Theoretical Evaluation of Highly Efficient Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia on InBi.

Electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate to ammonia has become a popular approach for wastewater treatment and ammonia production. However, the development of highly efficient electrocatalysts remains a great challenge. Herein, we systematically studied the potential of InBi for nitrate reduction to ammonia (NRA) based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

Formation-Damage Mechanism and Gel-Breaker-Free Drill-In Fluid for Carbonate Reservoir.

Abundant oil and gas reserves have been proved in carbonates, but formation damage affects their production. In this study, the characteristics and formation-damage mechanism of the carbonate reservoir formation of the MS Oilfield in the Middle East were analyzed-utilizing X-ray diffraction, a scanning electron microscope, slice identification, and mercury intrusion-and technical measures for preventing formation damage were proposed. An 'improved ideal filling for temporary plugging' theory was introduced, to design the particle size distribution of acid-soluble temporary plugging agents; a water-based drill-in fluid, which did not require gel-breaker treatment, was formed, and the properties of the drill-in fluid were tested.