Guidance Documents for Off-Label Drug Use Management for Chinese Health Care Institutions: A Scoping Review.

Background: Off-label drug use (OLDU) is a common practice in health care institutions, and numerous guidance documents have been developed to guide the management of OLDU in China. This scoping review aims to compare these documents and identify existing issues.

Methods: PubMed, EMbase, three Chinese databases, the National Public Service Platform for Standards Information and the official websites of pharmaceutical-related associations were searched to identify guidance documents relevant to the management of OLDU for Chinese health care institutions.

Synergistic Effect of Anchoring Transitional/Interstitial Sites on Boosting Structural and Electrochemical Stability of O3-Type Layered Sodium Oxides.

O3-type layered oxides are considered promising cathode materials for next-generation high-energy-density sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). However, they face challenges, such as low rate capacity and poor cycling stability, which arise from structural deformation, sluggish Na diffusion kinetics, and interfacial side reactions. Herein, a synergistic substitution strategy for transitional and interstitial sites was adopted to improve the structure stability and Na diffusion kinetics of the O3-type NaNiFeMnO.

Insights into the aroma volatiles and the changes of expression of ester biosynthesis candidate genes during postharvest storage of European pear.

During the storage period after harvest, the presence of volatile esters is essential for European pear aroma. Nevertheless, the specific molecular process underlying the production of volatile esters in European pear remains elusive. In this research, head space solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were employed to examine the volatile compounds of two varieties of European pear.

Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz polysaccharide ameliorates DSS-induced colitis in mice by regulating the gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolism.

Background And Purpose: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease, and the range of current clinical treatments is not ideal. We previously found that polysaccharide of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz (PAMK) is beneficial in DSS-induced colitis, and we aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms in this study.

Experimental Approach: PAMK was used to treat DSS-induced colitis in mice, 16S rRNA sequencing analysis was used to detect changes in the intestinal microbiota, targeted metabolomics analysis was used to determine the content of tryptophan-metabolizing bacteria, and western blotting was used to determine aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and pregnane X receptor (PXR) levels.

Effects of iodine content on the hydrochemical characteristics and microbial community structure of groundwater in coastal zone: A case study of Bailang River Basin.

Iodine is an important component of the thyroid gland, producing hormones. Excess iodine can trigger autoimmune thyroid disease. The salt-freshwater interaction zone of the coastal aquifer is affected by seawater intrusion, and the physical and chemical environment is constantly changing.

The use of machine and deep learning to model the relationship between discomfort temperature and labor productivity loss among petrochemical workers.

Background: Workplace may not only increase the risk of heat-related illnesses and injuries but also compromise work efficiency, particularly in a warming climate. This study aimed to utilize machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) algorithms to quantify the impact of temperature discomfort on productivity loss among petrochemical workers and to identify key influencing factors.

Methods: A cross-sectional face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted among petrochemical workers between May and September 2023 in Fujian Province, China.

Construction of CoS@C-MoS heterostructure for fast charging and superior long-term cycling performance of sodium ion batteries.

Cobalt sulfide (CoS) is a promising anode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) due to its high theoretical capacity, cost-effectiveness, and environmental friendliness. Unfortunately, the inevitable structural deterioration induced by the huge volume changes during the discharge/charge cycles leads to poor cycle performance and rate capability when evaluated as the anode material for SIB. Herein, we designed a CoS@C-MoS heterostructure with abundant heterointerface and hollow structure.

The association between HIV infection and perimenopausal syndrome: A matched cross-sectional study of women living with HIV/ AIDS and their uninfected counterparts in rural areas of Anhui, China.

The study compared the level of perimenopausal syndrome (PS) among women age 40 or older living with HIV/AIDS (WLWH) and their HIV-negative counterparts in rural areas of Anhui, China and it analyzed the association between HIV infection and PS. From March 2018 to February 2019, WLWH ≥ the age of 40 and their aged-matched HIV-negative female neighbors in 8 townships in the cities of Fuyang and Bozhou in Anhui Province, China were selected by cluster random sampling to respond to a questionnaire survey. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed.

Bibliometric and visual analysis of single-cell multiomics in neurodegenerative disease arrest studies.

Background: Neurodegenerative diseases are progressive disorders that severely diminish the quality of life of patients. However, research on neurodegenerative diseases needs to be refined and deepened. Single-cell polyomics is a technique for obtaining transcriptomic, proteomic, and other information from a single cell.

Cadmium Exposure in Male Rats Results in Ovarian Granulosa Cell Apoptosis in Female Offspring and Paternal Genetic Effects.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether the damage to male offspring induced by cadmium (Cd) exposure during embryonic period leads to the apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells (OGCs) in the next generation of female offspring, and whether this apoptosis in the offspring was due to paternal genetic effects. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were exposed to CdCl (0, 0.5, 2.

Microenvironment Tailoring of NiCo Alloys Coupled with FePc as Efficient Bifunctional Catalysts for High-Rate Zn-Air Batteries.

The practical application of Zn-air batteries require exploring cost-effective and durable bifunctional electrocatalysts. However, the simultaneous preparation of catalysts with bifunctional activities for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen precipitation reaction (OER) remains challenging. Herein, we synthesized a novel hybrid catalyst (FePc/NiCo/CNT), which couples NiCo alloy with FePc through electrostatic interaction.

[A multicenter clinical study on the incidence and influencing factors of cephalosporin-induced anaphylaxis].

