SLC7A9 suppression increases chemosensitivity by inducing ferroptosis via the inhibition of cystine transport in gastric cancer.

Background: SLC7A9 is responsible for the exchange of dibasic amino acids and cystine (influx) for neutral amino acids (efflux). Cystine/cysteine transport is related to ferroptosis.

Methods: Sanger sequencing detected TP53 status of cancer cells.

BPTF Drives Gastric Cancer Resistance to EGFR Inhibitor by Epigenetically Regulating the C-MYC/PLCG1/Perk Axis.

Erlotinib, an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is used for treating patients with cancer exhibiting EGFR overexpression or mutation. However, the response rate of erlotinib is low among patients with gastric cancer (GC). The findings of this study illustrated that the overexpression of bromodomain PHD finger transcription factor (BPTF) is partially responsible for erlotinib resistance in GC, and the combination of the BPTF inhibitor AU-1 with erlotinib synergistically inhibited tumor growth both in vivo and in vitro.

Androgen receptor promotes cell stemness via interacting with co-factor YAP1 in gastric cancer.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been proposed to explain tumor relapse and chemoresistance in various types of cancers, and androgen receptor (AR) has been emerged as a potential regulator of stemness in cancers. However, the underlying mechanism of AR-regulated CSCs properties and chemoresistance in gastric cancer (GC) remains unknown. Here, we shown that AR is upregulated in GC tissues and correlates with poor survival rate and CSCs phenotypes of GC patients.

VPS35 promotes cell proliferation via EGFR recycling and enhances EGFR inhibitors response in gastric cancer.

Background: Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 35 (VPS35) is a core component of the retromer complex which mediates intracellular protein transport. It is well known that dysfunctional VPS35 functions in the accumulation of pathogenic proteins. In our previous study, VPS35 was found to be a potential gene related to poor prognosis in gastric cancer.

Identification of prognostic gene expression signatures based on the tumor microenvironment characterization of gastric cancer.

Increasing evidence has elucidated that the tumor microenvironment (TME) shows a strong association with tumor progression and therapeutic outcome. We comprehensively estimated the TME infiltration patterns of 111 gastric cancer (GC) and 21 normal stomach mucosa samples based on bulk transcriptomic profiles based on which GC could be clustered as three subtypes, TME-Stromal, TME-Mix, and TME-Immune. The expression data of TME-relevant genes were utilized to build a GC prognostic model-GC_Score.

Preliminary Screening of a Familial Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Pathogenic Gene.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to screen the possible pathogenic genes of one family with tuberous sclerosis complexes (TSCs).

Patients And Methods: All family members were examined through detailed clinical evaluations, auxiliary examinations and CT. Then, we selected five members from this TSC family as the test samples.

The dynamic alteration of transcriptional regulation by crucial TFs during tumorigenesis of gastric cancer.

Background: The mechanisms of Gastric cancer (GC) initiation and progression are complicated, at least partly owing to the dynamic changes of gene regulation during carcinogenesis. Thus, investigations on the changes in regulatory networks can improve the understanding of cancer development and provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of cancer.

Methods: Differential co-expression analysis (DCEA), differential gene regulation network (GRN) modeling and differential regulation analysis (DRA) were integrated to detect differential transcriptional regulation events between gastric normal mucosa and cancer samples based on GSE54129 dataset.

Identification of ARGLU1 as a potential therapeutic target for gastric cancer based on genome-wide functional screening data.

Background: Due to the molecular mechanism complexity and heterogeneity of gastric cancer (GC), mechanistically interpretable biomarkers were required for predicting prognosis and discovering therapeutic targets for GC patients.

Methods: Based on a total of 824 GC-specific fitness genes from the Project Score database, LASSOCox regression was performed in TCGA-STAD cohort to construct a GC Prognostic (GCP) model which was then evaluated on 7 independent GC datasets. Targets prioritization was performed in GC organoids.

Electrospinning for healthcare: recent advancements.

Electrospinning is a simple route to generate polymer-based fibres with diameters on the nano- to micron-scale. It has been very widely explored in biomedical science for applications including drug delivery systems, diagnostic imaging, theranostics, and tissue engineering. This extensive literature reveals that a diverse range of functional components including small molecule drugs, biologics, and nanoparticles can be incorporated into electrospun fibres, and it is possible to prepare materials with complex compartmentalised architectures.

