Untargeted Metabolomic Study of Patients with Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Aqueous Humor.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to ascertain metabolic biomarkers and investigate the metabolic alterations associated with aqueous humor (AH) in wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods: AH samples were collected from a total of 20 participants, including 10 individuals diagnosed with wet AMD and 10 individuals undergoing cataract surgery, serving as the control group. Metabolomics analysis was performed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to identify and quantify metabolites.

A lipidomic study on the lens epithelial cells of patients with age related cataracts.

Age related cataracts (ARC) represent the main reason for blindness globally. The lens epithelial cells (LECs) participate not only in the metabolism of many substances in the lens but also in maintaining lens transparency. This study used lipidomics to investigate the metabolic differences in LECs of ARC patients with different severity, aiming at identifying potential metabolic biomarkers of ARC.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Ocular Demodex at Ultra-High Altitude and Sea Level: A Cross-Sectional Study of Shigatse and Shanghai.

infestation is a risk factor for several ocular surface diseases. However, the prevalence of ocular infection in the ultra-high altitude population is not clear. This study aimed to compare the prevalence and factors associated with in populations residing in ultra-high altitude region and sea level areas.

Patching Retinal Breaks with Chitosan for Retinal Detachment in Rabbits.

Background: Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is caused by one or more full-thickness retinal breaks. The current RRD treatments have several drawbacks. Chitosan is one of the most commonly used natural polymers for wound healing and has been demonstrated to be biodegradable, biocompatible, non-toxic, bioadhesive, and bioactive.

Metabolomic study of eyeball rupture and patients with cataracts in aqueous humor.

The purpose of the present study was to identify metabolic biomarkers and study the metabolic changes in relation to cataracts and eyeball rupture in human aqueous humor. This case-control study included 3 patients with traumatic ocular rupture treated by surgery as the control group, 10 patients with severe cataracts as the severe cataracts group and 10 patients with mild cataracts as the mild cataracts group. The present study used liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to analyze the metabolomics of aqueous humor samples.

Evaluation of Foldable Capsular Vitreous Body Implantation Surgery.

Background: Foldable capsular vitreous body (FCVB), a novel artificial vitreous substitute product, has been used clinically in recent years. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes and complications of FCVB implantation surgery during the postoperative period.

Methods: We performed a prospective, nonrandomized study from November 2021 to March 2022.

Relationship Between Risk Factors and Macular Thickness in Patients with Early Diabetic Retinopathy.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the changes in macular thickness (MT) in normal people, patients without obvious diabetic retinopathy (NDR) and patients with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and to study the possible risk factors for early diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: Thirty-one healthy individuals, 40 people with no sign of DR and 60 people with mild NPDR were included in this cross-sectional study. All patients underwent a complete ophthalmological examination.

MicroRNA-27a Promotes Oxidative-Induced RPE Cell Death through Targeting FOXO1.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multifactor disease, which is primarily characterized by retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cell loss. Since the retina is the most metabolically active tissue, RPE cells are exposed to consistent oxidative environment. So, oxidation-induced RPE cell death has long been considered a contributor to the onset of AMD.

C-band four-channel CWDM (de-)multiplexers on a thin film lithium niobate-silicon rich nitride hybrid platform.

A four-channel coarse wavelength division multiplexing (CWDM) (de)multiplexer on a thin film lithium niobate-silicon rich nitride hybrid platform has been designed, fabricated, and experimentally measured. Enabled by cascaded multimode waveguide Bragg gratings, the (de)multiplexer has a box-like spectral response, wide 1-dB bandwidth (10 nm), low excess loss (<1.08), and low channel cross talk (<-18).

On-chip four-mode (de-)multiplexer on thin film lithium niobate-silicon rich nitride hybrid platform.

A four-mode (de-)multiplexer with transverse electric field light (-) is experimentally demonstrated on a thin film lithium niobate-silicon rich nitride hybrid platform. Enabled by cascaded asymmetrical directional couplers, a (de-)multiplexer with low insertion loss (0.38 dB to 1.

Cytokine and Chemokine Profile Changes in Patients with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration After Intravitreal Ranibizumab Injection for Choroidal Neovascularization.

Objective: To investigate the concentrations of cytokine and chemokines profiling in aqueous humor for choroidal neovascularization (CNV) due to neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) before and during Intravitreal injection of ranibizumab (IVR) and its relation with the disease's active state.

Methods: The cytokine levels in aqueous humour were detected by the Bio-Plex 200 System and the Bio-Plex™ Human Cytokine Standard 27-Plex, Group I. Aqueous humour samples of experimental group were collected from 19 patients diagnosed nAMD at baseline and at 1 month after IVR.

40 GHz high-efficiency Michelson interferometer modulator on a silicon-rich nitride and thin-film lithium niobate hybrid platform.

We propose and demonstrate a Michelson interferometer modulator with integrated Bragg reflectors on a silicon-rich nitride-thin-film lithium niobate hybrid platform. High-reflectivity Bragg reflectors are placed at the ends of both arms, which double the electro-optic (E-O) interaction length and reduce the velocity mismatch between the microwave and optical wave. The presented Michelson interferometer modulator achieves a measured half-wave voltage length product as low as 1.

Efficient grating couplers on a thin film lithium niobate-silicon rich nitride hybrid platform.

A grating coupler on a thin film -cut lithium niobate-silicon rich nitride hybrid platform is proposed and demonstrated. An inverse taper is applied to suppress higher-order mode excitation. A coupling efficiency of -5.

