From Doubt to Confidence-Overcoming Fraudulent Submissions by Bots and Other Takers of a Web-Based Survey.

In 2019, we launched a web-based longitudinal survey of adults who frequently use e-cigarettes, called the Vaping and Patterns of E-cigarette Use Research (VAPER) Study. The initial attempt to collect survey data failed due to fraudulent survey submissions, likely submitted by survey bots and other survey takers. This paper chronicles the journey from that setback to the successful completion of 5 waves of data collection.

Is Maintenance or Switching Between Freebase and Nicotine Salt Liquid Associated with Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Dependence?

Background: Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) use one of two formulations of nicotine-freebase or nicotine salt. This study examines whether maintenance or switching between nicotine formulations is associated with ENDS dependence using longitudinal survey data.

Methods: 543 U.

Reasons for continued usage of ENDS: Differences by device and liquid characteristics among US adults.

Introduction: Motivations for using electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) include quitting or reducing cigarette smoking, flavor, and addiction. This study examines whether the primary reason for continued ENDS usage changes over time, and its association with device and liquid characteristics.

Methods: Data are from a longitudinal cohort study and include 526 US adults (≥21 years) using ENDS frequently (≥5 days/week) as self-reported, and uploaded photos of their most used ENDS devices and liquids and self-reported primary reason for continued ENDS usage in wave 2 (December 2020-April 2021) and wave 5 (February-April 2023).

Changes in Compliance With Bans on Tobacco Product Display and Advertising at Traditional and Modern Point-of-Sale Retailers in Depok, Indonesia, 2019-2021.

Introduction: Banning Point-of-Sale (POS) advertising and product display is an important tobacco control strategy. Depok, Indonesia enacted some regional tobacco control policies regulating the POS environment in 2021. This study examined changes in compliance before and after the implementation of these policies as of 2021.

Decisions of the FDA on premarket tobacco product applications: Changes in the number of unique devices and liquids used by US adults who frequently use electronic nicotine delivery systems, 2020-2023.

Introduction: The majority of decisions on electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) premarket tobacco product applications (PMTAs) were made from October 2020 to February 2023; 99% (>25 million) had determinations by March 2023 and just twenty-three received marketing granted orders. We examined the unique devices and liquids used among US adults frequently using ENDS before, during, and after a majority of PMTA decisions were made.

Methods: Data are from waves 1-5 (W1: May-Oct 2020, n=1179; W5: Feb-Apr 2023, n=1290) of a longitudinal survey of US adults (≥21 years) using ENDS ≥5 days/week.

Heterogeneity in sociodemographic characteristics of people who use different ENDS devices.

Background: The electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) market is heterogeneous with a wide variety of devices and liquids available to consumers. People with distinct sociodemographic characteristics may have different ENDS device and liquid preferences.

Methods: 1290 U.

Association Between Secondhand Smoke Exposure Among Women and the Implementation of Tobacco Control Measures on Campus: A Cross-Sectional Study in 50 Universities Across China.

Introduction: Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) among women is prevalent in China which increases their risk of developing a wide range of diseases and can affect their susceptibility to adverse reproductive health effects. This study aims to examine the association between SHS exposure among women and the adoption and implementation of tobacco control measures on campus in China.

Aims And Methods: 7469 female college students who have never smoked were recruited from 50 universities across China using a multistage sampling technique.

Exploring Different Incentive Structures Among US Adults Who Use e-Cigarettes to Optimize Retention in Longitudinal Web-Based Surveys: Case Study.

Background: Longitudinal cohort studies are critical for understanding the evolution of health-influencing behaviors, such as e-cigarette use, over time. Optimizing follow-up rates in longitudinal studies is necessary for ensuring high-quality data with sufficient power for analyses. However, achieving high rates of follow-up in web-based longitudinal studies can be challenging, even when monetary incentives are provided.

Transitions in device and liquid characteristic groupings among US adults frequently using electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) over three timepoints, 2020-2021.

Introduction: Electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) and liquid characteristics affect nicotine and toxicant exposure and use behaviors. Little is known about how adults who frequently use ENDS transition between ENDS device/liquid groupings.

Methods: A total of 379 US adults (≥21 years) using ENDS frequently (≥5 days/week) self-reported and uploaded photos of their most used ENDS device and liquid in three waves of online surveys (May 2020 - November 2021).

