Simplification and simulation of evaluation process for low efficiency constructed wetlands based on principal component analysis and machine learning.

The existing performance evaluation process of constructed wetlands (CWs) is complex, with shortcomings in both simplification of method and construction of simulation model, especially for low-efficiency CWs (LECWs, with an average close-degree calculated by the entropy weight method being <0.6). This study presents a case study of LECWs in the Ningxia region (comprising 13 subsurface flow constructed wetlands (SSF CWs) and 7 surface flow constructed wetlands (SF CWs)), employs the entropy weight method (EWM) to construct an evaluation of CW operational efficiency, simplifies evaluation indicators through principal component analysis (PCA), develops two random forest (RF) models to validate the rationality of the simplified indicators, and establishes simulation models by logistic regression (LR).

Water periods impact the structure and metabolic potential of the nitrogen-cycling microbial communities in rivers of arid and semi-arid regions.

This study examined the influence of water periods on river nitrogen cycling by analysing nitrogen functional genes and bacterial communities in the Qingshui River, an upstream tributary of the Yellow River in China. Nitrate nitrogen predominated as inorganic nitrogen during the low-flow seasons, whereas salinity was highest during the high-flow seasons. Overall, the functional gene abundance increased with decreasing water volume, and nitrogen concentrations were determined by various specific gene groups.

Intensified river salinization alters nitrogen-cycling microbial communities in arid and semi-arid regions of China.

Freshwater salinization is receiving increasing global attention due to its profound influence on nitrogen cycling in aquatic ecosystems and the accessibility of water resources. However, a comprehensive understanding of the changes in river salinization and the impacts of salinity on nitrogen cycling in arid and semi-arid regions of China is currently lacking. A meta-analysis was first conducted based on previous investigations and found an intensification in river salinization that altered hydrochemical characteristics.

The Role of Timing of Progression and Early Salvage Surgery in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with TACE Plus TKIs and PD‑1 Inhibitors.

Background: The prognosis of initially unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (iuHCC) has been improved by TACE with TKIs and PD-1 inhibitors (TTP). However, the role of timing of tumor progression and and early salvage surgery during TTP therapy remains unclear.

Patients And Methods: The data of 151 patients who received TTP for iuHCC consecutively between November 2019 and December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.

Triclosan disturbs nitrogen removal in constructed wetlands: Responses of microbial structure and functions.

This study investigated the influence of wetland types (vertical and tidal flow constructed wetlands [CWs] [VFCW and TFCW, respectively]) and concentrations of triclosan (TCS) on the removal of pollutants (TCS and nitrogen) and microbial characteristics. The efficiency of TCS removal was significantly higher with 5 μg/L TCS (Phase B) than with 30 μg/L (Phase C) in the two CWs. The efficiencies of removal of NH-N and NO-N were significantly inhibited in Phase C.

Loneliness is related to smaller gray matter volumes in ACC and right VLPFC in people with major depression: a UK biobank study.

The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) are thought to have important roles in loneliness (feeling of social isolation/exclusion) experience or regulation and in the pathophysiology of their disturbance in major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the structural abnormalities of these regions and the correlates with loneliness in MDD across the healthy population have not fully been clarified. The study analyzed the link between loneliness and gray matter volumes (GMVs) in the ACC and right VLPFC among 1,005 patients with MDD and 7,247 healthy controls (HCs) using UK Biobank data.

Simulating soil salinity dynamics, cotton yield and evapotranspiration under drip irrigation by ensemble machine learning.

Cotton is widely used in textile, decoration, and industry, but it is also threatened by soil salinization. Drip irrigation plays an important role in improving water and fertilization utilization efficiency and ensuring crop production in arid areas. Accurate prediction of soil salinity and crop evapotranspiration under drip irrigation is essential to guide water management practices in arid and saline areas.

Metal-organic rotaxane frameworks constructed from a cucurbit[8]uril-based ternary complex for the selective detection of antibiotics.

Herein we report two 2D layered metal-organic rotaxane frameworks (MORFs), WUST-1 and WUST-2, constituted by a ternary host-guest complex based on cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) and an ()-1-methyl-4-[4-(pyridin-4-yl)styryl] pyridinium (G1) ligand, and different metal ions and auxiliary linkers. Both MORFs are stable in water and highly fluorescence emissive, and can selectively sense nitrofurazone with low detection limits.

Facet modulation of nickel-ruthenium nanocrystals for efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution.

Constructing highly active electrocatalysts towards hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in both alkaline and acidic media is essential for achieving a sustainable energy economy. Here, a facile ethylene glycol reduction strategy was employed to design the nickel-ruthenium nanocrystals (Ni-Ru NC) with an exposed highly active Ru (101) facet as an efficient electrocatalyst for HER. Testings show Ni-Ru NC outperforms the benchmark catalyst Pt/C by delivering extraordinarily low overpotentials of 21.

