Butyrylated modification of corn starch alleviates autism-like behaviors by modulating 5-hydroxytryptamine metabolism and gut-brain neural activity.

This study was conducted to elucidate the effects of different degrees of substitution (DS) on the properties of propionylated and butyrylated starches and to investigate their efficacy and mechanisms in ameliorating autism-like phenotypes. Fourier transform infrared spectra of propionylated and butyrylated starches revealed the presence of the CO absorption peak at 1730 cm. Additionally, as the DS increased, the surface of the starch granules became rougher, and the crystallinity decreased.

CCFM1077 Ameliorated Neurotransmitter Disorder and Neuroinflammation Closely Linked to Regulation in the Kynurenine Pathway of Autistic-like Rats.

The kynurenine pathway (KP) is abnormal in autistic patients and model animals. According to studies on the brain-gut axis, probiotics can help ameliorate the metabolic abnormalities of the KP in patients and model animals with neurological diseases. This study was aimed at evaluating the ability of () CCFM077 to enhance the gut microbiome and KP metabolism and regulate the neurotransmitter levels and neuroinflammation of autistic rats.

Lactic acid bacteria alleviate di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-induced liver and testis toxicity via their bio-binding capacity, antioxidant capacity and regulation of the gut microbiota.

Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a plasticiser that, if absorbed into the human body, can cause various adverse effects including reproductive toxicity, liver toxicity and gut microbiota dysbiosis. So far, some studies have proved that the toxicity of DEHP can be reduced by using antioxidants. However, these candidates all show potential side effects and cannot prevent the accumulation of DEHP in the body, making them unable to be used as a daily dietary supplement to relieve the toxic effects of DEHP.

The autistic-like behaviors development during weaning and sexual maturation in VPA-induced autistic-like rats is accompanied by gut microbiota dysbiosis.

Researches on gut microbiota in autism have mostly focused on children, but the dynamic changes of gut microbiota from weaning to adulthood were still not clear because of the difficulty of diagnosing autism. In this study, autistic-like rats indued by valproate (VPA) were tracked from weaning (end of breastfeeding; four weeks old) to sexual maturation (food; eight weeks old). Autistic-like rats were found to show obvious developmental disorders.

Isolated from Different Hosts Modifies the Intestinal Microbiota and Displays Differential Metabolic and Immunomodulatory Properties in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet.

The incidence of obesity, which is closely associated with the gut microbiota and chronic inflammation, has rapidly increased in the past 40 years. Therefore, the probiotic-based modification of the intestinal microbiota composition has been developed as a strategy for the treatment of obesity. In this study, we selected four strains isolated from the feces of newborn and elderly humans to investigate whether supplementation with of various origins could alleviate obesity in mice.

Daily intake of Lactobacillus alleviates autistic-like behaviors by ameliorating the 5-hydroxytryptamine metabolic disorder in VPA-treated rats during weaning and sexual maturation.

Probiotic therapy targeting gut-brain axis has been proven to be effective in treating autistic patients. The present study aimed to assess the ability of three Lactobacillus strains (L. helveticus CCFM1076, L.

A High-Fat Diet Increases Gut Microbiota Biodiversity and Energy Expenditure Due to Nutrient Difference.

A high-fat diet (HFD) can easily induce obesity and change the gut microbiota and its metabolites. However, studies on the effects of high-fat diets on the host have drawn inconsistent results. In this study, the unexpected results showed that the refined HFD increased gut microbiota diversity and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), causing an increase in energy metabolism.

Identifying locations and sources of groundwater discharge into Poyang Lake (eastern China) using radium and stable isotopes (deuterium and oxygen-18).

Knowledge of groundwater discharge (location and sources) into Poyang Lake is needed for water resources management and ecological security. In this study, hydrochemical and stable (δD and δO) and radium (Ra, Ra, Ra, and Ra) isotopic approaches were employed to study the hydrochemical and isotopic characteristics of groundwater and surface water (river water and lake water) to identify the places where groundwater discharged into Poyang Lake and the groundwater discharge sources. The results showed that the groundwater discharge area was extensive during the dry season.