A Novel Stepwise Technique for Safe and Effective Transoral Release of Irreducible Atlantoaxial Dislocation: A Retrospective Study of 201 Cases.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To verify the clinical efficacy of a novel transoral stepwise release technique (TSRT) for the treatment of irreducible atlantoaxial dislocations (IAAD).

Summary Of Background Data: Anterior release for IAAD remains challenging, with a 3.

Prevertebral soft tissue swelling after anterior cervical internal fixation at different segments: a retrospective study.

Atlantoaxial segments have not been discussed in existing studies on prevertebral soft tissue (PVST) swelling after cervical operations. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of PVST swelling after anterior cervical internal fixation at different segments. This retrospective study included patients who underwent transoral atlantoaxial reduction plate (TARP) internal fixation (Group I, n=73), C3/C4 anterior decompression and vertebral fixation (Group II, n=77), or C5/C6 anterior decompression and vertebral fixation (Group III, n=75) at our Hospital.

Incidence and management of surgical site infection in the cervical spine following a transoral approach.

Purpose: Transoral approach can accomplish ventral decompression directly. However, surgical site infection (SSI) cannot be ignored. This paper aims to review the prevalence of infection and conduct advice for the treatment of SSI in the cervical spine following the transoral approach.

Anterior reduction and C1-ring osteosynthesis with Jefferson-fracture reduction plate (JeRP) via transoral approach for unstable atlas fractures.

Background: To introduce a novel transoral instrumentation in the treatment of unstable fractures of the atlas.

Methods: From January 2008 to May 2018, 22 patients with unstable C1 fractures who received Jefferson-fracture reduction plate (JeRP) via transoral approach were retrospectively analyzed. The case history and the radiographs before and after surgery were noted.

Formononetin inhibits osteosarcoma cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis by regulating the miR-214-3p/phosphatase and tensin homolog pathway.

Background: Phytoestrogens have a similar molecular structure to estrogens which can produce either estrogenic or anti-estrogenic effects. It is generally believed that phytoestrogens combine with the estrogen receptor of osteosarcoma cells, affecting a variety of signal transduction pathways and cell metabolism, resulting in altered cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, invasion and migration ability. Formononetin (FN) is the active ingredient of traditional Chinese medicine astragalus, angelica, and Pueraria lobate.

[An observation on risk of infection in treatment of craniovertebral junction disorders by transoral approach operation].

Objective: To study the changes of bacterial flora after a series of preoperative oral disinfection and the postoperative recovery of patients with craniovertebral junction disorders who were treated with transoral approach operations. And to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention of postoperative complications such as infection.

Methods: The clinical data of 20 cases with craniovertebral junction disorders and treated with transoral approach operations between October 2009 and May 2010 were analyzed.

Mild microwave ablation combined with HSP90 and TGF‑β1 inhibitors enhances the therapeutic effect on osteosarcoma.

Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumour and the second leading cause of cancer‑related death in children and adolescents. Microwave ablation has an excellent therapeutic effect on bone tumours by instantaneously increasing the temperature in the tumour; however, there is a risk of damaging the surrounding healthy tissues by exposure to a high temperature when the treatment power is too large. In the present study, two anti‑tumour reagents, a heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitor (PF‑04929113) and a transforming growth factor‑β1 (TGF‑β1) inhibitor (SB‑525334) were employed to enhance the therapeutic effect of mild‑power microwave ablation.

Treatment of trauma-induced femoral head necrosis with biodegradable pure Mg screw-fixed pedicle iliac bone flap.

Introduction: The avascular necrosis of the femoral head represents the death of bone tissue due to the lack of blood supply. The disease has a progressive evolution; it leads to femoral head collapse and severe arthritis when left untreated. The application of a pedicled bone flap graft is an effective treatment for femoral head necrosis.

lncRNA-NEF is downregulated in osteosarcoma and inhibits cancer cell migration and invasion by downregulating miRNA-21.

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)-NEF inhibits cancer metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma; however, its role in other malignancies is unknown. The present study revealed that plasma lncRNA-NEF was downregulated, while miRNA-21 was upregulated in patients with osteosarcoma compared with healthy controls. Plasma lncRNA-NEF and miRNA-21 were negatively correlated in patients with osteosarcoma and healthy controls.

miR-363 acts as a tumor suppressor in osteosarcoma cells by inhibiting PDZD2.

