Aging drives cerebrovascular network remodeling and functional changes in the mouse brain.

Aging is frequently associated with compromised cerebrovasculature and pericytes. However, we do not know how normal aging differentially impacts vascular structure and function in different brain areas. Here we utilize mesoscale microscopy methods and in vivo imaging to determine detailed changes in aged murine cerebrovascular networks.

4'-O-methylbavachalcone alleviates ischemic stroke injury by inhibiting parthanatos and promoting SIRT3.

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) can induce massive death of ischemic penumbra neurons via oxygen burst, exacerbating brain damage. Parthanatos is a form of caspase-independent cell death involving excessive activation of PARP-1, closely associated with intense oxidative stress following CIRI. 4'-O-methylbavachalcone (MeBavaC), an isoprenylated chalcone component in Fructus Psoraleae, has potential neuroprotective effects.

Arousal state transitions occlude sensory-evoked neurovascular coupling in neonatal mice.

In the adult sensory cortex, increases in neural activity elicited by sensory stimulation usually drive vasodilation mediated by neurovascular coupling. However, whether neurovascular coupling is the same in neonatal animals as adults is controversial, as both canonical and inverted responses have been observed. We investigated the nature of neurovascular coupling in unanesthetized neonatal mice using optical imaging, electrophysiology, and BOLD fMRI.

Early prediction of remaining useful life for lithium-ion batteries based on CEEMDAN-transformer-DNN hybrid model.

A reliable and safe energy storage system utilizing lithium-ion batteries relies on the early prediction of remaining useful life (RUL). Despite this, accurate capacity prediction can be challenging if little historical capacity data is available due to the capacity regeneration and the complexity of capacity degradation over multiple time scales. In this study, data decomposition, transformers, and deep neural networks (DNNs) are combined to develop a model of RUL prediction for lithium-ion batteries.

Aging drives cerebrovascular network remodeling and functional changes in the mouse brain.

Aging is the largest risk factor for neurodegenerative disorders, and commonly associated with compromised cerebrovasculature and pericytes. However, we do not know how normal aging differentially impacts the vascular structure and function in different brain areas. Here we utilize mesoscale microscopy methods (serial two-photon tomography and light sheet microscopy) and imaging (wide field optical spectroscopy and two-photon imaging) to determine detailed changes in aged cerebrovascular networks.

Arousal state transitions occlude sensory-evoked neurovascular coupling in neonatal mice.

Unlabelled: In the adult sensory cortex, increases in neural activity elicited by sensory stimulation usually drives vasodilation mediated by neurovascular coupling. However, whether neurovascular coupling is the same in neonatal animals as adults is controversial, as both canonical and inverted responses have been observed. We investigated the nature of neurovascular coupling in unanesthetized neonatal mice using optical imaging, electrophysiology, and BOLD fMRI.

Could respiration-driven blood oxygen changes modulate neural activity?

Oxygen is critical for neural metabolism, but under most physiological conditions, oxygen levels in the brain are far more than are required. Oxygen levels can be dynamically increased by increases in respiration rate that are tied to the arousal state of the brain and cognition, and not necessarily linked to exertion by the body. Why these changes in respiration occur when oxygen is already adequate has been a long-standing puzzle.

Quantitative relationship between cerebrovascular network and neuronal cell types in mice.

The cerebrovasculature and its mural cells must meet brain regional energy demands, but how their spatial relationship with different neuronal cell types varies across the brain remains largely unknown. Here we apply brain-wide mapping methods to comprehensively define the quantitative relationships between the cerebrovasculature, capillary pericytes, and glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons, including neuronal nitric oxide synthase-positive (nNOS) neurons and their subtypes in adult mice. Our results show high densities of vasculature with high fluid conductance and capillary pericytes in primary motor sensory cortices compared with association cortices that show significant positive and negative correlations with energy-demanding parvalbumin and vasomotor nNOS neurons, respectively.

Behavioral and physiological monitoring for awake neurovascular coupling experiments: a how-to guide.

Functional brain imaging in awake animal models is a popular and powerful technique that allows the investigation of neurovascular coupling (NVC) under physiological conditions. However, ubiquitous facial and body motions (fidgeting) are prime drivers of spontaneous fluctuations in neural and hemodynamic signals. During periods without movement, animals can rapidly transition into sleep, and the hemodynamic signals tied to arousal state changes can be several times larger than sensory-evoked responses.

Role of the renin-angiotensin system in NETosis in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Myocardial infarction and stroke are the leading causes of death in the world. Numerous evidence has confirmed that hypertension promotes thrombosis and induces myocardial infarction and stroke. Recent findings reveal that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are involved in the induction of myocardial infarction and stroke.

lncRNA RMRP predicts poor prognosis and mediates tumor progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by regulating miR-613/ neuropilin 2 (NRP2) axis.

The RNA component of mitochondrial RNA processing endoribonuclease (RMRP) has been reported to play a role in the development of various human diseases. The clinical significance and biological function of RMRP in the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and the potential mechanism were investigated in this study.A total of 118 ESCC patients were included in this study.

Origins of 1/f-like tissue oxygenation fluctuations in the murine cortex.

The concentration of oxygen in the brain spontaneously fluctuates, and the distribution of power in these fluctuations has a 1/f-like spectra, where the power present at low frequencies of the power spectrum is orders of magnitude higher than at higher frequencies. Though these oscillations have been interpreted as being driven by neural activity, the origin of these 1/f-like oscillations is not well understood. Here, to gain insight of the origin of the 1/f-like oxygen fluctuations, we investigated the dynamics of tissue oxygenation and neural activity in awake behaving mice.

