Impact of easing COVID-19 restrictions on antibiotic usage in Eastern China using wastewater-based epidemiology.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged in December 2019, prompting the implementation of a "zero-COVID" policy in Mainland China. The easing of this policy in December 2022 led to a surge in COVID cases, which was believed to significantly increase antibiotic usage, potentially due to antibiotic misuse or increased coinfections. Our study aimed to compare antibiotic consumption and patterns before and after this policy adjustment.

Identification of optimum scopes of environmental drivers for schistosome-transmitting using agent-based model in Dongting Lake Region, China.

(), the sole intermediate host of , greatly influence the prevalence and distribution of schistosomiasis japonica. The distribution area of has remained extensive for numerous years. This study aimed to establish a valid agent-based model of snail density and further explore the environmental conditions suitable for snail breeding.

Study on sentinel hosts for surveillance of future COVID-19-like outbreaks.

The spread of SARS-CoV-2 to animals has the potential to evolve independently. In this study, we distinguished several sentinel animal species and genera for monitoring the re-emergence of COVID-19 or the new outbreak of COVID-19-like disease. We analyzed SARS-CoV-2 genomic data from human and nonhuman mammals in the taxonomic hierarchies of species, genus, family and order of their host.

Prediction on the spatial distribution of the seropositive rate of schistosomiasis in Hunan Province, China: a machine learning model integrated with the Kriging method.

Schistosomiasis remains a formidable challenge to global public health. This study aims to predict the spatial distribution of schistosomiasis seropositive rates in Hunan Province, pinpointing high-risk transmission areas and advocating for tailored control measures in low-endemic regions. Six machine learning models and their corresponding hybrid machine learning-Kriging models were employed to predict the seropositive rate.

Changing seroprevalence of schistosomiasis japonica in China from 1982 to 2020: A systematic review and spatial analysis.

Background: Schistosomiasis is a global public health issue. In China, while the seroprevalence of Schistosomiasis japonica has currently reduced to a relatively low level, risk of infection still exists in certain areas. However, there has been a lack of comprehensive research on the long-term trends of national seroprevalence, changes across age groups, and characteristics in spatial distribution, which is crucial for effectively targeting interventions and achieving the goal of eliminating schistosomiasis by 2030.

Interactive and lag effects of environmental factors on the density of schistosome-transmitting Oncomelania hupensis: A twelve-year monthly repeated survey.

Schistosomiasis is a significant public health threat, and Oncomelania hupensis is the only intermediate host for schistosoma japonicum. We conducted 12-year monthly repeated surveys to explore the interactive and lag effects of environmental factors on snail density and to monitor their long-term and seasonal trends in a bottomland around the Dongting Lake region in China. Relevant environmental data were obtained from multiple sources.

Impact of historical disease conditions on mortality and life expectancy in patients with advanced schistosomiasis in Hunan Province, China.

Background: Although the prognosis of advanced schistosomiasis patients has significantly improved, the impact of historical disease conditions on life expectancy remains unclear.

Methods: Utilizing data from an advanced schistosomiasis cohort (n=10 362) from 2008 to 2019 in Hunan, China, we examined five historical disease conditions: times of praziquantel treatment, the history of ascites, splenectomy, upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) and hepatic coma. Using latent class analysis, participants were categorized into three groups: Group 1 (characterized by no risk conditions), Group 2 (had ≤3 times of praziquantel treatment without UGIB history) and Group 3 (had UGIB history).

Exposure of pregnant women to neonicotinoids in Wenzhou City, East China: A biomonitoring study.

Background: China produces and consumes a large amount of neonicotinoids. A non-negligible exposure to neonicotinoids might occur for Chinese pregnant women, but relevant data remain limited.

Objective: To investigate the exposure to neonicotinoids by urinary biomonitoring in pregnant women from Wenzhou City, East China.

Global, regional, national trends of femur fracture and machine learning prediction: Comprehensive findings and questions from global burden of disease 1990-2019.

Background: Femur fracture is a type of fracture with high disability and mortality. There is no comprehensive analysis and prediction of the global distribution of femur fractures, so we conducted this study.

Methods: Age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR), and years living with disability (YLDs) of femur fractures (excluding femoral neck) were downloaded from the Global burden of disease database.

Association of maternal mineral status with the risk of preterm birth: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: There has been a gradual increase in the proportion of preterm birth in China during the past several decades. Maternal malnutrition is a significant determinant for preterm birth. Nevertheless, comprehensive studies investigating serum mineral levels during pregnancy associated with preterm birth remain scarce.

Differences in antibiotic use between COPD and non-COPD residents based on the health information system.

Objectives: To compare the differences in antibiotic use between COPD and non-COPD residents, and to explore the effect of COPD on antibiotic use.

Methods: Participants aged 40 years old or over from the Songjiang Adult Cohort were included. Information on prescription and baseline survey was collected based on the health information system.

