Facile Fabrication of Novel S-scheme AgPO/g-CN/Zeolite Photocatalyst for Boosting Photocatalytic Tetracycline Degradation and Hydrogen Production.

This study presents a novel ternary AgPO/g-CN/zeolite composite for photocatalytic H production and TC degradation through S-scheme electron transport. The S-scheme AgPO/g-CN heterojunction was successfully constructed on zeolite surface through calcination and precipitation processes. The results indicated that AgPO/g-CN/zeolite-50 % presented dramatically enhanced photocatalytic TC degradation performance, and the TC degradation efficiency was up to 92.

Effects of galactomannans of varied structural features on the functional characteristics and in vitro digestibility of wheat starch.

This study explores the effects of four natural galactomannans (GMs) with varying degrees of branching (fenugreek gum, guar gum, tara gum and locust bean gum) on the functional properties and in vitro digestibility of wheat starch (WS). Results from rapid viscosity analysis (RVA) and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) analysis revealed that GMs with lower branching degrees were correlated with higher paste viscosity, peak viscosity, and greater water-holding capacity in the WS-GM mixtures. Additionally, these lower branching GMs more effectively inhibited amylose leaching during starch gelatinization, leading to a softer gel texture and increased transparency of the mixtures.

Monascus pigments suppress fructose-mediated BSA glycation by trapping methylglyoxal and covalent binding to proteins.

In this study, four Monascus pigments (ankaflavin, AK; monascin MS; rubropunctatin, O; monascorubrin, O) were proved to exhibit considerable anti-glycation properties in bovine serum albumin (BSA)-fructose model. AK (40.62 %) and MS (48.

The galactomannan-EGCG physical complex: Effect of branching degree and molecular weight on structural and physiological properties.

Polysaccharides and polyphenols are bioactive components that co-exist in many plant foods. Their binary interaction in terms of the structure-function relationships, however, has not been well clarified. This study elucidated the correlation between the structural and physiological properties of galactomannan (GM) -catechin monomer complexes and GM with different branching or molecular weight (Mw).

The Formation of D-Allulose 3-Epimerase Hybrid Nanoflowers and Co-Immobilization on Resins for Improved Enzyme Activity, Stability, and Processability.

As a low-calorie sugar, D-allulose is produced from D-fructose catalyzed by D-allulose 3-epimerase (DAE). Here, to improve the catalytic activity, stability, and processability of DAE, we reported a novel method by forming organic-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers (NF-DAEs) and co-immobilizing them on resins to form composites (Re-NF-DAEs). NF-DAEs were prepared by combining DAE with metal ions (Co, Cu, Zn, Ca, Ni, Fe, and Fe) in PBS buffer, and were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction.

Oral delivery of transfected sequentially with two copies of the VP2 gene induces immunity against infectious bursal disease virus in chickens.

Chicken coccidiosis caused by spp. can occur on almost all poultry farms, causing huge economic losses to the industry. Genetically manipulated parasites as a vaccine vector to deliver viral antigens have been reported.

Glucans from : Structural Characterization and In Vivo Immunomodulatory Investigation under Different Administration Routes.

Polysaccharides from (ALP) were investigated for structural characterization and immunomodulatory activities. Three fractions (ALP-1, ALP-2, and ALP-3) were obtained with the yield of 2.4, 3.

Unveiling the breadmaking transformation: Structural and functional insights into Arabinoxylan.

To understand the changes in arabinoxylan (AX) during breadmaking, multi-step enzyme digestion was conducted to re-extract arabinoxylan (AX-B) from AX-fortified bread. Their structural changes were compared using HPSEC, HPAEC, FT-IR, methylation analysis, and H NMR analysis; their properties changes in terms of enzymatic inhibition activities and in vitro fermentability against gut microbiota were also compared. Results showed that AX-B contained a higher portion of covalently linked protein while the molecular weight was reduced significantly after breadmaking process (from 677.

Disruption of UDP-galactopyranose mutase expression: A novel strategy for regulation of galactomannan biosynthesis and monascus pigments secretion in Monascus purpureus M9.

The impact of the cell wall structure of Monascus purpureus M9 on the secretion of extracellular monascus pigments (exMPs) was investigated. To modify the cell wall structure, UDP-galactopyranose mutase (GlfA) was knocked out using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method, leading to a significant reduction in the Galf-based polysaccharide within the cell wall. Changes in mycelium morphology, sporogenesis, and the expression of relevant genes in M9 were also observed following the mutation.

Hyperoside Prevents Aβ42-Induced Neurotoxicity in PC12 Cells and Caenorhabditis elegans.

Traditional Chinese medicines such as hyperoside-rich Acanthopanax senticosus and Crataegus pinnatifida have been confirmed to exhibit anti-oxidative stress properties. Hyperoside, the main ingredient of numerous antioxidant herbs, may have the ability to postpone the onset of neurodegenerative diseases. This study investigates the possible therapeutic mechanism of hyperoside as a natural antioxidant against Alzheimer's disease (AD) in Caenorhabditis elegans and PC12 cells.