The function of miR-637 in non-small cell lung cancer progression and prognosis.

Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer with a high mortality rate and poor prognosis. miR-637 has been reported to regulate tumor progression and act as a prognosis biomarker of various cancers. Its functional role in NSCLC was investigated in this study.

Modified technique of closing the port site after multiport thoracoscopic surgery using the shingled suture technique: a single centre experience.

Background: Due to improvements in operative techniques and medical equipment, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery has become a mainstay of thoracic surgery. Nevertheless, in multiport thoracoscopic surgery, there have been no substantial advances related to the improvement of the esthetics of the site of the chest tube kept for postoperative drainage of intrathoracic fluid and decompression of air leak after thoracoscopic surgery. Leakage of fluid and air around the site of the chest tube can be extremely bothersome to patients.

Long non-coding RNA KCNQ1 overlapping transcript 1 promotes the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by adsorbing microRNA-133b.

Objective: The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) KCNQ1 overlapping transcript 1 (KCNQ1OT1) exerts vital regulatory functions in diverse tumors. However, the biological function of KCNQ1OT1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear.

Methods: KCNQ1OT1 expression was detected in ESCC tissues using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).

[Proteomics analysis of erythrocyte membrane in rats with high altitude polycythemia before and after intervention with salidroside].

To investigate the effect of salidroside on the proteomics of erythrocyte membrane in high altitude erythrocytosis(HAPC) rats, in order to explore the mechanism of salidroside in improving HAPC based on the proteomics analysis. First, HPAC rat models were established, and 16 rats were randomly divided into HAPC model group and salidroside(100 mg·kg~(-1)) treatment group(8 rats per group). Saline was administered to the HAPC model group, while salidroside treatment group was given 100 mg·kg~(-1) salidroside once a day.

Patterns of recurrence in adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction: a retrospective study.

Background: The prognosis of adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG) is poor. Understanding the postoperative recurrence pattern of AEG is helpful to verify the effectiveness of treatment and optimize subsequent treatment, so as to improve prognosis.

Methods: This single-center retrospective study included patients with stage III AEG who underwent surgical treatment between January 2009 and December 2016.

Semaphorin 3F Serves as a Tumor Suppressor in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and is Associated With Lymph Node Metastasis in Disease Progression.

Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is one of the leading aggressive malignancies with high mortality. Semaphorin 3F has been reported to be involved in lymphangiogenesis by interacting the vascular endothelial growth factor C/neuropilin 2 axis. This study aimed to assess the clinical and functional role of semaphorin 3F and preliminarily evaluate the relationship between semaphorin 3F and lymph node metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Cerebral oxygenation during locomotion is modulated by respiration.

In the brain, increased neural activity is correlated with increases of cerebral blood flow and tissue oxygenation. However, how cerebral oxygen dynamics are controlled in the behaving animal remains unclear. We investigated to what extent cerebral oxygenation varies during locomotion.

Anatomical basis and physiological role of cerebrospinal fluid transport through the murine cribriform plate.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flows through the brain, transporting chemical signals and removing waste. CSF production in the brain is balanced by a constant outflow of CSF, the anatomical basis of which is poorly understood. Here, we characterized the anatomy and physiological function of the CSF outflow pathway along the olfactory sensory nerves through the cribriform plate, and into the nasal epithelia.

Twitches, Blinks, and Fidgets: Important Generators of Ongoing Neural Activity.

Animals and humans continuously engage in small, spontaneous motor actions, such as blinking, whisking, and postural adjustments ("fidgeting"). These movements are accompanied by changes in neural activity in sensory and motor regions of the brain. The frequency of these motions varies in time, is affected by sensory stimuli, arousal levels, and pathology.

Weak correlations between hemodynamic signals and ongoing neural activity during the resting state.

Spontaneous fluctuations in hemodynamic signals in the absence of a task or overt stimulation are used to infer neural activity. We tested this coupling by simultaneously measuring neural activity and changes in cerebral blood volume (CBV) in the somatosensory cortex of awake, head-fixed mice during periods of true rest and during whisker stimulation and volitional whisking. We found that neurovascular coupling was similar across states and that large, spontaneous CBV changes in the absence of sensory input were driven by volitional whisker and body movements.

Body Size Predicts Cardiac and Vascular Resistance Effects on Men's and Women's Blood Pressure.

We report how blood pressure, cardiac output and vascular resistance are related to height, weight, body surface area (BSA), and body mass index (BMI) in healthy young adults at supine rest and standing.Much inter-subject variability in young adult's blood pressure, currently attributed to health status, may actually result from inter-individual body size differences.Each cardiovascular variable is linearly related to height, weight and/or BSA (more than to BMI).

Autonomic Cardiovascular Responses to Orthostatic Stress After a Short Artificial Gravity Exposure.

Background: Intermittent artificial gravity (AG) training over days and weeks has been shown to improve the human orthostatic tolerance limit (OTL) and improve cardiovascular regulation in response to orthostatic stress. Effects of a single AG exposure are currently unknown.

Methods: We tested cardiovascular responses to orthostatic stress in 16 hypovolemic subjects (9 men and 7 women), once following a single, short (∼90 min) bout of AG and once following a similar period of head-down bed rest (HDBR).