Objectives: To investigate the incidence and influencing factors of allergic reactions to cephalosporins.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of 29 medical institutions in Zhejiang Province was conducted from April 2021 to June 2021. The incidence of allergic reactions to cephalosporins was investigated, and the influencing factors of cephalosporin-induced allergic reactions were analyzed by Poisson regression.

Depressive symptoms and its multifaceted associated factors among young men who have sex with men facing the dual threats of COVID-19 and mpox in China.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the mental health of human beings since 2020, especially the young people and the pre-existing marginalized groups such as men who have sex with men (MSM). During the COVID-19 pandemic, the multi-country outbreak of mpox in 2022 additionally posed a significant stress on the most-affected communities (i.e.

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals the Spatial Heterogeneity and Functional Alteration of Endothelial Cells in Chronic Hepatitis B Infection.

Chronic Hepatitis B virus (CHB) infection is a global health challenge, causing damage ranging from hepatitis to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. In our study, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis was performed in livers from mice models with chronic inflammation induced by CHB infection and we found that endothelial cells (ECs) exhibited the largest number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among all ten cell types. NF-κB signaling was activated in ECs to induce cell dysfunction and subsequent hepatic inflammation, which might be mediated by the interaction of macrophage-derived and cholangiocyte-derived VISFATIN/Nampt signaling.

Reverse genetics construction and pathogenicity of a novel recombinant NADC30-like PRRSV isolated in China.

China has the largest pig herd in the world which accounts for more than 50% of the global pig population. Over the past three decades, the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has caused significant economic loss to the Chinese swine industry. Currently, the prevalent PRRSV strains in the field are extremely complicated, and the NADC30-like strains, NADC34-like strains, and novel recombinant viruses have become a great concern to PRRS control in China.

Cu Regulating the Bifunctional Activity of Co-O Sites for the High-Performance Rechargeable Zinc-Air Battery.

The rational design of cost-effective and highly active electrocatalysts becomes the crucial energy storage technology to boost the kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), which hinders the large-scale application of metal-air batteries under the situation of increasingly pressing energy anxiety. Herein, the Co-based ZIF introduced the moderate amount of Cu-derived Cu/Co metal nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in carbon frameworks after high-temperature calcination. The Co-O bond on the surface of Co nanoparticles is modulated by adjacent Cu nanoparticles with the surface Cu-O bonds.

MicroRNA-204-5p Attenuates Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis and Inflammation by Targeting TXNIP in Diabetic Cataract.

Diabetic cataract (DC) is a major cause of blindness in diabetic patients and it is characterized by early onset and rapid progression. MiR-204-5p was previously identified as one of the top five down-regulated miRNAs in human DC lens tissues. We aimed to determine the expression of miR-204-5p in human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) and explore its effects and mechanisms in regulating the progression of DC.

Epidemiological characteristics of neuroendocrine neoplasms in Beijing: a population-based retrospective study.

Background: The incidence of neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) is rising rapidly worldwide. However, there are few reports on these heterogeneous diseases in China. Our study aimed to explore the epidemiological characteristics of NENs in Beijing.

Dynamic characteristics and evolution laws of underground brine in Mahai salt lake of Qaidam Basin during mining process.

In the late stage of underground brine mining in salt lakes, the method of injecting fresh water is often used to extract the salt from the brine storage medium. This method of freshwater displacement breaks the original water-rock equilibrium and changes the evolution process of the original underground brine. To explore the mechanism of salt release in saline water-bearing media under conditions of relatively fresh lake water dissolution, this paper analyzes the changes in the chemical parameters of brine from 168 sampling points in the Mahai salt lake in the Qaidam Basin at three stages (before exploitation, during exploitation, and late exploitation) by correlation analysis, ion ratio analysis, and other methods and investigate the variations in porosity and the evolution laws of brine.

Yolk-shell FeS@N-doped carbon nanosphere as superior anode materials for sodium-ion batteries.

Iron sulfides have shown great potential as anode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) because of their high sodium storage capacity and low cost. Nevertheless, iron sulfides generally exhibit unsatisfied electrochemical performance induced by sluggish electron/ion transfer and severe pulverization upon the sodiation/desodiation process. Herein, we constructed a yolk-shell FeS@NC nanosphere with an N-doped carbon shell and FeS particle core via a simple hydrothermal method, followed by in-situ polymerization and vulcanization.

Antiphospholipid antibody-related hepatic vasculitis in a juvenile after non-severe COVID-19: a case report and literature review.

Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) are both laboratory evidence and causative factors for a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), with thrombotic and obstetric events being the most prevalent. Despite the aPL-triggered vasculopathy nature of APS, vasculitic-like manifestations rarely exist in APS and mainly appear associated with other concurrent connective tissue diseases like systemic lupus erythematous. Several studies have characterized pulmonary capillaritis related to pathogenic aPL, suggesting vasculitis as a potential associated non-thrombotic manifestation.

Advancing electrochemical nitrogen reduction: Efficacy of two-dimensional SiP layered structures with single-atom transition metal catalysts.

Researchers are interested in single-atom catalysts with atomically scattered metals relishing the enhanced electrocatalytic activity for nitrogen reduction and 100 % metal atom utilization. In this paper, we investigated 18 transition metals (TM) spanning 3d to 5d series as efficient nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) catalysts on defective 2D SiP layered structures through first-principles calculation. A systematic screening identified Mo@SiP, Nb@SiP, Ta@SiP and W@SiP as superior, demonstrating enhanced ammonia synthesis with significantly lower limiting potentials (-0.