SIGLEC15, negatively correlated with PD-L1 in HCC, could induce CD8+ T cell apoptosis to promote immune evasion.

Functional roles of SIGLEC15 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were not clear, which was recently found to be an immune inhibitor with similar structure of inhibitory B7 family members. SIGLEC15 expression in HCC was explored in public databases and further examined by PCR analysis. SIGLEC15 and PD-L1 expression patterns were examined in HCC samples through immunohistochemistry.

CRKL dictates anti-PD-1 resistance by mediating tumor-associated neutrophil infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background & Aims: The effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is limited by treatment resistance. However, the mechanisms underlying immunotherapy resistance remain elusive. We aimed to identify the role of CT10 regulator of kinase-like (CRKL) in resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy in HCC.

promotes colorectal cancer liver metastasis by enhancing the growth of metastatic cancer cells via a fatty acids-dependent manner.

Background: Liver metastasis (LM) accounts for most colorectal cancer (CRC)-related deaths. However, how metastatic CRC cells gain the ability to survive and grow in liver remains largely unknown.

Methods: First, we screened differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between LM and paired primary tumors (PTs) in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and identified cytochrome P450 1B1 ( as the only common differential gene.

Robotic versus open surgery for simultaneous resection of rectal cancer and liver metastases: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the short-term and long-term outcomes between robotic-assisted simultaneous resection and open surgery in patients with rectal cancer and liver metastases.

Background: Open simultaneous resection of colorectal cancer and synchronous liver metastases is widely performed and the potential cure for eligible patients. However, the feasibility of robotic simultaneous resection of primary and secondary liver lesions has not been established as a treatment option for metastatic rectal cancer.

Impact of Surgical Management for Relapse After Conversion Hepatectomy for Initially Unresectable Colorectal Liver Metastasis: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: For patients with initially unresectable colorectal liver metastasis (IU-CRLM) receiving conversion therapy, disease relapse after conversion hepatectomy is common. However, few studies have focused on the assessment and management of relapse following conversion hepatectomy for IU-CRLM.

Methods: In the retrospective cohort study, 255 patients with IU-CRLM received conversion therapy and underwent subsequent R0 resection.

Anatomical resection improves relapse-free survival in colorectal liver metastases in patients with KRAS/NRAS/BRAF mutations or right-sided colon cancer: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: The type of liver resection (anatomical resection, AR or non-anatomical resection, NAR) for colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) is subject to debate. The debate may persist because some prognostic factors, associated with aggressive tumor biological behavior, have been overlooked.

Objective: Our study aimed to investigate the characteristics of patients who would benefit more from anatomical resection for CRLM.

Whole-exome sequencing reveals the metastatic potential of hepatocellular carcinoma from the perspective of tumor and circulating tumor DNA.

Background: Relapse of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) due to vascular invasion is common, but the genomic mechanisms remain unclear, and molecular determinants of high-risk relapse cases are lacking. We aimed to reveal the evolutionary trajectory of microvascular invasion (MVI) and develop a predictive signature for relapse in HCC.

Methods: Whole-exome sequencing was performed on tumor and peritumor tissues, portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT), and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) to compare the genomic profiles between 5 HCC patients with MVI and 5 patients without MVI.

Complement C5 is a novel biomarker for liver metastasis of colorectal cancer.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prominent malignant diseases, with a high incidence and a dismal prognosis. Metastasis to the liver is the leading cause of death in CRC patients. This study aimed to identify accurate metastatic biomarkers of CRC and investigate the potential molecular mechanisms of liver metastasis of colorectal cancer (LMCRC).

A Novel mRNA Signature Related to Immunity to Predict Survival and Immunotherapy Response in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background And Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer and the incidence and mortality rates are increasing. Given the limited treatments of HCC and promising application of immunotherapy for cancer, we aimed to identify an immune-related prognostic signature that can predict overall survival (OS) rates and immunotherapy response in HCC.

Methods: The initial signature development was conducted using a training dataset from the Cancer Genome Atlas followed by independent internal and external validations from that resource and the Gene Expression Omnibus.

GTPBP4 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression and metastasis via the PKM2 dependent glucose metabolism.

Guanosine triphosphate binding protein 4 (GTPBP4) is a key regulator of cell cycle progression and MAPK activation. However, how its biological properties intersect with cellular metabolism in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development remains poorly unexplained. Here, high GTPBP4 expression is found to be significantly associated with worse clinical outcomes in patients with HCC.

Perioperative and oncologic outcomes of laparoscopic versus open liver resection for combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma: a propensity score matching analysis.

Background: Laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) has now been established as a safe and minimally invasive technique that is deemed feasible for treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). However, the role of LLR in treating combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CC) patients has been rarely reported. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of LLR when compared with open liver resection (OLR) procedure for patients with cHCC-CC.

Case report: immunotherapy successfully treated brain metastasis in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and literature review.

