascular endothelial cells. Inhibiting the oxidative damage of vascular endothelial cells can effectively prevent the occurrence and development of AS. Of note, Genistein (GEN; ID no.

Misdiagnosis of primary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the pleura: case report and literature review.

Background: Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is an indolent B cell lymphoma. Its occurrence in the pleura is rare, with atypical clinical manifestations. MALT of the pleura is easily misdiagnosed.

A Risk Model Composed of Complete Blood Count, and Predicts Inferior Prognosis of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in Children.

Background: In children, Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), which is the most prevalent histiocytic disorder, exhibits a wide variety of manifestations and outcomes. There is no standard prognosis evaluation system for LCH. We investigated the combined predictive significance of complete blood counts (CBCs), and in childhood LCH.

Combined Interventions for Severe Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Experience from 350 Patients.

Purpose: To summarize the clinical features and effective therapy of severe COVID-19 patients.

Patients And Methods: In this retrospective, multicenter study, the medical records of COVID-19 patients in Hunan, from January 21, 2020 to February 19, 2020 were reviewed.

Results: Of the 350 COVID-19 patients, 13.

Corticosteroid Use in the Treatment of COVID-19: A Multicenter Retrospective Study in Hunan, China.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has developed into a worldwide pandemic. This study aimed to retrospectively describe the use of corticosteroids in treating COVID-19.

Methods: For this multicenter retrospective study, medical records from 488 symptomatic COVID-19 patients were reviewed.

Airway epithelial integrin β4 suppresses allergic inflammation by decreasing CCL17 production.

Airway epithelial cells (AECs) play a key role in asthma susceptibility and severity. Integrin β4 (ITGB4) is a structural adhesion molecule that is down-regulated in the airway epithelium of asthma patients. Although a few studies hint toward the role of ITGB4 in asthmatic inflammation pathogenesis, their specific resultant effects remain unexplored.

Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica: A case report and literature review.

Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica (TBO) is a rare disease with unknown etiology characterized by ossifying nodules in the trachea and bronchial walls without involvement of the posterior wall of trachea. A 35-year-old woman admitted to Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, in August 2018 was diagnosed as TBO. She complained of dyspnea for over two years, worsening in autumn and winter, and was detected with tracheal ossification via bronchoscopy and biopsy.

PKR suppress NLRP3-pyroptosis pathway in lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury model of mice.

To explore the effect of double-stranded RNA-dependent kinase (PKR) in acute lung injury (ALI) and resultant acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). A mouse model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI was used to evaluate the levels of phosphorylated (p)-PKR and NLRP3 in lung tissue, and the protective effects of a PKR inhibitor on lung injury. And in vitro, macrophages were incubated with LPS, with or without PKR inhibitor pre-treatment.

Conventional Treatments plus Acupuncture for Asthma in Adults and Adolescent: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: The efficacy of conventional treatments plus acupuncture for asthma in adult and adolescent is uncertain. Literature reports are conflicting; therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of conventional treatments plus acupuncture versus conventional treatments alone using a meta-analysis of all published randomized clinical trials (RCTs).

Methods: Two reviewers independently performed a comprehensive literature search from multiple electronic sources (1990-2018), including PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and WanFang databases.

Redistribution of adrenomedullary nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits and the effect on circulating epinephrine levels in a murine model of acute asthma.

The lack of circulating epinephrine (EPI) in the pathogenesis of asthma has long been attributed to the lack of adrenergic nerves in human airways. However, in this study we considered that EPI levels are regulated by EPI release in addition to synthesis. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) have been shown to control EPI release, and we hypothesized that redistribution of nAChR subunits modulates EPI release and circulating EPI levels.

Lung dendritic cells undergo maturation and polarization towards a T helper type 2-stimulating phenotype in a mouse model of asthma: Role of nerve growth factor.

Nerve growth factor (NGF) and dendritic cells (DCs) have been hypothesized to modulate T cell responses in a mouse model of asthma. However, whether NGF plays a role in regulating the maturation and polarization of lung DCs remains unclear. In the present study, the effect of NGF inhibition on the maturation and phenotype of lung DCs was investigated in a mouse model of asthma.

[Transcription factors in spinal dorsal root ganglion in rats recurrently infected with respiratory syncytial virus].

Objective: To elucidate intracellular transcription factor activation of C(7) approximately T(5) dorsal root ganglia in rats recurrently infected with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).

Methods: Eighty 1 approximately 2 weeks old Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: a control group and a RSV-infection group. The rats in the RSV-infection group were infected with 5 x 10(5) U/mL RSV once a week and the rats in the control group were treated with culture medium without RSV.