Two Disaccharide-Bearing Polyethers, K-41B and K-41Bm, Potently Inhibit HIV-1 via Mechanisms Different from That of Their Precursor Polyether, K-41A.

The screening of novel antiviral agents from marine microorganisms is an important strategy for new drug development. Our previous study found that polyether K-41A and its analog K-41Am, derived from a marine Streptomyces strain, exhibit anti-HIV activity by suppressing the activities of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) and its integrase (IN). Among the K-41A derivatives, two disaccharide-bearing polyethers-K-41B and K-41Bm-were found to have potent anti-HIV-1 activity in vitro.

Flavin-Dependent Monooxygenase Kmy13 Mediates Formation of the Carbocyclic System during Kendomycin B Biosynthesis.

Kendomycin B is distinguished from other ansamycins by its unique, fully carbogenic scaffold. We show here that FAD-dependent monooxygenase Kmy13 is solely responsible for installing the rare structural framework; gene disruption/complementation experiments and enzymatic assays are described in detail. Moreover, the compound with a β-keto ester, kendolactone A (), was confirmed as the natural substrate of Kmy13 and a bona fide biosynthetic intermediate en route to kendomycin B.

Moxibustion improves motor function by down-regulating SNX5 and inhibiting ferroptosis in neurons of corpus striatum in mice with Parkinson's disease.

Objectives: To explore the effect of moxibustion on the expression of sorting nexin 5 (SNX5), glutathione peroxidase (GPX4) and ferritin heavy chain (FTH1) in the corpus striatum in mice with Parkinson's disease (PD), so as to explore its mechanisms underlying improvement of PD by ameliorating ferroptosis in the substantia nigra striatum.

Methods: C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into normal, sham operation, model, and moxibustion groups, with 10 mice in each group. The PD model was established by unilateral injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (3.

Construction of high-density genetic map based on SLAF-seq and QTL analysis of major traits in sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.].

Sweetpotato, Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam., is an important worldwide crop used as feed, food, and fuel.

Facile fluorescence detection of malachite green in fish using molecularly imprinted polymers doped CdTe quantum dots based system.

Malachite green (MG) possesses high toxicity, therefore, the detection of MG in fish tissues is of vital importance. A novel core-shell MIPs doped CdTe quantum dots coated silica nanoparticles (CdTe-MIP/SiO NPs) were synthesized via a simple one-pot strategy. The materials were characterized carefully.

Dietary vitamin E intake and risk of Parkinson's disease: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: Current evidence on the association between dietary vitamin E intake and the risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) is limited. The aim of the study was to explore the association of dietary vitamin E intake with PD in the United States among adults over 40 years.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study with data collected from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2009 to 2018.

Semi-synthesis and structure-activity relationship study yield antibacterial vicenistatin derivatives with low cytotoxicity.

Vicenistatin (1) is a 20-membered polyketide macrocyclic antibiotic with potent antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. In this study, to further explore the potential of 1 as candidates of antibacterial drug development, 4'-N-demethyl vicenistatin (2), a secondary metabolite obtained from the ∆vicG mutant strain of Monodonata labio-associated Streptomyces parvus SCSIO Mla-L010, was utilized as a starting material for modifications of 4'-amino group of vicenistatin. Six new vicenistatin derivatives (3-8) were semi-synthesized through a concise route of amino modification with various aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes.

Investigating the Structure-property Relationships of Two Cd-based Hybrid Multifunctional Compounds with High Tc, Bright Fluorescence and Wide Band-gap.

Organic-inorganic hybrid multifunctional materials have shown significant application in lighting and sensor fields, owing to their prominent performance and diversity structures. Herein, we synthesized two multifunctional compounds: (propyl-quinuclidone) CdBr (1) and (F-butyl-quinuclidone) CdBr (2). By introducing light-emitting organic cation with flexible long chain, 1 and 2 exhibit excellent transition properties and bright blue-white fluorescence.

Bioinspired fine-tuning of the mechanical rigidity of SNEDDS for the efficient crossing of multiple gastrointestinal barriers.