Brain metastasis from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is extremely rare, and no standard therapeutic strategy has been established. Camrelizumab is a programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitor that has been widely studied in treating liver cancer. Combined immunotherapy and targeted therapy are a promising approach for treating advanced iCCA.

Tumor-derived PD1 and PD-L1 could promote hepatocellular carcinoma growth through autophagy induction in vitro.

Backgrounds: Autophagy in tumor was also found to influence immune microenvironment. The relation between autophagy and cancer intrinsic PD1 and PD-L1 expression was not clear.

Methods: With data from TCGA and GTEx databases, mRNA expression levels of autophagy-related genes were compared between tumor samples and normal tissues, which were also correlated with survival status.

PARG inhibition limits HCC progression and potentiates the efficacy of immune checkpoint therapy.

Background & Aims: Although the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been revolutionized by the advent of effective systemic therapies, the prognosis of patients with HCC remains dismal. Herein, we examined the pathophysiological role of PARG and assessed the utility of targeting dePARylation for HCC therapy.

Methods: The oncogenic function of PARG was evaluated in 2 orthotopic xenograft models and a Parg mice model.

PNOC Expressed by B Cells in Cholangiocarcinoma Was Survival Related and LAIR2 Could Be a T Cell Exhaustion Biomarker in Tumor Microenvironment: Characterization of Immune Microenvironment Combining Single-Cell and Bulk Sequencing Technology.

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma was a highly malignant liver cancer with poor prognosis, and immune infiltration status was considered an important factor in response to immunotherapy. In this investigation, we tried to locate immune infiltration related genes of cholangiocarcinoma through combination of bulk-sequencing and single-cell sequencing technology.

Methods: Single sample gene set enrichment analysis was used to annotate immune infiltration status in datasets of TCGA CHOL, GSE32225, and GSE26566.

High serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase concentration associates with poor postoperative prognosis of patients with hepatitis B virus-associated intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) caused by chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has become prominent. Prospectively stratifying postoperative risk factors is a challenging task.

Methods: We retrospectively assessed the relationship between serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) concentration and postoperative outcomes in 107 subjects with HBV-associated ICC.

GOLM1 upregulates expression of PD-L1 through EGFR/STAT3 pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma.

GOLM1, a type II transmembrane protein, is associated with tumor progression, metastasis and immunosuppression. However, the relationship between GOLM1 and the immunosuppressive molecule PD-L1 in HCC remains largely unclear. Here, we revealed that GOLM1 acts as a novel positive regulator of PD-L1, whose abnormal expression plays a crucial role in cancer immune evasion and progression.

Tumor Derived SIGLEC Family Genes May Play Roles in Tumor Genesis, Progression, and Immune Microenvironment Regulation.

Background: SIGLEC family genes can also be expressed on tumor cells in different cancer types, and though it has been found that SIGLEC genes expressed by immune cells can be exploited by tumors to escape immune surveillance, functions of tumor derived SIGLEC expression in tumor microenvironment (TME) were barely investigated, which could play roles in cancer patients' survival.

Methods: Using bioinformatic analysis, mutation status of SIGLEC family genes was explored through the cBioPortal database, and expression of them in different tumors was explored through the UALCAN database. The GEPIA database was used to compare SIGLEC family genes' mRNA between cancers and to generate a highly correlated gene list in tumors.

Adjuvant apatinib treatment after resection of hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombosis: a phase II trial.

Background: Survival after resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) still remains poor. Apatinib, a vascular endothelial cell growth factor receptor 2 inhibitor, has been shown to be safe and effective in patients with advanced HCC, so in the present study its efficacy and safety in the adjuvant setting was explored.

Methods: In this single-center, open-label phase II trial, the patients received apatinib (500 mg/day) until they experienced disease recurrence or intolerable toxicity.

Bevacizumab Plus mFOLFOX6 Versus mFOLFOX6 Alone as First-Line Treatment for Mutant Unresectable Colorectal Liver-Limited Metastases: The BECOME Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: To assess the effects of bevacizumab plus modified fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (mFOLFOX6) as first-line treatment of mutant unresectable colorectal liver metastases.

Methods: From October 2013 to December 2017, patients with mutant unresectable liver-limited metastases from colorectal cancer were randomly assigned to receive mFOLFOX6 plus bevacizumab (arm A) or mFOLFOX6 alone (arm B). The resectability of liver metastases was determined by a local multidisciplinary team.

KDM5C Represses FASN-Mediated Lipid Metabolism to Exert Tumor Suppressor Activity in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma.

KDM5C is a histone H3K4-specific demethylase, which has multiple biological functions during development and disease. However, the role of KDM5C in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) remains unknown. Expression levels of KDM5C in ICC patients were determined by qRT-PCR, western blotting and immunohistochemical assay.

Recent advances of GOLM1 in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common liver malignancies and is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Most HCC patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage and current treatments show poor therapeutic efficacy. It is particularly urgent to explore early diagnosis methods and effective treatments of HCC.