PDZ domain containing 2 (PDZD2) is a multi-PDZ domain protein that promotes the proliferation of insulinoma cells, and is upregulated during prostate tumorigenesis. However, the function of PDZD2 in other cancers, including osteosarcoma (OS), remains unclear. Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) contributes to tumor initiation, proliferation and metastasis, via the regulation of their target genes.

Exploration of TiO nanoparticle mediated microdynamic therapy on cancer treatment.

Radical therapy takes advantage of the reactive oxygen species produced in greater quantities within tumor cells than in normal cells. Here, for the first time, we explore a TiO nanoparticle mediated microwave induced radical therapy (termed as Microdynamic Therapy) as a new cancer treatment method. The experiments in vitro and in vivo demonstrate that colloidal TiO nanoparticles could significantly suppress the growth of osteosarcomas, even under low power (5 W) microwave (MW) irradiation for 5 min.

miRNA-21 inhibition inhibits osteosarcoma cell proliferation by targeting PTEN and regulating the TGF-β1 signaling pathway.

The present study aimed to investigate the role of microRNA (miRNA)-21 in the growth of osteosarcoma. A total of 46 patients with osteosarcoma and 20 healthy controls were included in the study. The expression of miRNA-21 was detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction in tumor tissues and adjacent healthy tissues from patients with osteosarcoma, as well as the serum of patients with osteosarcoma and the healthy controls was.

Zero-Dimensional Carbon Dots Enhance Bone Regeneration, Osteosarcoma Ablation, and Clinical Bacterial Eradication.

Zero-dimensional carbon dots (CD) and their effects on osteogenesis have been rarely studied in bone repair scaffolds. Here, we fabricate a novel CD doped chitosan/nanohydroxyapatite (CS/nHA/CD) scaffold with full potential to promote bone regeneration by a facile freeze-drying method. The CS/nHA/CD scaffolds enhanced cell adhesion and osteoinductivity in rat bone mesenchymal stem cells by up-regulating genes involved in focal adhesion and osteogenesis in vitro, which significantly improved the formation of vascularized new bone tissue at 4 weeks compared to pure CS/nHA scaffolds in vivo.

[Radiological evaluation of dextran sulfate/recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2/chitosan composite microspheres combined with coral hydroxyapatite artificial bone in repairing large segmental bone defects].

Objective: To evaluate the osteogenic effect of dextran sulfate/recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2/chitosan (DS/rhBMP-2/CS) combined with coralline hydroxyapatite (CHA) in repairing large segmental bone defects by radiographic feature.

Methods: Fifty-seven 24-week-old male New Zealand rabbits were prepared for establishing right radius bone defect model of 20 mm in length. In which 54 rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups ( =18), and the CHA, DS/rhBMP-2/CS/CHA, and rhBMP-2/CHA artificial bone grafts were implanted into the bone defect in groups A, B, and C respectively; the remaining 3 rabbits were implanted nothing as blank control group.

A New Treatment Modality for Rheumatoid Arthritis: Combined Photothermal and Photodynamic Therapy Using Cu S Nanoparticles.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a worldwide inflammatory disease that seriously threatens human health and needs more effective treatment approaches. Near infrared (NIR) light can efficiently penetrate inflamed joints affected by RA, so phototherapy, including photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT), may provide new opportunities. In this work, the unique Cu S nanoparticles (NPs) are prepared for RA treatment enlightened by the fact that copper (Cu)-based nanomaterials can simultaneously serve as PTT agents and photosensitizers (for PDT).

Multifunctional Copper-Containing Carboxymethyl Chitosan/Alginate Scaffolds for Eradicating Clinical Bacterial Infection and Promoting Bone Formation.

Repairing infected bone defects relies on a scaffold that can not only fill the defects to promote bone formation but also kill clinically present bacterial pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). To meet this demand, here, we develop a new copper (Cu) containing natural polymeric scaffold with a full potential for repairing infected bone defects.

Atlantoaxial Joint Distraction for the Treatment of Basilar Invagination: Clinical Outcomes and Radiographic Evaluation.

Objective: To investigate the causes of partial remission in patients with basilar invagination (BI) and irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation (IAAD) treated with transoral atlantoaxial reduction plate (TARP) without odontoidectomy and quantify the distance of odontoid descent.

