Serum phosphorus concentration and its association with the degree and pattern of intracranial arterial calcification.

Background And Aim: The aim of this study was to determine whether the serum phosphorus concentrations (SPC) are associated with the degree and pattern of intracranial arterial calcification (IAC) in patients with normal renal function or mild-moderate renal impairment.

Methods And Results: A total of 513 patients were enrolled in this study. The degree of IAC measured by IAC scores was evaluated on non-contrast head computed tomography (CT) images and IAC was classified as intimal or medial calcification.

Higher critical closing pressure is independently associated with enlarged basal ganglia perivascular spaces.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the association between cerebral hemodynamic parameters focused on the critical closing pressure (CCP) and enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS).

Methods: Cerebral blood velocity in the middle cerebral artery (MCAv) and non-invasive continuous blood pressure (NIBP) were measured using a transcranial Doppler (TCD) and Finometer, followed by the calculation of cerebral hemodynamic parameters including CCP, resistance area product (RAP), pulsatility index (PI), and pulse pressure (PP). EPVS were graded separately in the basal ganglia (BG) and centrum semiovale (CSO), using a visual semiquantitative ordinal scale.

Sympathetic skin response for early detection of type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy and nephropathy.

Background: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and diabetic nephropathy (DN) are common complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Although nerve conduction studies (NCS) and sympathetic skin response (SSR) can detect DPN, the more sensitive method for early diagnosis remains unclear. Furthermore, whether DPN can be used as a predictor for diabetic nephropathy needs clarification.

Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity is associated with intracranial artery calcification in acute stroke patients.

Background: Intracranial artery calcification (IAC) is closely associated with cerebrovascular disease. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is a noninvasive method for estimating arterial stiffness, which reflects the stiffness of peripheral arteries. This study aimed to examine the association of baPWV with the presence and degree of IAC in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Critical closing pressure as a new hemodynamic marker of cerebral small vessel diseases burden.

Purpose: To investigate cerebrovascular hemodynamics, including critical closing pressure (CrCP) and pulsatility index (PI), and their independent relationship with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) burden in patients with small-vessel occlusion (SVO).

Methods: We recruited consecutive patients with SVO of acute cerebral infarction who underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), transcranial Doppler (TCD) and CrCP during admission. Cerebrovascular hemodynamics were assessed using TCD.

Cerebral Arterial Stiffness as Measured Based on the Pulse Wave Velocity is Associated With Intracranial Artery Calcification in Patients With Acute Stroke.

Background And Purpose: By measuring a newly defined parameter, the carotid-cerebral pulse wave velocity (ccPWV), this study aimed to determine the association of intracranial artery calcification (IAC) with arterial stiffness as reflected by the pulse wave velocity between the carotid and middle cerebral arteries using transcranial Doppler sonography in patients with acute stroke.

Methods: We recruited 146 patients with ischemic stroke from our stroke center. Computed tomography of the head was used to assess the presence and severity of IAC.

Estimation of critical closing pressure using intravascular blood pressure of the common carotid artery.

Purpose: Radial artery, femoral artery, and aortic arterial blood pressures (ABPs) can be used to estimate cerebral critical closing pressure (CrCP) and resistance-area product (RAP). However, the use of the common carotid artery (CCA) intravascular blood pressure to estimate CrCP is unclear. Thus, using continuous ABP monitoring, we compared the CrCP and RAP estimated from CCA measurements with the corresponding values acquired from the radial artery.

Current Status of Endovascular Treatment for Acute Large Vessel Occlusion in China: A Real-World Nationwide Registry.

Background And Purpose: The benefit of endovascular treatment (EVT) for large vessel occlusion in clinical practice in developing countries like China needs to be confirmed. The aim of the study was to determine whether the benefit of EVT for acute ischemic stroke in randomized trials could be generalized to clinical practice in Chinese population.

Methods: We conducted a prospective registry of EVT at 111 centers in China.

Hyperhomocysteinemia Independently Associated with Adult Moyamoya Disease: Hospital Based Study of 237 Patients.

Aim: To clarify the risk factors for adult moyamoya disease (MMD) in patients from South China.

Material And Methods: We prospectively studied adult patients who were diagnosed angiographically with MMD. The demographic profiles, medical history and clinical characteristics were compared between adult MMD and non-MMD stroke patients.

L-3-n-Butylphthalide Effectively Improves the Glymphatic Clearance and Reduce Amyloid-β Deposition in Alzheimer's Transgenic Mice.

Amyloid-β (Aβ) deposit in the parenchyma is a major characteristic in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the impaired glymphatic clearance contributes to the Aβ accumulation. It was reported that L-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) showed the potential neuroprotective effect in the rodent models of AD. The effects of NBP on the glymphatic system were explored in this study.

Cerebral arterial stiffness for predicting functional outcome in acute ischemic stroke.

To assess the association between cerebral arterial stiffness measured using the carotid-cerebral pulse wave velocity (ccPWV) and the functional outcome after acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We prospectively studied 336 consecutive patients (mean age, 60.58 ± 9.

Association Between Carotid-Cerebral Pulse Wave Velocity and Acute Ischemic Stroke: Clinical Trial Protocol.

Background: Pulse wave velocity is commonly regarded as the most effective and noninvasive indicator for evaluating arterial stiffness, while increased arterial stiffness is known to be related to atherosclerosis, which has been proved to play a significant role on the onset of acute ischemic stroke. However, it is still only used in the assessment of central and peripheral arteries. Our previous studies have found that carotid-cerebral pulse wave velocity measured using transcranial Doppler may be a promising method for the assessment of human cerebral arterial stiffness.