(Epi)catechin damage effects on the development of mouse intestinal epithelial structure through the PERK-eIF2α-ATF4-CHOP pathway.

As powerful bioactive compounds found in a variety of plant-based foods, (epi)catechins have been identified to be associated with an abundant array of health benefits. While their adverse impacts have also been gaining increasing attention, their intestinal impact is still unclear. In this study, intestinal organoids were used as an model to analyze the effects of four (epi)catechins on the development of the intestinal epithelial structure.

Structural, rheological and functional properties of ultrasonic treated xanthan gums.

Xanthan gum can improve the freeze-thaw stability of frozen foods. However, the high viscosity and long hydration time of xanthan gum limits its application. In this study, ultrasound was employed to reduce the viscosity of xanthan gum, and the effect of ultrasound on its physicochemical, structural, and rheological properties was investigated using High-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), ion chromatograph, methylation analysis, H NMR, rheometer, etc.

Can environmentally friendly technology help China to achieve a carbon neutrality target by 2060? An asymmetrical based study in China.

Climate change-related environmental challenges are prompting an increasing number of countries to set carbon-neutral targets. Since 2007, China has pursued numerous initiatives to attain carbon neutrality by 2060, including increasing the percentage of non-fossil energy, developing zero-emission and low-emission technologies, and taking actions that reduce CO2 emissions or boost carbon sinks. As a result, utilizing quarterly data from 2008/Q1 to 2021/Q4, and applying the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) approach, this study evaluates the effectiveness of the measures taken by China to improve the ecological situation.

Insight into the phylogeny and metabolic divergence of species (, , and ) at the genome level.

Background: Species of the genus are economically important and widely used in the production of food colorants and monacolin K. However, they have also been known to produce the mycotoxin citrinin. Currently, taxonomic knowledge of this species at the genome level is insufficient.

Hyperoside inhibits pancreatic lipase activity and reduces fat accumulation .

Hyperoside, the main component of many anti-obesity plants, might exhibit a lipase inhibition effect to reduce fat accumulation. The anti-obesity effect of hyperoside was investigated by studying its inhibitory effect and mechanism on pancreatic lipase and evaluating its ability to reduce lipid accumulation . Hyperoside is a mixed-type inhibitor of lipase with an IC of 0.

Binding of ankaflavin with bovine serum albumin (BSA) in the presence of carrageenan and protective effects of yellow pigments against oxidative damage to BSA after forming a complex with carrageenan.

Ankaflavin (AK) is a typical yellow pigment extracted from -fermented rice with several biological effects; however, its solubility is poor. Thus, research studies of the delivery systems of AK, especially those constructed from protein-polysaccharide complexes, have attracted considerable attention. However, the interactions that exist in the system have rarely been investigated.

Black rice anthocyanin extract enhances the antioxidant capacity in PC12 cells and improves the lifespan by activating IIS pathway in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Black rice is rich in anthocyanins, and the antioxidant effect of anthocyanins is recognized by consumers. The aim of this study was to identify the molecular mechanisms underlying the antioxidant activity of black rice anthocyanin extract (BRAE) in PC12 cells and C. elegans.

Acetyl-glucomannan from : Structural modification and immunomodulatory activities.

To understand the mechanisms of immunomodulatory effect, polysaccharides (DOP) were treated by ultrasound and mild base separately to generate fractions of various weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and degrees of acetylation (DA). The structural features, conformational properties, functional properties and immunomodulatory activities of original and modified DOPs were investigated. Ultrasonic treatment decreased the Mw and apparent viscosity and improved the water solubility of DOP.

Therapeutic potential of non-starch polysaccharides on type 2 diabetes: from hypoglycemic mechanism to clinical trials.

Non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs) have been reported to exert therapeutic potential on managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Various mechanisms have been proposed; however, several studies have not considered the correlations between the anti-T2DM activity of NSPs and their molecular structure. Moreover, the current understanding of the role of NSPs in T2DM treatment is mainly based on and data, and more human clinical trials are required to verify the actual efficacy in treating T2DM.

Conformational Properties of Flaxseed Rhamnogalacturonan-I and Correlation between Primary Structure and Conformation.

The pectic polysaccharides extracted from flaxseed ( L.) mucilage and kernel were characterized as rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I). In this study, the conformational characteristics of RG-I fractions from flaxseed mucilage and kernel were investigated, using a Brookhaven multi-angle light scattering instrument (batch mode) and a high-performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) system coupled with Viscotek tetra-detectors (flow mode).

In Vitro Fermentability of Soybean Oligosaccharides from Wastewater of Tofu Production.

Soybean oligosaccharides (SBOS) isolated from wastewater of tofu production were studied in terms of their structural characteristics and in vitro fermentation by human fecal inocula. Three sub-fractions named Z1 (14%), Z2 (13%), and Z3 (17%) were obtained by Sephadex G-15 column separation. Z1 contained mainly stachyose; Z2 and Z3 contained stachyose, raffinose, and sucrose with different relative percentages.