Functionalized Microsphere Platform Combining Nutrient Restriction and Combination Therapy to Combat Bacterial Infections.

The escalating prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections has emerged as a critical global health crisis, undermining the efficacy of conventional antibiotic therapies. This pressing challenge necessitates the development of innovative strategies to combat MDR pathogens. Advances in multifunctional drug delivery systems offer promising solutions to reduce or eradicate MDR bacteria.

A Milk Extracellular Vesicle-Based Nanoplatform Enhances Combination Therapy Against Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Infections.

The increasing occurrence of infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria drives the need for new antibacterial drugs. Due to the current lack of antibiotic discovery and development, new strategies to fight MDR bacteria are urgently needed. Efforts to develop new antibiotic adjuvants to increase the effectiveness of existing antibiotics and design delivery systems are essential to address this issue.

Milk Extracellular Vesicles: Natural Nanoparticles for Enhancing Oral Drug Delivery against Bacterial Infections.

Oral drug delivery is typically preferred as a therapeutic intervention due to the complexities and expenses associated with intravenous administration. However, some drugs are poorly absorbed orally, requiring intravenous administration to bypass the gastrointestinal tract and deliver the drug directly into the bloodstream. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop novel drug delivery platforms to overcome the challenges of oral drug delivery with low solubility, low permeability, oral degradation, and low bioavailability.

Enhanced antibacterial activity of bovine milk exosome-based drug formulation against bacterial pathogens.

Milk is not only a source of nutrients, but also contains exosomes (Exo) that can serve as a vehicle for drug delivery. Here, we obtained bovine milk Exo using three efficient methods, demonstrating high quality for commercial production. The optimized Exo displayed a size of 105.

Aptamer based label free thrombin assay based on the use of silver nanoparticles incorporated into self-polymerized dopamine.

The authors describe an electrochemical aptasensor for thrombin that is based on the use of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with polydopamine that is loaded with silver nanoparticles (PDA/AgNPs). The use of AgNPs improves the conductivity of the film and increases the surface area of the GCE. PDA was deposited on the GCE via self-polymerization, and the thrombin binding aptamer was grafted onto the PDA-modified GCE by a single step reaction.

Antifouling aptasensor for the detection of adenosine triphosphate in biological media based on mixed self-assembled aptamer and zwitterionic peptide.

Direct detection of targets in complex biological media with conventional biosensors is an enormous challenge due to the nonspecific adsorption and severe biofouling. In this work, a facile strategy for sensitive and low fouling detection of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is developed through the construction of a mixed self-assembled biosensing interface, which was composed of zwitterionic peptide (antifouling material) and ATP aptamer (bio-recognition element). The peptide and aptamer (both containing thiol groups) were simultaneously self-assembled onto gold electrode surface electrodeposited with gold nanoparticles.

Mixed Self-Assembly of Polyethylene Glycol and Aptamer on Polydopamine Surface for Highly Sensitive and Low-Fouling Detection of Adenosine Triphosphate in Complex Media.

Detection of disease biomarkers within complex biological media is a substantial outstanding challenge because of severe biofouling and nonspecific adsorptions. Herein, a reliable strategy for sensitive and low-fouling detection of a biomarker, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in biological samples was developed through the formation of a mixed self-assembled sensing interface, which was constructed by simultaneously self-assembling polyethylene glycol (PEG) and ATP aptamer onto the self-polymerized polydopamine-modified electrode surface. The developed aptasensor exhibited high selectivity and sensitivity toward the detection of ATP, and the linear range was 0.

Fabrication of AlGaN nanorods with different Al compositions for emission enhancement in UV range.

Highly ordered AlGaN nanorods with varied aluminum alloy compositions (0.18 ≤ x ≤ 0.8) are fabricated with nanoimprint lithography and top-down dry etching techniques.