Exposure to and Appeal of Tobacco Ads and Displays in China: A Qualitative Exploration of Chinese Youth Perceptions.

Introduction: Adolescents are uniquely vulnerable to nicotine addiction, and smoking is common among male adolescents in China. Although China implemented a ban on cigarette and e-cigarette advertising in public places, Chinese youth remain exposed to this marketing, which may contribute to future use.

Aims And Methods: From December 2021 to January 2022, we conducted 20 online focus group discussions with 119 adolescents in 10 Chinese cities to explore sources of tobacco marketing exposure, defined as exposure to cigarette and e-cigarette ads and product displays, and what features made marketing attractive.

The association between viewing cigarette health warning labels and intention to quit smoking among Chinese adult smokers: support for including health outcome content and culturally specific messages.

Background: Tailored themes of pictorial health warning labels (HWLs) that considers specific cultural dimensions and within a specific policy/historical context can motivate behavior change, such as provoking smokers to think about quitting. Currently in China, the HWLs on cigarettes are text-only. This study designed pictorial HWLs using different themes to explore and examine the association between viewing pictorial HWLs and participants' intention to quit smoking.

Device and liquid characteristics used with sweet, menthol/mint, and tobacco ENDS liquid flavors: The population-based VAPER study.

Introduction: Electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) device and liquid characteristics (e.g., wattage, nicotine concentration) are diverse and important in determining product appeal, aerosol volume/nicotine levels, and toxicity.

The Vaping and Patterns of e-Cigarette Use Research Study: Protocol for a Web-Based Cohort Study.

Background: In total, 3.2% of American adults report using e-cigarettes every day or some days. The Vaping and Patterns of E-cigarette Use Research (VAPER) Study is a web-based longitudinal survey designed to observe patterns in device and liquid use that suggest the benefits and unintended consequences of potential e-cigarette regulations.

Combinations of electronic nicotine delivery system device and liquid characteristics among U.S. adults.

Introduction: The combination of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) device and liquid characteristics affect user nicotine and toxicant exposure, however population-level national survey studies have not reported device and liquid features jointly nor in detail. We examined combinations of characteristics of devices and liquids used by adult ENDS users.

Methods: U.

Tobacco retailers around schools in 10 cities across China.

Objective: This study explored the nature and extent of tobacco product availability at retailers near junior, senior and vocational high schools in rural and urban areas in 10 cities across China, including Shanghai, Beijing, Guangzhou, Chongqing, Shenyang, Jinan, Kunming, Guilin, Kaifeng and Baiyin.

Methods: Tobacco sales at 1612 retailers around 904 schools (within 100 m for urban schools and within 250 m for rural schools) were observed by trained data collectors with an online observation form in 2021. Multistage sampling with simple random sampling at each stage was used to select schools from the city district-level/rural county-level divisions.

Agreement Between Self-reports and Photos to Assess e-Cigarette Device and Liquid Characteristics in Wave 1 of the Vaping and Patterns of e-Cigarette Use Research Study: Web-Based Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Background: e-Cigarette device and liquid characteristics are highly customizable; these characteristics impact nicotine delivery and exposure to toxic constituents. It is critical to understand optimal methods for measuring these characteristics to accurately assess their impacts on user behavior and health.

Objective: To inform future survey development, we assessed the agreement between responses from survey participants (self-reports) and photos uploaded by participants and the quantity of usable data derived from each approach.

Disparities in self-reported exposure to tobacco marketing among youth and young adults from low-socioeconomic status neighbourhoods in Mexico City.

Exposure to tobacco marketing is positively associated with smoking initiation and behaviours. There is limited literature examining disparities among reported exposure in low- and middle-income countries. This study sought to fill this gap with a survey among 1427 adolescents and 889 adult smokers in Mexico City in 2020.

Perceived effectiveness of four different cigarette health warning label themes among a sample of urban smokers and non-smokers in China.

Objective: This study, conducted in China, evaluated the effectiveness of four different themes of health warning labels (HWLs) that used both text and pictures: (1) self-harm from using cigarettes, (2) harming family or children with secondhand smoke, (3) reinforcing compliance with existing smoke-free policies and (4) anticigarette gift giving practices.

Methods: A cross-sectional randomised experimental survey was conducted among 3247 adult (aged 18+ years) participants in Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen in 2017, using quotas for age group, gender and smoking status. Participants were randomly assigned to one of the four HWL themes.