Nanoproperties, such as size, charge, and rigidity, have been demonstrated to be crucial for nanovehicles to overcome numerous gastrointestinal obstacles. However, the facile approach of modifying the rigidity of nanovehicles remains scarce, limiting understanding of how rigidity impacts their oral delivery. Inspired by the fact that cellular phospholipid content regulates plasma membrane rigidity, the rigidity of self-nanoemulsifiying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) could be fine-tuned via phosphocholine content while their size and zeta potential remain unchanged, using insulin as a model drug.

Moxibustion treatment for Parkinson's disease: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder and seriously affects quality of life globally. Moxibustion is widely used to treat neurodegenerative diseases in the clinic and has achieved a beneficial clinical effect. However, strict control and high-quality randomized controlled trials are still lacking.

Six Sets of Aromatic Polyketides Differing in Size and Shape Derive from a Single Biosynthetic Gene Cluster.

One new aromatic polyketide, prealnumycin B (), and four known aromatic polyketides, K1115A (), 1,6-dihydroxy-8-propylanthraquinone (DHPA, ), phaeochromycin B (), and ()-7-acetyl-3,6-dihydroxy-8-propyl-3,4dihydronaphthalen-1(2)-one (), were isolated from the marine-derived SCSIO NS01; these compounds represent four sets of aromatic polyketides differing in size and shape. A type II polyketide synthase (PKS) cluster, , was identified by complete genome sequencing and was shown, by gene inactivation experiments in the wild-type (WT) NS01 strain and heterologous expression experiments, to encode the biosynthesis of compounds -. Moreover, heterologous expression of the cluster afforded three additional aromatic polyketides representing two different carbon skeletons, the new phaeochromycin L () and two known aromatic polyketides, phaeochromycins D () and E ().

Expanded morphological description of the recently described Lycodon zayuensis (Serpentes: Colubridae).

Lycodon is a species-rich genus that currently contains 72 named species. Lycodon zayuensis Jiang, Wang, Jin & Che, 2020, was described from Lower Chayu Town, Chayu County, Tibet, China, based on a single female holotype. During our recent field work, three additional specimens, including two females and one male, were collected and identified as L.

Resequencing of sweetpotato germplasm resources reveals key loci associated with multiple agronomic traits.

Sweetpotato is an important crop that exhibits hexaploidy and high heterozygosity, which limits gene mining for important agronomic traits. Here, 314 sweetpotato germplasm resources were deeply resequenced, and 4 599 509 SNPs and 846 654 InDels were generated, among which 196 124 SNPs were nonsynonymous and 9690 InDels were frameshifted. Based on the Indels, genome-wide marker primers were designed, and 3219 of 40 366 primer pairs were selected to construct the core InDel marker set.

Characterization of the Glycosyltransferase and Methyltransferase Encoded Remotely from the Actinopyrone Biosynthetic Gene Cluster Enables Access to Diverse Analogues.

The actinopyrone biosynthetic gene cluster () lacks glycosyl- and methyltransferase genes, yet its product clearly calls for such enzymes. Using bioinformatics and biochemical methods, we confirmed that the and genes, well beyond the cluster boundaries, encode methyltransferase and glycosyltransferase, respectively. Moreover, homologous protein GT1507 enabled us to produce 14 non-natural actinopyrone analogues.

Effect of acupuncture for non-motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Although non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) are serious, effective treatments are still lacking. Acupuncture may have clinical benefits for non-motor symptoms of PD patients, but high-quality evidence supporting this possibility is still limited. Hence, we conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of acupuncture treatment on non-motor symptoms in patients with PD.

Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation Promotes Protein Aggregation and Its Implications in Ferroptosis in Parkinson's Disease Dementia.

The pathological features of PDD are represented by dopaminergic neuronal death and intracellular -synuclein (-syn) aggregation. The interaction of iron accumulation with -syn and tau was further explored as an essential pathological mechanism of PDD. However, the links and mechanisms between these factors remain unclear.

MGCEP 1.0: A Genetic-Engineered Marine-Derived Chassis Cell for a Scaled Heterologous Expression Platform of Microbial Bioactive Metabolites.