Gene dysregulation analysis builds a mechanistic signature for prognosis and therapeutic benefit in colorectal cancer.

The implementation of cancer precision medicine requires biomarkers or signatures for predicting prognosis and therapeutic benefits. Most of current efforts in this field are paying much more attention to predictive accuracy than to molecular mechanistic interpretability. Mechanism-driven strategy has recently emerged, aiming to build signatures with both predictive power and explanatory power.

DysRegSig: an R package for identifying gene dysregulations and building mechanistic signatures in cancer.

Summary: Dysfunctional regulations of gene expression programs relevant to fundamental cell processes can drive carcinogenesis. Therefore, systematically identifying dysregulation events is an effective path for understanding carcinogenesis and provides insightful clues to build predictive signatures with mechanistic interpretability for cancer precision medicine. Here, we implemented a machine learning-based gene dysregulation analysis framework in an R package, DysRegSig, which is capable of exploring gene dysregulations from high-dimensional data and building mechanistic signature based on gene dysregulations.

Systematical Analysis of the Cancer Genome Atlas Database Reveals / Combination as a Prognostic Signature for Gastric Cancer.

Digestive cancers-including gastric cancer (GC), colorectal cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, esophageal cancer, and pancreatic cancer-accounted for 26% of cancer cases and 35% of cancer deaths worldwide in 2018. It is crucial and urgent to develop biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic benefits of digestive cancers, especially for GC, since the incidence of GC is lower only than lung cancer in China, is hard to detect at an early stage, and is associated with poor prognosis. Mucins, glycoproteins encoded by MUC family genes, act as a part of a physical barrier in the digestive tract and participate in various signaling pathways.

Dual-responsive drug delivery systems prepared by blend electrospinning.

To prepare temperature and pH dual-responsive drug delivery systems, the thermosensitive polymer poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) was first synthesized by free-radical polymerization. It was then co-dissolved with the pH-sensitive polymer Eudragit® L100-55 (EL100-55) and processed into fibers using electrospinning. Ketoprofen (KET), a model drug, was also incorporated into the composite fibers, and fibers based on a single polymer additionally prepared.

Core-shell poly(lactide-co-ε-caprolactone)-gelatin fiber scaffolds as pH-sensitive drug delivery systems.

Dual-drug-loaded pH-responsive fiber scaffolds were successfully prepared by coaxial electrospinning. These were designed with the aim of being sutured into the resection site after tumor removal, to aid recovery and prevent cancer recurrence. The shell was made up of a mixture of gelatin and sodium bicarbonate (added to provide pH-sensitivity), and was loaded with the anti-inflammatory drug ciprofloxacin; the core comprised poly(lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) with the chemotherapeutic doxorubicin hydrochloride.

Electrospun gelatin/sodium bicarbonate and poly(lactide-co-ε-caprolactone)/sodium bicarbonate nanofibers as drug delivery systems.

In this work, we report electrospun nanofibers made of model hydrophobic (poly(lactide-co-ε-caprolactone); PLCL) and hydrophilic (gelatin) polymers. We explored the effect on drug release of the incorporation of sodium bicarbonate (SB) into these fibers, using the potent antibacterial agent ciprofloxacin as a model drug. The fibers prepared are smooth and have relatively uniform diameters lying between ca.

A thermosensitive drug delivery system prepared by blend electrospinning.

In this study, the thermosensitive polymer poly(di(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PDEGMA) was synthesized and electrospun into fibers by blending with ethyl cellulose (EC). Fibers were additionally prepared loaded with ketoprofen (KET) as a model drug. Smooth cylindrical fibers could generally be observed by electron microscopy, although there were some beads and fused fibers visible in the KET-loaded materials.

Core-Sheath Nanofibers as Drug Delivery System for Thermoresponsive Controlled Release.

In this work, a smart drug delivery system of core-sheath nanofiber is reported. The core-sheath nanofibers were prepared with thermoresponsive poly-(N-isopropylacrylamide) (as core) and hydrophobic ethyl cellulose (as sheath) by coaxial electrospinning. Analogous medicated fibers were prepared by loading with a model drug ketoprofen (KET).