The complete chloroplast genome sequence and phylogenetic analysis of Nutt., 1818 (Poaceae).

( Nutt., 1818) is an annual barley that is native to the west of the North America and widespread in southern United States and tropical America. In this study, we have provided the first complete characterization of the chloroplast genome of .

Genome-wide identification and characterization of family genes in barley.

Fatty acid desaturases (FADs) play pivotal roles in determining plant stress tolerance. Barley is the most salt-tolerant cereal crop. In this study, we performed genome-wide identification and characterization analysis of the gene family in barley ().

A designer synthetic chromosome fragment functions in moss.

Rapid advances in DNA synthesis techniques have enabled the assembly and engineering of viral and microbial genomes, presenting new opportunities for synthetic genomics in multicellular eukaryotic organisms. These organisms, characterized by larger genomes, abundant transposons and extensive epigenetic regulation, pose unique challenges. Here we report the in vivo assembly of chromosomal fragments in the moss Physcomitrium patens, producing phenotypically virtually wild-type lines in which one-third of the coding region of a chromosomal arm is replaced by redesigned, chemically synthesized fragments.

The complete chloroplast genome of ssp. .

ssp. (Huds.) R.

Condensation of STM is critical for shoot meristem maintenance and salt tolerance in Arabidopsis.

The shoot meristem generates the entire shoot system and is precisely maintained throughout the life cycle under various environmental challenges. In this study, we identified a prion-like domain (PrD) in the key shoot meristem regulator SHOOT MERISTEMLESS (STM), which distinguishes STM from other related KNOX1 proteins. We demonstrated that PrD stimulates STM to form nuclear condensates, which are required for maintaining the shoot meristem.

Stochastic gene expression drives mesophyll protoplast regeneration.

Cell pluripotency is fundamental to biology. It has long been known that differentiated somatic plant cells may reacquire pluripotency, but the underlying mechanism remains elusive. In many plant species, a single isolated mesophyll protoplast may regenerate into an entire plant, which is widely used in gene transformation.

TheraSling Therapy (TST) Combined with Neuromuscular Facilitation Technique on Hemiplegic Gait in Patients with Stroke.

BACKGROUND TheraSling therapy (TST) is a kind of rehabilitation therapy for patients with stroke in order to improving neural function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of TST combined with neuromuscular facilitation technique on hemiplegic gait in patients with stroke. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty-six patients with abnormal gait after stroke were recruited for this study and assigned randomly to either the control group (n=28) or the TST experiment group (n=28).

A gene expression map of shoot domains reveals regulatory mechanisms.

Gene regulatory networks control development via domain-specific gene expression. In seed plants, self-renewing stem cells located in the shoot apical meristem (SAM) produce leaves from the SAM peripheral zone. After initiation, leaves develop polarity patterns to form a planar shape.

Long noncoding RNA hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha-antisense RNA 1 promotes tumor necrosis factor-α-induced apoptosis through caspase 3 in Kupffer cells.

Kupffer cells (KCs) play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) which is characterized by acute and severe disease in patients with preexisting liver disease and shows high mortality. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are recently found to be involved in gene regulation. However, the mechanisms of how KCs are regulated by inflammatory factors, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and whether lncRNAs are involved in the process remain largely unknown.

Chiral Phosphine-Phosphite Ligands in Asymmetric Gold Catalysis: Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of Furo[3,4-d]-Tetrahydropyridazine Derivatives through [3+3]-Cycloaddition.

The Au -catalyzed reaction of 2-(1-alkynyl)-2-alken-1-ones with azomethine imines regio- and diastereoselectively affords furo[3,4-d]tetrahydropyridazines in a tandem cyclization/intermolecular [3+3]-cycloaddition process under mild conditions. By employing a chiral gold catalyst (prepared in situ from a Taddol-derived phosphine-phosphite ligand, Me SAuCl, and AgOTf) high yields and enantioselectivities (up to 94 % yield, up to 96 % ee) are obtained. The method provides an efficient modular route to substituted heterotricyclic furan derivatives and can be easily scaled up (using catalyst loads of only 0.

Association of Rs2071410 on Furin with Transient Ischemic Attack Susceptibility and Prognosis in a Chinese Population.

BACKGROUND Because genotype CG/GG of Furin rs2071410 can increase susceptibility to hypertension, this study investigated whether Furin rs2071410 is correlated with transient ischemic attack (TIA) susceptibility and prognosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS The odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were evaluated to assess the association of rs2071410 with TIA risk, and logistic regression was used to estimate the effects of various risk factors (e.g.

The complete chloroplast genome of Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis (Rhodophyta) gives new insight into the evolution of family Gracilariaceae.

The complete chloroplast genome of Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis was recovered from a Next Generation Sequencing data set. Without quadripartite structure, this chloroplast genome (183,013 bp, 27.40% GC content) contains 202 protein-coding genes, 34 tRNA genes, 3 rRNA genes, and 1 tmRNA gene.

New role and molecular mechanism of Gadd45a in hepatic fibrosis.

Aim: To investigate the role of Gadd45a in hepatic fibrosis and the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β/Smad signaling pathway.