Urinary neonicotinoids and metabolites are associated with obesity risk in Chinese school children.

Background: Neonicotinoids are the most widely used insecticides. Laboratory studies have suggested that neonicotinoids are one potential obesogen, but relevant data are limited in human.

Objective: To examine the association between exposure to neonicotinoids and childhood obesity.

Source and health risk of urinary neonicotinoids in Tibetan pregnant women.

High altitude could influence the level of exposure to neonicotinoids, but relevant data remain limited for people living in Tibet. We investigated 476 Tibetan pregnant women from Lhasa of Tibet, China in 2021 and measured eight neonicotinoids and four metabolites in urine. Food consumption was investigated by a food frequency questionnaire.

Evaluation of phase-adjusted interventions for COVID-19 using an improved SEIR model.

A local COVID-19 outbreak with two community clusters occurred in a large industrial city, Shaoxing, China, in December 2021 after serial interventions were imposed. We aimed to understand the reason by analysing the characteristics of the outbreak and evaluating the effects of phase-adjusted interventions. Publicly available data from 7 December 2021 to 25 January 2022 were collected to analyse the epidemiological characteristics of this outbreak.

Prediction of Oncomelania hupensis distribution in association with climate change using machine learning models.

Background: Oncomelania hupensis is the sole intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum. Its emergence and recurrence pose a constant challenge to the elimination of schistosomiasis in China. It is important to accurately predict the snail distribution for schistosomiasis prevention and control.

Do gut microbiome-targeted therapies improve liver function in cirrhotic patients? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aim: Microbiome-targeted therapies (MTTs) are considered as promising interventions for cirrhosis, but the impact of gut microbiome modulation on liver function and disease severity has not been fully assessed. We comprehensively evaluated the efficacy of MTTs in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Methods: Data from randomized controlled trials were collected through MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrial.

Three Gorges Dam: Potential differential drivers and trend in the spatio-temporal evolution of the change in snail density based on a Bayesian spatial-temporal model and 5-year longitudinal study.

Background: Snail abundance varies spatially and temporally. Few studies have elucidated the different effects of the determinants affecting snail density between upstream and downstream areas of the Three Gorges Dam (TGD). We therefore investigated the differential drivers of changes in snail density in these areas, as well as the spatial-temporal effects of these changes.

Gut Microbiota Enterotypes Mediate the Effects of Dietary Patterns on Colorectal Neoplasm Risk in a Chinese Population.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) risk is influenced by dietary patterns and gut microbiota enterotypes. However, the interaction between these factors remains unclear. This study examines this relationship, hypothesizing that different diets may affect colorectal tumor risk in individuals with varied gut microbiota enterotypes.

Identifying determinants for the seropositive rate of schistosomiasis in Hunan province, China: A multi-scale geographically weighted regression model.

Background: Schistosomiasis is of great public health concern with a wide distribution and multiple determinants. Due to the advances in schistosomiasis elimination and the need for precision prevention and control, identifying determinants at a fine scale is urgent and necessary, especially for resource deployment in practice. Our study aimed to identify the determinants for the seropositive rate of schistosomiasis at the village level and to explore their spatial variations in local space.

Three Gorges Dam: the changing trend of snail density in the Yangtze River basin between 1990 and 2019.

Background: The area of Oncomelania hupensis snail remains around 3.6 billion m, with newly emerging and reemergent habitats continuing to appear in recent years. This study aimed to explore the long-term dynamics of snail density before and after the operation of Three Gorges Dam (TGD).

Global Distribution of and Impact Factors.

Culex tritaeniorhynchus is the primary vector of Japanese encephalitis (JE) and has a wide global distribution. However, the current and future geographic distribution maps of in global are still incomplete. Our study aims to predict the potential distribution of in current and future conditions to provide a guideline for the formation and implementation of vector control strategies all over the world.

Comparison of newly diagnosed COPD patients and the non-COPD residents in Shanghai Minhang District.

Background: To compare whether the general population, especially those without characteristic symptoms, need spirometry screening for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods: Residents aged > 40 years old in Minhang, Shanghai, China, filled out screening questionnaires and underwent spirometry. The structured questionnaire integrating COPD population screening and COPD screening questionnaire was designed to obtain data on demographic characteristics, risk factors of COPD, respiratory symptoms, lifestyle habits, and comorbidities.

Association between Antibiotic Exposure and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Middle-Aged and Older Adults.

Background: Although previous studies have shown an association between clinically used antibiotics and type 2 diabetes, the relationship between antibiotic exposure from food and drinking water and type 2 diabetes in middle-aged and older adults is unclear.

Objective: This study was aimed at exploring the relationship between antibiotic exposures from different sources and type 2 diabetes in middle-aged and older people, through urinary antibiotic biomonitoring.

Methods: A total of 525 adults who were 45-75 years of age were recruited from Xinjiang in 2019.