Capsaicin combined with ice stimulation improves swallowing function in patients with dysphagia after stroke: A randomised controlled trial.

Background: Dysphagia is a common condition after stroke, and it is associated with many complications. Early and effective treatments are essential to the prognosis of patients with dysphagia. We aimed to evaluate the effects and safety of capsaicin combined with ice stimulation in patients with dysphagia after stroke.

Synthesis and biological activities of novel isoxazoline-linked pseudodisaccharide derivatives.

A series of novel isoxazoline linked pseudodisaccharide derivatives were regiospecifically synthesized by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of α-allyl-C-glycopyranosides and sugar-derived nitrile oxides with good yields. The structures of the compounds were characterized by NMR spectroscopy and MS spectrometry and confirmed by the X-ray crystallographic analysis of compound ((5S)-3-(2,3-O-isopropylidene-5-deoxy-d-lyxofuranose-4-yl)isoxazoline-5-yl) methyl α- C-D-galactopyranoside. Their biological activities against glycosidases (α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and β-glucosidase) and HIV-RT, and antitumor activity were preliminarily evaluated.

Synthesis of C-Pseudonucleosides Bearing Thiazolidin-4-one as a Novel Potential Immunostimulating Agent.

Several novel C-pseudonucleosides bearing thiazolidin-4-one were synthesized by one-pot three-component condensation using unprotected sugar aldehyde at room temperature, and their effects on T cells, B cells, the cytokine secretion of IL-2, IL-4, and IFN-γ, T cell-associated molecules (CD3, CD4, CD8), and B cell-associated molecules (CD19) were first evaluated. The experimental data demonstrated that such thiazolidin-4-one C-pseudonucleosides hold potential as immunostimulating agents.

Microwave-assisted synthesis of dinucleoside analogues containing a thiazolidin-4-one linkage via one-pot tandem Staudinger/aza-Wittig/cyclization.

Dinucleosides containing a thiazolidin-4-one linkage were prepared by one-pot tandem Staudinger/aza-Wittig/intermolecular cyclization under microwave irradiation and their structures were confirmed. Preliminary examination of HIV-RT inhibition showed that the dinucleosides containing (R)-thiazolidin-4-one linkage are significantly more active than those containing (S)-thiazolidin-4-one linkage.

A convenient synthesis of novel thiazolidin-4-one-linked pseudodisaccharides by tandem Staudinger/aza-Wittig/cyclization and their biological evaluation.

Novel thiazolidin-4-one-linked pseudodisaccharides 3-6 were synthesized by the one-pot tandem Staudinger/aza-Wittig/cyclization reaction at room temperature. The deacetylation of 3-6 afforded compounds 7-10, respectively. The structures of the new compounds were determined using single crystal X-ray crystallography, (1)H, (13)C, and 2D NMR spectroscopy, and HR mass spectrometry.

Synthesis and biological activity of novel 5'-arylamino-nucleosides by microwave-assisted one-pot tandem Staudinger/aza-Wittig/reduction.

Novel pseudonucleosides with benzylamino group on 5'-position (4) were synthesized by using the microwave-assisted one-pot tandem Staudinger/aza-Wittig/reduction reaction in good yields of 55.2-71.7%.

Design, microwave-assisted synthesis and HIV-RT inhibitory activity of 2-(2,6-dihalophenyl)-3-(4,6-dimethyl-5-(un)substituted-pyrimidin-2-yl)thiazolidin-4-ones.

A series of novel thiazolidin-4-ones bearing a hydrophobic substituent at 5-position on the 4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidine ring at N-3 (5c-i and 6c-i) were designed on the prediction of QSAR studies, synthesized in good yields of 60.1-85.3% by microwave-assisted one-pot protocol with the combination of using dicyclohexylcarbonimide (DCC) as the promotor, and evaluated as HIV-1 reverse transcriptases inhibitors.