Overlying water fluoride concentrations influence dissolved organic matter composition and migration from pore water in sediment via bacterial mechanisms.

Fluoride (F) is widespread in aquatic environments; however, it is not clear whether the fluctuation of F concentrations in overlying lake water affects the composition and migration of dissolved organic matter (DOM) from sediment. A case study was presented in Sand Lake, China, and an experiment was conducted to analyze the influence of different F concentrations in overlying water on DOM characteristics. Diffusion resulted in similarities in DOM components between overlying and pore waters, and bacterial activities and enzyme variation resulted in differences between them.

Can ensemble machine learning be used to predict the groundwater level dynamics of farmland under future climate: a 10-year study on Huaibei Plain.

Accurate and simple prediction of farmland groundwater level (GWL) is an important aspect of agricultural water management. A farmland GWL prediction model, GWPRE, was developed that integrates four machine learning (ML) models (support vector machine regression, random forest, multiple perceptions, and the stacking ensemble model) with weather forecasts. Based on the GWL and meteorological data of five monitoring wells (N1, N2, N3, N4, and N5) in Huaibei plain from 2010 to 2020, the feasibility of predicting GWL by meteorological factors and ML algorithm was tested.

Construction of Bifunctional N-Doped Carbon-Anchored Co Nanoparticles for OER and ORR.

Designing highly active and more durable oxygen electrocatalysts for regenerative metal-air batteries and water splitting is of practical significance. Herein, an advanced Co/N-C-800 catalyst composed of abundant Co-N structures and carbon defects derived from cobalt phthalocyanine is synthesized. Remarkably, this catalyst exhibits favorable catalytic performance toward the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with a receivable overpotential of 274 mV in an alkaline medium achieving a current density of 10 mA cm and a Tafel slope of 43.

Functional genera for efficient nitrogen removal under low C/N ratio influent at low temperatures in a two-stage tidal flow constructed wetland.

A two-stage tidal flow constructed wetland (referred to as TFCW-A and TFCW-B) was used to treat low chemical oxygen demand/total nitrogen (COD/TN or simply C/N) ratio influent at low temperatures (<15 °C). The influence of the flooding-resting time (A: 8 h-4 h, B: 4 h-8 h) and effluent recirculation on nitrogen removal and microbial community characteristics were explored. TFCW-B achieved optimal average nitrogen removal efficiency with effluent recirculation (96.

Controlled release urea improves rice production and reduces environmental pollution: a research based on meta-analysis and machine learning.

To reveal the comprehensive impacts of controlled release urea (CRU) on rice production, nitrogen (N) loss, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, a research based on global meta-analysis and machine learning (ML) was conducted. The results revealed that the CRU application instead of conventional fertilizer can increase rice yield, N use efficiency (NUE), and net benefits by 5.24%, 20.

Long-term trends in water quality and influence of water recharge and climate on the water quality of brackish-water lakes: A case study of Shahu Lake.

This study aimed to assess the long-term fluctuations in water quality and the influence of Yellow River water recharge and climatic condition on the water environmental index of a typical brackish-water lake. This study investigated several surface water quality parameters and their relationships with the water quality index (WQI) and trophic status index (TSI) of Shahu Lake from 2011 to 2018. A health risk assessment was conducted, and the correlations among water recharge, climatic conditions, and the aforementioned elements were determined.

Hydrogen-Etched Bifunctional Sulfur-Defect-Rich ReS /CC Electrocatalyst for Highly Efficient HER and OER.

The design on synthesizing a sturdy, low-cost, clean, and sustainable electrocatalyst, as well as achieving high performance with low overpotential and good durability toward water splitting, is fairly vital in environmental and energy-related subject. Herein, for the first time the growth of sulfur (S) defect engineered self-supporting array electrode composed of metallic Re and ReS nanosheets on carbon cloth (referred as Re/ReS /CC) via a facile hydrothermal method and the following thermal treatment with H /N flow is reported. It is expected that, for example, the as-prepared Re/ReS -7H/CC for the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) under acidic medium affords a quite low overpotential of 42 mV to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm and a very small Tafel slope of 36 mV decade , which are comparable to some of the promising HER catalysts.

Response Characteristics of Nitrifying Bacteria and Archaea Community Involved in Nitrogen Removal and Bioelectricity Generation in Integrated Tidal Flow Constructed Wetland-Microbial Fuel Cell.