Methods: Between August 2010 and July 2012, 22 consecutive patients with BI with IAAD who underwent TARP surgery were reviewed. The preoperative and postoperative radiographic parameters were evaluated.

Multifunctional CuS Hollow Nanopeanuts for Targeted Photothermal Chemotherapy.

Actively targeted hollow nanoparticles may play key roles in precise anti-cancer therapy. Here, unique CuS hollow nanopeanuts (HNPs) were synthesized a facile one-step method and the formation mechanism was illustrated. The as-synthesized CuS HNPs exhibit outstanding photothermal conversion efficiency (41.

High-activity chitosan/nano hydroxyapatite/zoledronic acid scaffolds for simultaneous tumor inhibition, bone repair and infection eradication.

Implanted biomaterials combined tumor inhibition and bone repair property are urgently needed to address the huge bone destruction and the high local recurrence following primary surgery in bone tumor therapy. In this work, a high-activity chitosan/nano hydroxyapatite (CS/nHA) scaffold containing zoledronic acid (CS/nHA/Zol) was prepared with a facile method. The prepared CS/nHA/Zol scaffolds exhibited excellent tumor inhibition property towards giant cell tumor of bone (GCT) in vitro through inducing cells apoptosis by up-regulating pro-apoptosis genes expression and reducing the osteoclastic activity of tumor cells by down-regulating osteoclastic genes.

Implantation of the anterior atlantoaxial lateral mass intervertebral cage using the transoral approach.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possibility of implanting the anterior atlantoaxial lateral mass intervertebral cage, a new type of fixation, by the transoral approach.

Method: This study examined the possibility of implantation in vivo by the quantitative measurement on the dry atlantoaxial bone and implantation of the anterior atlantoaxial lateral mass intervertebral cage in specimens. Anterior atlantoaxial lateral mass intervertebral cages were implanted in 10 atlantoaxial joint specimens using the transoral approach.

Surgical Site Infections Following the Transoral Approach: A Review of 172 Consecutive Cases.

Study Design: A retrospective review.

Objective: The aim of this study was to discuss the characteristics, treatment, and incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) following transoral approach surgery.

Summary Of Background Data: One of the primary risks associated with transoral approach surgery is postoperative SSI.

Surgical Outcome and Prognostic Analysis of Transoral Atlantoaxial Reduction Plate System for Basilar Invagination: A Voxel-Based Morphometry Study.

Background: The use of a transoral atlantoaxial reduction plate (TARP) system is an effective surgical approach for the treatment of basilar invagination. With the aim of improving the therapeutic efficacy of the TARP operation, we conducted a voxel-based morphometric study to quantitatively investigate the descent of the odontoid process and craniocervical volume changes.

Methods: We enrolled 20 patients with basilar invagination who underwent a TARP procedure.

An antibacterial and absorbable silk-based fixation material with impressive mechanical properties and biocompatibility.

Implant-associated infections and non-absorbing materials are two important reasons for a second surgical procedure to remove internal fixation devices after an orthopedic internal fixation surgery. The objective of this study was to produce an antibacterial and absorbable fixation screw by adding gentamicin to silk-based materials. The antibacterial activity was assessed against Staphylococcus aureus (S.

A unique procedure of joined transoral and retropharyngeal high cervical approach (JTRC) without mandibulectomy for treating upper cervical neoplasm involving both C2 and C3.

Purpose: To investigate a unique procedure of joined transoral and retropharyngeal high cervical approach (JTRC) without mandibulectomy for treating upper cervical neoplasm involving both C2 and C3.

Method: A 23-year-old male patient had neoplasma involving C2 and C3 that caused pathologic fracture of C2 and bony destruction of C3. The neoplasm excision and cervical spine reconstruction were performed through JTRC approach without splitting up the mandible.

[ECTOPIC OSTEOGENESIS EVALUATION OF RECOMBINANT HUMAN BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN 2 LOADED CHITOSAN/DEXTRAN SULFATE BY MICRO-CT].

Unlabelled: OBJECTIVE To evaluate the ectopic osteogenesis of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) loaded chitosan (CS)/dextran sulfate (DS) by micro-CT.

Methods: rhBMP-2/CS/DS microspheres were prepared by the ionic crosslinking and its shape was observed under the scanning electron microscope. The release of rhBMP-2 was determined from resultant microspheres by ELISA assay.