Marine microorganisms produce a variety of bioactive secondary metabolites, which represent a significant source of novel antibiotics. Heterologous expression is a valuable tool for discovering marine microbial secondary metabolites; however, marine-derived chassis cell is very scarce. Here, we build an efficient plug-and-play marine-derived gene clusters expression platform 1.

Comparison of Improved Surgical Eight-Step Handwashing Combined with ATP Fluorescence in Detecting the Infection Rate at the Site of Seven-Step Surgical Handwashing and 30-Day Orthopaedic Surgery: A Randomized Study.

Objectives: To compare the effects of two hand cleaning schemes on the prevention of surgical site infection in routine orthopaedic surgery. Compared with the standard surgical seven-step washing technique and detected by ATP fluorescence method, the handwashing effects of the improved surgical eight-step washing technique and the standard surgical seven-step washing technique were compared, so as to provide a basis for eliminating the handwashing blind area of the surgical seven step washing technique and improving the surgical handwashing method.

Methods: A total of 800 consecutive patients who underwent clean and clean-contaminated orthopaedic surgery between January 1, 2020 and December 31, 2020.

sp. nov., a Novel Marine Actinomycete, and Its Biosynthetic Potential of Bioactive Natural Products.

Marine actinomycetes are an important source of antibiotics, but many of them are yet to be explored in terms of taxonomy, ecology, and functional activity. In this study, two marine actinobacterial strains, designated SCSIO 64649 and SCSIO 03032, were isolated, and the potential for bioactive natural product discovery was evaluated based on genome mining, compound detection, and antimicrobial activity. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain SCSIO 64649 formed a single clade with SCSIO 03032 (similarity 99.

['s experience in treatment of depression complicated with obsessive-compulsive disorder from perspective of heart and gallbladder].

Based on the thinking of integrative and holistic acupuncture and moxibustion, - proposes to treat depression complicated with obsessive-compulsive disorder from perspective of heart and gallbladder. In clinical practice, the treatment pattern of "acupuncture at the top priority, followed by moxibustion, and consolidation at the end" is applied, acupuncture, refined moxibustion, intradermal needle and other therapies are comprehensively adopted, acupoints on the heart meridian, pericardium meridian and gallbladder meridian are selected or back- points and front- points of the heart, gallbladder and pericardium are matched, and the acupoints on the conception vessel and governor vessel and with the functions of tonifying kidney and regulating are added to calm the heart and tranquilize the mind, so as the symptoms of depression and obsessive-compulsive can be effectively relieved.

IL-34 and coronary heart disease complicated with diabetes mellitus.

Coronary heart disease and diabetes mellitus are closely related to chronic low-grade inflammation. Interleukin-34 (IL-34) is a new member of the interleukin family discovered in recent years. It is involved in the pathophysiological process of mononuclear phagocyte system mainly via binding to colony stimulating factor-1 receptor, and it is closely related to inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.

Characterization of the Aminosugar Biosynthetic and Regulatory Genes of Vicenistatin in -Associated SCSIO Mla-L010.

Vicenistatin () is a potent polyketide antitumor antibiotic composed of a 20-membered macrolactam core appended to a unique aminosugar, vicenisamine. In this study, vicenistatin was isolated and its biosynthetic gene cluster identified from -associated SCSIO Mla-L010. A set of five genes, , , , , and , was confirmed to be involved in the biosynthesis of the aminosugar by gene inactivations.

Rapid and improved oral absorption of N-butylphthalide by sodium cholate-appended liposomes for efficient ischemic stroke therapy.

As a multi-target drug to treat ischemic stroke, N-butylphthalide (NBP) is extremely water-insoluble and exhibits limited oral bioavailability, impeding its wide oral application. Effective treatment of ischemic stroke by NBP requires timely and efficient drug exposure, necessitating the development of new oral formulations. Herein, liposomes containing biosurfactant sodium cholate (CA-liposomes) were systemically investigated as an oral NBP delivery platform because of its high biocompatibility and great potential for clinical applications.