Kinematics and Flow Field Analysis of Flight.

In recent years, bioinspired insect flight has become a prominent research area, with a particular focus on beetle-inspired aerial vehicles. Studying the unique flight mechanisms and structural characteristics of beetles has significant implications for the optimization of biomimetic flying devices. Among beetles, (rhinoceros beetle) exhibits a distinct wing deployment-flight-retraction sequence, whereby the interaction between the hindwings and protective elytra contributes to lift generation and maintenance.

Interleg coordination in free-walking bug Erthesina fullo (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae).

Insects can adapt their walking patterns to complex and varied environments and retain the ability to walk even after significant changes in their physical attributes, such as amputation. Although the interleg coordination of intact insects has been widely described in previous studies, the adaptive walking patterns in free-walking insects with amputation of 1 or more legs are still unclear. The pentatomid bug Erthesina fullo exhibits a tripod gait, when walking freely on horizontal substrates, like many other insects.

A Novel Wheel-Legged Hexapod Robot.

Traditional mobile robots are mainly divided into wheeled robots and legged robots. They have good performance at fast-moving speeds and crossing obstacles, and weak terrain adaptability and moving speeds, respectively. Combining the advantages of these two types mentioned, a multi-functional wheel-legged hexapod robot with strong climbing capacity was designed in this paper.

The forewing of a black cicada Cryptotympana atrata (Hemiptera, Homoptera: Cicadidae): Microscopic structures and mechanical properties.

Insects in nature flap their wings to generate lift force and driving torque to adjust their attitude and control stability. An insect wing is a biomaterial composed of flexible membranes and tough veins. In this paper, we study the microscopic structures and mechanical properties of the forewing of the black cicada, Cryptotympana atrata.

Angular variables of climbing geckos in two lateral undulation patterns.

Geckos demonstrate flexible and agile locomotion on diverse terrains and surfaces. The lateral undulation pattern referring to the trunk-limbs coordination gives animals advantages in terms of motion speed, dynamical stability, and highly efficient movement. Quantitative analysis of the angular variables of the trunk and limbs was proposed to compare the kinematics of Gekko gecko on the vertical plane in the standing wave and traveling wave of lateral undulation patterns.