Crotonylation of GAPDH regulates human embryonic stem cell endodermal lineage differentiation and metabolic switch.

Background: Post-translational modifications of proteins are crucial to the regulation of their activity and function. As a newly discovered acylation modification, crotonylation of non-histone proteins remains largely unexplored, particularly in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs).

Methods: We investigated the role of crotonylation in hESC differentiation by introduce crotonate into the culture medium of GFP tagged LTR7 primed H9 cell and extended pluripotent stem cell lines.

The balance of acidity and redox capability over modified CeO catalyst for the selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH.

The effect of acidity and redox capability over sulfuric acid-modified CeO catalysts were studied for the selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH (NH-SCR). The deposition of sulfate significantly enhanced the catalytic performance over CeO. NO conversion over 4HSO/CeO at 230-440 °C was higher than 90%.

Density functional theory (DFT) and DRIFTS investigations of the formation and adsorption of enolic species on the Ag/Al2O3 surface.

Molecular structure and vibrational frequencies of the novel surface enolic species intermediate on Ag/Al2O3 have been investigated by means of density functional theory (DFT) calculations and in situ infrared spectroscopy. The geometrical structures and vibrational frequencies were obtained at the B3P86 levels of DFT and compared with the corresponding experimental values. Theoretical calculations show that the calculated IR spectra are in good agreement with the experimental spectroscopic results.

Theoretical and experimental study on formation and adsorption of enolic species on Ag-Pd/Al2O3 catalyst.

The formation and adsorption of enolic species on a palladium promoted Ag/Al2O3 catalyst (denoted Ag-Pd/Al2O3) during the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx by C3H6 has been studied by means of DRIFTS and density functional calculations. The structure of the enolic species adsorbed on Ag-Pd/Al2O3 catalyst has been established based on the in situ DRIFTS spectra and simulated results. The reaction mechanism from C3H6 to enolic species on Ag-Pd/Al2O3 catalyst was proposed and the hypothesis about the Pd promotion was discussed.