TE/TM-pass polarizers based on lateral leakage in a thin film lithium niobate-silicon nitride hybrid platform: publisher's note.

This publisher's note contains a correction to Opt. Lett.45, 4915 (2020)OPLEDP0146-959210.

TE/TM-pass polarizers based on lateral leakage in a thin film lithium niobate-silicon nitride hybrid platform.

TE/TM-pass polarizers based on the lithium niobate-silicon nitride hybrid platform are numerically proposed for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. By utilizing the lateral leakage of a shallowly etched rib waveguide, 1-mm-long TE/TM-pass polarizers with high extinction ratios of 28.72/24.

Cytokine and chemokine profile changes in patients after intravitreal conbercept injection for center macular edema due to branch retinal vein occlusion.

Purpose: This study aimed to ascertain cytokine concentrations in patients with center macular edema (CME) due to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) before and during the period of treatment with intravitreal injection of conbercept (IVC) and to determine the relationship between these concentrations and disease activity.

Materials And Methods: The Bio-Plex 200 System and the Bio-Plex Human Cytokine Standard 27-Plex, Group I (Bio-Rad, Hercules, California, USA) were used to detect cytokine concentrations in aqueous humour. Experimental aqueous humour samples were collected from 22 patients with CME due to BRVO when IVC was administered at baseline and at 1 month, and control aqueous samples were collected by limbal paracentesis from 16 patients undergoing routine cataract surgery.

Portable and Battery-Powered PCR Device for DNA Amplification and Fluorescence Detection.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique for nucleic acid amplification, which has been widely used in molecular biology. Owing to the limitations such as large size, high power consumption, and complicated operation, PCR is only used in hospitals or research institutions. To meet the requirements of portable applications, we developed a fast, battery-powered, portable device for PCR amplification and end-point detection.

Cytokine and Chemokine Profile Changes in Patients After Intravitreal Conbercept Injection for Diabetic Macular Edema.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the concentrations of cytokines and chemokines in diabetic macular edema (DME) eyes before and during therapy with the intravitreal injection of conbercept (IVC) and to identify associations with disease activity.

Methods: The Bio-Plex 200 System and the Bio-PlexTM Human Cytokine Standard 27-Plex, Group I (Bio-Rad, Hercules, California, USA) were used to detect cytokine levels in aqueous humour. Experimental aqueous humour samples were collected from 18 patients with DME at the same time that IVC was performed at baseline and at 1 month.

The cGAS/STING pathway: a sensor of senescence-associated DNA damage and trigger of inflammation in early age-related macular degeneration.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of irreversible blindness among the elderly. Considering the relatively limited effect of therapy on early AMD, it is important to focus on the pathogenesis of AMD, especially early AMD. Ageing is one of the strongest risk factors for AMD, and analysis of the impact of ageing on AMD development is valuable.

NAD+ inhibits the metabolic reprogramming of RPE cells in early AMD by upregulating mitophagy.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness and is becoming a global crisis, with the number of affected people expected to reach 288 million by 2040 worldwide. Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) performs a number of highly diverse functions that are essential to maintaining the normal health and function of the retina. Alterations to retinal metabolism and remodeling are an early feature of AMD.

Fluorescence quantification of intracellular materials at the single-cell level by an integrated dual-well array microfluidic device.

We present an integrated microfluidic device for quantifying intracellular materials at the single-cell level. This device combines a dual-well structure and a microfluidic control system. The dual-well structure includes capture wells (20 μm in diameter) for trapping a single cell and reaction wells (200 μm in diameter) for confining reagents.

Intravitreal corticosteroid implant vs intravitreal ranibizumab for the treatment of macular edema: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Purpose: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to compare the efficacy and safety of corticosteroid implant and intravitreal ranibizumab for the treatment of macular edema (ME).

Materials And Methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were comprehensively searched for studies comparing dexamethasone implant with ranibizumab in patients with ME. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central subfield thickness (CST), and adverse events were extracted from the final eligible studies.

One step DNA amplification of mammalian cells in picoliter microwell arrays.

We developed a strategy for direct DNA amplification of single cells on a PEG-modified silica chip with 30 600 picoliter-sized microwells. HPV-positive cells in heterogeneous populations were successfully detected with high accuracy sensitivity as high as single copy.

Quercetin inhibits transforming growth factor β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human retinal pigment epithelial cells via the Smad pathway.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect and mechanism of quercetin on TGF-β1-induced retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell proliferation, migration, and extracellular matrix secretion.

Materials And Methods: Cell counting kit-8, transwell, wound-healing assays, and ELISA were used to assess viability, migration, and collagen I secretion, respectively. Western blot analysis and qPCR were employed to detect mRNA and protein expression levels, respectively.

17β-estradiol ameliorates oxidative stress and blue light-emitting diode-induced retinal degeneration by decreasing apoptosis and enhancing autophagy.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the effects of 17β-estradiol (βE) on blue light-emitting diode (LED)-induced retinal degeneration (RD) in rats and hydrogen peroxide (HO)-induced retinal pigment epithelium cell injury in humans and elucidate the protective mechanism of βE underlying these processes.

Methods: Female ovariectomized (OVX) rats were intravitreally injected with βE2 before blue LED exposure (3,000 lux, 2 hours). Retinal function and morphology were assayed via electroretinogram (ERG) and H&E, respectively.