This study explores nitrogen removal performance, bioelectricity generation, and the response of microbial community in two novel tidal flow constructed wetland-microbial fuel cells (TFCW-MFCs) when treating synthetic wastewater under two different chemical oxygen demand/total nitrogen (COD/TN, or simplified as C/N) ratios (10:1 and 5:1). The results showed that they achieved high and stable COD, NH -N, and TN removal efficiencies. Besides, TN removal rate of TFCW-MFC was increased by 5-10% compared with that of traditional CW-MFC.

Robust nitrate removal and bioenergy generation with elucidating functional microorganisms under carbon constraint in a novel multianode tidal constructed wetland coupled with microbial fuel cell.

This study investigated synthetic wastewater treatment under low inflow C/N ratio and characterized NO-N-transforming and electricity-producing bacteria in a multi-anode tidal constructed wetland-microbial fuel cell (TFCW-MFC). The optimal concurrent average removal rates of NH-N and NO-N were 73% and 78%, respectively, under a flood/rest/flood time of 4 h/2h/4h in "tide" mode accompanied by one recirculation. The lowest NO-N concentration among all anodes was observed when the electrode gap was 45 cm.

Photochemical cycloaddition and temperature-dependent breathing in pillared-layer metal-organic frameworks.

Single crystallinity of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) enables the studies of their flexible behaviors with atomic precision. Here, we investigated the structural transformations triggered by photochemical cycloaddition and with temperature-dependent breathing in a series of pillared-layer MOF structures using a variety of pyrazolecarboxylate linkers for the layers and bipyridyl linkers as the pillars. The ethylenic double bonds from the pillars in close proximity undergo quantitative and seteroselective photochemical [2 + 2] cycloaddition upon UV irradiation, transforming the MOFs into structures with cyclobutane-based pillars.

New linker installation in metal-organic frameworks.

In this Frontier article, we provide a brief overview of recent progress in the new organic component installation in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) by single-crystal to single-crystal transformation. We discuss the criteria for the MOFs which could provide accessible vacant sites for new linker installation. We highlight three different categories of linker installation based on the nature and the roles of the new linkers.

Epitaxial Growth and Integration of Insulating Metal-Organic Frameworks in Electrochemistry.

With tunable pore size and rich active metal centers, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been regarded as the one of the promising materials for catalysis. Prospectively, employing MOFs in electrochemistry would notably broaden the scope of electrocatalysis. However, this application is largely hindered by MOFs' conventionally poor electrical conductivity.

Interface construction in microporous metal-organic frameworks from luminescent terbium-based building blocks.

Interfaces between the pores and the skeletons in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) define the places where the materials interact with the incoming guests, and constructing functionalized interfaces in MOFs is crucial for various applications. In this report, by using the platform of the well-known terbium-based 12-connected building units, four isoreticular MOFs, FDM-34-37, with fcu-a topology in single crystal form were obtained with linear organic linkers featuring diversified edge lengths (from 17.4 to 23.

Reversible Redox Activity in Multicomponent Metal-Organic Frameworks Constructed from Trinuclear Copper Pyrazolate Building Blocks.

Inorganic functionalization of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), such as incorporation of multiple inorganic building blocks with distinct metals into one structure and further modulation of the metal charges, endows the porous materials with significant properties toward their applications in catalysis. In this work, by an exploration of the role of 4-pyrazolecarboxylic acid (HPyC) in the formation of trinuclear copper pyrazolate as a metalloligand in situ, four new MOFs with multiple components in order were constructed through one-pot synthesis. This metalloligand strategy provides multicomponent MOFs with new topologies (tub for FDM-4 and tap for FDM-5) and is also compatible with a second organic linker for cooperative construction of complex MOFs (1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid for FDM-6 and 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid for FDM-7).

Transfer-Free Fabrication of Graphene Scaffolds on High-k Dielectrics from Metal-Organic Oligomers.

In situ fabrication of graphene scaffold-ZrO2 nanofilms is achieved by thermal annealing of Zr-based metal-organic oligomers on SiO2 substrates. The structural similarities of the aromatic moieties in the ligand (phenyl-, naphthyl-, anthryl-, and pyrenyl-) compared to graphene play a major role in the ordering of the graphene scaffolds obtained. The depth profiling analysis reveals ultrathin carbon-pure or carbon-rich surfaces of the graphene scaffold-ZrO2 nanofilms.

Distinct Packings of Supramolecular Building Blocks in Metal-Organic Frameworks Based on Imidazoledicarboxylic Acid.

When the supramolecular building block packings (face-centered, body-centered, and primitive cubic) with different interactions (hydrogen and coordination bonding) were controlled, four new structures based on octahedral M(II) (M = Zn, Ni, Mn) and imidazoledicarboxylate were constructed. The interaction modes between the supramolecular building blocks affect the water stability of the structures. Furthermore, with uncoordinated carboxylate O atoms in the structures, these compounds demonstrate a strong capability of capturing metal ions in the solution.