SIRT5 participates in the suppressive tumor immune microenvironment of EGFR-mutant LUAD by regulating the succinylation of ACAT1.

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) exhibits a poor response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) by shaping a suppressive tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), which characters as lacking immune cell infiltration; however, the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. Here, we demonstrated that Sirtuin 5 (SIRT5), a member of the deacetylase SIRT family, functions as a desuccinylase of acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1) and enhances the enzymatic activity of ACAT1 to activate the NRF2 pathway, inhibiting the secretion of the chemokines CCL5 and CXCL10, which are important for recruiting CD8 T cells, thereby participating in the formation of an inhibitory TIME in -mutant LUAD. In conclusion, we propose that the combination of a SIRT5 inhibitor with ICIs therapy may be a promising therapeutic approach for patients with -mutant LUAD.

WNT5B promotes the malignant phenotype of non-small cell lung cancer via the FZD3-DVL3-RAC1-PCP-JNK pathway.

The WNT5B ligand regulates the non-canonical wingless-related integration site (WNT)-planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway. However, the detailed mechanism underlying the activity of WNT5B in the WNT-PCP pathway in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is unclear. In this study, we assessed the clinicopathological significance of WNT5B expression in NSCLC specimens.

LncRNA-PVT1 Inhibits Ferroptosis through Activating STAT3/GPX4 Axis to Promote Osteosarcoma Progression.

Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary malignant bone tumor in the pediatric and adolescent populations. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs), such as plasma-cytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1), have emerged as significant regulators of OS metastasis. Recent studies have indicated that activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling, which might be controlled by PVT1, inhibits ferroptosis to promote the malignant progression of cancer.

RUNX1 promotes proliferation and migration in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines via the mTOR pathway.

RUNX1, a member of the RUNX family of metazoan transcription factors, participates in the regulation of differentiation, proliferation, and other processes involved in growth and development. It also functions in the occurrence and development of tumors. However, the role and mechanism of action of RUNX1 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are not yet clear.

ZNF500 abolishes breast cancer proliferation and sensitizes chemotherapy by stabilizing P53 via competing with MDM2.

Zinc finger protein 500 (ZNF500) has an unknown expression pattern and biological function in human tissues. Our study revealed that the ZNF500 mRNA and protein levels were higher in breast cancer tissues than those in their normal counterparts. However, ZNF500 expression was negatively correlated with advanced TNM stage (p = 0.

PHF23 promotes NSCLC proliferation, metastasis, and chemoresistance via stabilization of ACTN4 and activation of the ERK pathway.

At present, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. Chemotherapy remains the standard treatment for NSCLC. However, the emergence of chemoresistance is one of the major obstacles to lung cancer treatment.

The Accurate Interpretation and Clinical Significance of Morphological Features of Fine Needle Aspiration Cells in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common malignant neoplasm of the thyroid gland; fine needle aspiration cytology is the most basic and reliable diagnostic method before PTC operation. However, it is not clear which cell morphological changes can be used as a reliable standard for the diagnosis of PTC. A retrospective analysis was performed on 337 patients with PTC confirmed by postoperative histology.

NtNCED3 regulates responses to phosphate deficiency and drought stress in Nicotiana tabacum.

Plants are sessile and encounter to abiotic environmental stressors, such as nutrient deficiency and drought stress. Identifying stress tolerance genes and their mechanisms is vital to ensuring plant survival. In this study, we characterized NCED3 in the tobacco plant Nicotiana tabacum, a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of abscisic acid that is widely involved in abiotic stress responses, using overexpression and RNA interference knockdown.

Autophagy inhibition and reactive oxygen species elimination by acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1 through fused in sarcoma protein to promote prostate cancer.

Background: Prostate cancer is a major health issue affecting the male population worldwide, and its etiology remains relatively unknown. As presented on the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis database, acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1) acts as a prostate cancer-promoting factor. ACAT1 expression in prostate cancer tissues is considerably higher than that in normal tissues, leading to a poor prognosis in patients with prostate cancer.

Case report: Intraoperative frozen section analysis of Thyroid paraganglioma.

Paraganglioma (PGL) is a neuroendocrine tumor that arises from the sympathetic or parasympathetic paraganglia. Primary thyroid PGL is extremely rare. PGL may be difficult to diagnose on frozen sections because its histopathological features, such as polygonal tumor cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm arranged irregularly, overlap with those of thyroid follicular adenoma.

Clear cell sarcoma of soft tissue with plasmacytoid morphology: A rare case report.

Rationale: Clear cell sarcoma of soft tissue (CCSST) is a rare malignant tumor that occurs in the extremities of young adults. CCSST has been documented to have atypical histopathological features, such as epidermotropism or myxoid differentiation, which may set pitfalls in the differential diagnosis. We report a case of CCSST with plasmacytoid morphology which has never been described.