Methods: Wild-type male BALB/c mice were treated with CCl4 to induce a model of chronic liver injury. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) were isolated from the liver of BALB/c mice and were treated with small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting Gadd45a or the pcDNA3.

Effects of sodium bicarbonate concentration on growth, photosynthesis, and carbonic anhydrase activity of macroalgae Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis, Gracilaria vermiculophylla, and Gracilaria chouae (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta).

There is potential for bicarbonate to improve crop yields and economic efficiency of marine algae. However, few studies have focused on the effect of bicarbonate on the growth, photosynthesis, and enzyme activity associated with carbon utilization, especially in commercial macroalgae. Here, the addition of bicarbonate (up to 420 mg L(-1)) to macroalgal cultures has been evaluated for Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis, Gracilaria vermiculophylla, and Gracilaria chouae with respect to growth rate, photosynthetic activity, carbonic anhydrase activity, and biochemical composition.

Complete mitochondrial genome of the argentine ant, Linepithema humile (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).

In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of the widespread invasive Argentine ant (Linepithema humile) was first determined. The mitochondrial genome is 16 098 bp in length, and encodes one D-loop region, two ribosomal RNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes, and 18 transfer RNA genes. Average GC content of this genome is 19.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Batrachoseps nigriventris (Caudata: Plethodontidae).

Batrachoseps nigriventris was classified in order Caudata, family Plethodontidae. In this study, we obtained the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of B. nigriventris, which was 17 403 bp in length.

Complete mitochondrial genome of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus.

In this study, we determined the mitochondrial genome of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus. The mitochondrial genome is 15 924 bp in length (GC content: 25.6%), encodes 2 ribosomal RNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes, 21 transfer RNA genes, and 1 D-loop region.

Complete mitochondrial genome of Plodia interpunctella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae).

The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Plodia Interpunctella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) was determined. The circular genome has a size of 15 733 base pairs, containing 36 gene protein-coding genes, two rRNA genes, and 21 tRNA genes. The overall base composition was 41.

Momordin Ic couples apoptosis with autophagy in human hepatoblastoma cancer cells by reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways.

Momordin Ic is a principal saponin constituent of Fructus Kochiae, which acts as an edible and pharmaceutical product more than 2000 years in China. Our previous research found momordin Ic induced apoptosis by PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways in HepG2 cells. While the role of autophagy in momordin Ic induced cell death has not been discussed, and the connection between the apoptosis and autophagy is not clear yet.

Cichoric Acid Reverses Insulin Resistance and Suppresses Inflammatory Responses in the Glucosamine-Induced HepG2 Cells.

Cichoric acid, a caffeic acid derivative found in Echinacea purpurea, basil, and chicory, has been reported to have bioactive effects, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and preventing insulin resistance. In this study, to explore the effects of CA on regulating insulin resistance and chronic inflammatory responses, the insulin resistance model was constructed by glucosamine in HepG2 cells. CA stimulated glucosamine-mediated glucose uptake by stimulating translocation of the glucose transporter 2.

Mitochondrial genome of Opsaridium microlepis (cypriniformes: cyprinidae).

The complete mitochondrial genome of Opsaridium microlepis was determined by using llumina sequencing method. The genome is 168 25 bp in length, comprising 13 protein-coding genes, 20 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, two ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes and one control region (D-loop region). Most genes are encoded on the heavy strand (H-strand), except for nad6 and eight tRNA genes.

Complete mitochondrial genome of Bombus terrestris (Hymenoptera: Apidae).

In this study, complete mitochondrial genome of the large earth bumblebee, Bombus terrestris, was first determined. The mitochondrial genome is 174 000 bp in length, and encodes 1 D-loop region, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes and 20 transfer RNA genes. Average GC content of this genome is 15%.

Identification of microRNAs in the Toxigenic Dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella by High-Throughput Illumina Sequencing and Bioinformatic Analysis.

Micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are a large group of endogenous, tiny, non-coding RNAs consisting of 19-25 nucleotides that regulate gene expression at either the transcriptional or post-transcriptional level by mediating gene silencing in eukaryotes. They are considered to be important regulators that affect growth, development, and response to various stresses in plants. Alexandrium catenella is an important marine toxic phytoplankton species that can cause harmful algal blooms (HABs).

Complete mitochondrial genome of a red calcified alga Calliarthron tuberculosum (Corallinales).

454 GS FLX Titanium sequencing data were used to obtain the complete mitochondrial genome of Calliarthron tuberculosum (26,469 bp). The mitogenome contains 44 genes, including 2 ribosomal RNA, 19 transfer RNA, 5 ribosomal proteins, 1 ymf, 2 open reading frames (ORFs) and 16 genes involved in cellular respiration. The secY and rps12 are overlapped by 69 bp.

[Analyse related factors of impact and prognosis of 73 cases of severe hepatitis].

Objective: A retrospective study was conducted to investigate the clinical features and prognostic factors of 73 cases of severe hepatitis.

Methods: To summarize clinical features of 73 cases of severe hepatitis, grouping by etiology and pathogenesis. A retrospective analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between biochemical characteristics (liver function, renal function, electrolytes, PTA, etc) and complications (hepatic encephalopathy, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, hepatorenal syndrome, ascites, abdominal infections, etc) and prognosis.