Association of Cerebral Arterial Stiffness with Initial Severity in Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Aim: To evaluate the association between cerebral arterial stiffness, measured using carotid-cerebral pulse wave velocity (ccPWV), and the initial severity estimated by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) after acute ischemic stroke (AIS).

Methods: We prospectively studied 402 consecutive patients with first-ever acute cerebral infarction who underwent brain multimodal magnetic resonance, ccPWV, echocardiography, and carotid ultrasonography during the admission period. Their stroke subtypes were classified using the Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment classification.

miR-15b-5p targeting amyloid precursor protein is involved in the anti-amyloid eflect of curcumin in swAPP695-HEK293 cells.

Curcumin exerts a neuroprotective effect on Alzheimer's disease; however, it is not known whether microRNAs are involved in this protective effect. This study was conducted using swAPP695-HEK293 cells as an Alzheimer's disease cell model. swAPP695-HEK293 cells were treated with 0, 0.

Cerebral Arterial Stiffness as A New Marker of Early Stage Atherosclerosis of The Cerebral Large Artery in Acute Stroke.

Aim: Carotid-cerebral pulse wave velocity (ccPWV) reflects the segment (C-M segment) stiffness between the common carotid artery and ipsilateral middle cerebral artery. C-M segment atherosclerosis (CMSA) is regarded the most frequent cause of anterior circulation ischemic stroke. We aimed to evaluate the association of ccPWV with early stage CMSA in this study.

Liberating carotid arteries: measuring arterial pressure through femoral artery in mice.

Researches involving arterial pressure measurements in mice have primarily relied on carotid arterial catheterization. However, in some circumstances, measuring arterial pressure through the carotid arterial impairs accuracy. This study was aimed to evaluate whether femoral artery could displace carotid artery for the blood pressure (BP) measurements in mice.

Association between Cerebral Arterial Stiffness and Large Artery Atherosclerosis in Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Background And Purpose: Carotid-cerebral pulse wave velocity (ccPWV) reflects the segment (C-M segment) stiffness between common carotid artery and ipsilateral middle cerebral artery. The C-M segment atherosclerosis (CMSA) is regarded as a most frequent cause of anterior circulation ischemic stroke. We therefore, attempted to investigate the relationship between cerebral arterial stiffness and CMSA, and provide reliable data for the early diagnosis of CMSA.

Vascular endothelial growth factor aggravates cerebral ischemia and reperfusion-induced blood-brain-barrier disruption through regulating LOC102640519/HOXC13/ZO-1 signaling.

Background/objective: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been recognized to be a potential pharmaceutical target for treating ischemic stroke, but its severe side effects hinder its widely application. Here, the present study was designed to investigate the effects of VEGF on blood-brain-barrier (BBB) disruption and the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: A mouse model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was constructed and treated with or without VEGF.

Is Metabolic Syndrome Associated with the Risk of Recurrent Stroke: A Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies.

Background: The association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and recurrence of stroke remains unknown. We summarized the evidence by a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.

Methods: We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, and Google Scholar databases from their inception until July 2016 for cohort studies investigating this research question; relevant information was extracted by 2 independent investigators, and then aggregated using the random-effects meta-analysis approach.

Metabolic syndrome and stroke: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.

Background And Aim: The relationships between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and risk of incident stroke are inconsistent. We summarized the evidence by a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.

Methods And Results: We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, and Google Scholar databases from their inception until June 2016 for prospective cohort studies investigating this research question, relevant information was extracted by two independent investigators, and then aggregated using the fixed-effects models.

A New Method for Cerebral Arterial Stiffness by Measuring Pulse Wave Velocity Using Transcranial Doppler.

Aim: Pulse wave velocity (PWV) has been regarded as the "gold standard" measurement of arterial stiffness (AS), but it is still only used in the assessment of central and peripheral arteries. We constructed a new method to evaluate cerebral AS by measuring PWV using transcranial Doppler (TCD).

Methods: In all, 90 healthy subjects who received annual health screening were consecutively enrolled in this study between January 2011 and June 2013.

Clinical manifestations of neuromyelitis optica in male and female patients.

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a severe, idiopathic, immuno-mediated, inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. We examined the clinical features between male and female NMO patients, for which not much data exist. One hundred and eight Chinese Han patients with NMO were analysed retrospectively, all had been detected for the aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody using a cell-based assay.

Dynamic change in magnetic resonance imaging of patients with neuromyelitis optica.

Objective: To analyze changes in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of spinal cord lesions in neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and the correlation between segmental length of spinal cord lesions and expanded disability status scale (EDSS) scores.

Methods: Twenty-five patients with confirmed NMO were examined from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China. The information collected included their treatment, MRI, laboratory tests, and EDSS scores at different stages.

No Overlap among Serum GAD65, NMDAR and AQP4 Antibodies in Patients with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders.

Objective: To evaluate whether serum glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), N-methyl-D-aspartate-receptor (NMDAR), and aquaporin-4 (AQP4) autoantibodies coexist in patients with neuromyelitis optica (NMO)/NMO spectrum disorders (NMOSD).

Methods: Serum samples were collected from 98 patients with NMO/NMOSD. Serum GAD65, NMDAR and AQP4 antibodies were measured using a cell-based assay.

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion in patients with aquaporin-4 antibody.

The objective of this study was to analyze the frequency of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) in patients with positive aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibodies and evaluate the relationship between SIADH and hypothalamic lesions in patients with NMO and NMO spectrum disorder (NMOSD). AQP4 antibodies were tested by an indirect immunofluorescence assay employing HEK-293 cells transfected with recombinant human AQP4. Clinical data of patients were analyzed retrospectively.