HSF1 is a driver of leukemia stem cell self-renewal in acute myeloid leukemia.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is maintained by self-renewing leukemic stem cells (LSCs). A fundamental problem in treating AML is that conventional therapy fails to eliminate LSCs, which can reinitiate leukemia. Heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1), a central regulator of the stress response, has emerged as an important target in cancer therapy.

A detection panel of novel methylated DNA markers for malignant pleural effusion.

Background: Cytology remains the gold standard for the detection of malignant cells in pleural effusion. However, its sensitivity is limited. The aim of this study was to establish a novel panel of cancer-specific methylated genes for the differential diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion (MPE).

P130cas-FAK interaction is essential for YAP-mediated radioresistance of non-small cell lung cancer.

Based on the RNA-sequencing data, previous studies revealed that extracellular matrix receptor interaction and focal adhesion signaling pathways were enriched in radioresistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. As the principal members of these signaling pathways, recent studies showed that FAK controlled YAP's nuclear translocation and activation in response to mechanical activation. However, the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown.

ARHGEF40 promotes non-small cell lung cancer proliferation and invasion via the AKT-Wnt axis by binding to RhoA.

Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 40 (ARHGEF40) is a member of the Dbl-family of guanine nucleotide factor proteins. However, its expression pattern and biological function in malignant tumors, notably in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are currently unknown. The present study demonstrated that ARHGEF40 was highly expressed in NSCLC specimens and that its expression was significantly associated with advanced TNM stage (p < 0.

Rab22a Promotes Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma by Activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway.

Background: Rab22a is a member of the RAS superfamily, involved in early endosome formation and intracellular vesicle transport. Rab22a is significantly upregulated in a variety of malignant tumors. However, its function in thyroid cancer has never been addressed.

Diffuse midline glioma with H3-K27M mutation: A rare case with GFAP-positive anucleate whorled patterns.

Introduction: Diffuse midline glioma with H3-K27M mutation is an infiltrative high-grade glioma, with predominantly astrocytic differentiation.

Patient Concerns: A 54-year-old Chinese woman presented with memory loss for a month and walking instability for 15 days.

Diagnosis: Magnetic resonance imaging showed a mass shadow of isometric T1 and slightly longer T2 with mild mixed signals in the third ventricle of the suprasellar region.

KBTBD7 promotes non-small cell lung carcinoma progression by enhancing ubiquitin-dependent degradation of PTEN.

The Kelch repeat and BTB domain containing 7 (KBTBD7) was first cloned in 2010. Its function as a transcriptional activator and a substrate adaptor during the ubiquitination process was soon found. KBTBD7 was shown to be involved in excessive inflammation after myocardial infarction, brain development, and neurofibromin stability.

Rab22a promotes the proliferation, migration, and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma via up-regulating PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.

Rab22a, a member of the proto-oncogene RAS family, belongs to the Rab5 subfamily. It participates in early endosome formation and regulates vesicle trafficking. The relationship between Rab22a and tumorigenesis remains elusive.

LncRNA SLC16A1-AS1 regulates the miR-182/PDCD4 axis and inhibits the triple-negative breast cancer cell cycle.

Purpose: Although SLC16A1-AS1 is involved in lung cancer, its function in breast cancer is still elusive. We observed downregulation of SLC16A1-AS1 expression in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) by analyzing TCGA dataset. Therefore, we analyzed the function of SLC16A1-AS1 in TNBC.

Crosstalk between peripheral and the brain-resident immune components in epilepsy.

Epilepsy is one of the most common neurology diseases. It is characterized by recurrent, spontaneous seizures and accompanied by various comorbidities which can significantly affect a person's life. Accumulating evidence indicates an essential pathophysiological role for neuroinflammation in epilepsy, which involves activation of microglia and astrocytes, recruitment of peripheral leukocytes into the central nervous system, and release of some inflammatory mediators, including pro-inflammatory factors and anti-inflammatory cytokines.

TIFAB accelerates MLL-AF9-Induced acute myeloid leukemia through upregulation of HOXA9.

We previously showed stabilization of NIK-induced activation of NF-κB non-canonical signaling suppresses MLL-AF9-induced AML. In the current study, we demonstrate that deletion of NF-κB non-canonical RelB prevents the inhibitory effect of NIK stabilization in MLL-AF9 AML. Mechanistically, RelB suppresses its direct target, TIFAB, which is upregulated in human AML and correlates negatively with the survival of AML patients.

Analysis of Adjuvant Chemotherapy on Pathological Remission of Breast Cancer.

With the continuous development of the concept of diagnosis and treatment, the current industry's treatment model has developed into a multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment. That is, in view of the pathological characteristics and clinical stages of breast cancer, corresponding methods such as surgery, chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, radiotherapy, and biological targeted therapy are adopted to provide comprehensive treatment of patients with multiple disciplines. This paper combines experimental research to research and analyze the degree of pathological remission of breast cancer by adjuvant chemotherapy and combines investigation and analysis and group trials to study and explore the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy.