Energy Recovery from Hexavalent Chromium Reduction for Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Peroxide Production.

Recovering chemical energy embedded in pollutants is significant in achieving carbon-neutral industrial wastewater treatment. Considering that industrial wastewater is usually treated in a decentralized manner, utilization of chemical energy to achieve waste-to-treasure should be given priority. Herein, the chemical energy released by the electroreduction of Cr(VI) was used to enhance on-site HO generation in a stacked flow-through electrochemical system.

Assessing global drinking water potential from electricity-free solar water evaporation device.

Universal and equitable access to affordable safely managed drinking water (SMDW) is a significant challenge and is highlighted by the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals-6.1. However, SMDW coverage by 2030 is estimated to reach only 81% of the global population.

Redox-neutral electrochemical decontamination of hypersaline wastewater with high technology readiness level.

Industrial hypersaline wastewaters contain diverse pollutants that harm the environment. Recovering clean water, alkali and acid from these wastewaters can promote circular economy and environmental protection. However, current electrochemical and advanced oxidation processes, which rely on hydroxyl radicals to degrade organic compounds, are inefficient and energy intensive.

Pumping and sliding of droplets steered by a hydrogel pattern for atmospheric water harvesting.

Atmospheric water harvesting is an emerging strategy for decentralized and potable water supplies. However, water nucleation and microdroplet coalescence on condensing surfaces often result in surface flooding owing to the lack of a sufficient directional driving force for shedding. Herein, inspired by the fascinating properties of lizards and catfish, we present a condensing surface with engineered hydrogel patterns that enable rapid and sustainable water harvesting through the directional pumping and drag-reduced sliding of water droplets.

A novel upregulated hsa_circ_0032746 regulates the oncogenesis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by regulating miR-4270/MCM3 axis.

Introduction: Circular RNAs (CircRNA) have emerged as an interest of research in recent years due to its regulatory role in various kinds of cancers of human body. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the major disease subtype in Asian countries, including China. CircRNAs are formed by back-splicing covalently joined 3'- and 5'- ends rather than canonical splicing and are found to have binding affinity with miRNAs that conjointly contribute to oncogenesis.

LINC01116 modulates EMT process via binding with AGO1 mRNA in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Recent researches have uncovered that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are closely correlated with the development of different diseases, while biological functions and hidden molecular mechanisms of antisense lncRNAs in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain unclear. Here, we identified upregulation of LINC01116 in RNA sequencing data, online database, and in OSCC and intraepithelial neoplasia (IEN) specimens. Functionally, LINC01116 facilitates OSCC advancement and metastasis in vitro and vivo.

Detoxification and metabolism of glyphosate by a Pseudomonas sp. via biogenic manganese oxidation.

Biogenic manganese oxides (BMO) are widely distributed in groundwater and provides promise for adsorbing and oxidizing a wide range of micropollutants, however, the continuous biodegradation and bioavailability of micropollutants via cycle biogenic Mn(II) oxidation remains to be elucidated. In this study, glyphosate was degraded and to serve as the nutrient source by a Pseudomonas sp. QJX-1.

Macrophage GSK3β-deficiency inhibits the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma and enhances the sensitivity of anti-PD1 immunotherapy.

Background: Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) was originally discovered to regulate glycogen synthesis and show a relationship to tumors. However, the biological functions of GSK3β in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear.

Methods: The enrichment of GSK3β in tumor tissues was assessed by Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.

Decoding Single-cell Landscape and Intercellular Crosstalk in the Transplanted Liver.

Background: Liver transplantation (LT) is the most effective treatment for various end-stage liver diseases. However, the cellular complexity and intercellular crosstalk of the transplanted liver have constrained analyses of graft reconstruction after LT.

Methods: We established an immune-tolerated orthotopic LT mouse model to understand the physiological process of graft recovery and intercellular crosstalk.

LncRNA SNHG16 promotes development of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma by interacting with EIF4A3 and modulating RhoU mRNA stability.

Background: Numerous studies have revealed that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are closely related to the development of many diseases and carcinogenesis. However, their specific biological function and molecular mechanism in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear.

Methods: RNA-Seq was performed to determine the differential expressions of lncRNAs in ESCC, and the level of SNHG16 expression was detected in ESCC and intraepithelial neoplasia (IEN) samples.

Visualization of Electrochemically Accessible Sites in Flow-through Mode for Maximizing Available Active Area toward Superior Electrocatalytic Ammonia Oxidation.

Active chlorine species-mediated electrocatalytic oxidation is a promising strategy for ammonia removal in decentralized wastewater treatment. Flow-through electrodes (FTEs) provide an ideal platform for this strategy because of enhanced mass transport and sufficient electrochemically accessible sites. However, limited insight into spatial distribution of electrochemically accessible sites within FTEs inhibits the improvement of reactor efficiency and the reduction of FTE costs.

In Operando Visualization and Dynamic Manipulation of Electrochemical Processes at the Electrode-Solution Interface.

Revealing the dynamic processes at the electrode-solution interface is imperative for understanding electrochemical phenomena. Most techniques have been developed to sense the electrode surface changes at the nanoscale, but provide limited information on potential-induced interfacial ion redistribution at the mesoscale. Herein, we present an in operando visualization method utilizing a microfabricated electrochemical cell combined with a laser scanning confocal microscope to observe high-resolution and fast-response interfacial processes.

Measuring the elasticity of liquid-liquid phase separation droplets with biomembrane force probe.

Numerous biomacromolecules undergo liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) inside living cells and LLPS plays important roles in their functions. The droplets formed by LLPS molecules are complex fluids and their behavior follows fluid mechanics, thus studies on rheological and material properties are required to gain full insight into the biophysical mechanism of these droplets. Biophysical force spectroscopy techniques are particularly useful in this aspect.

Construction and Validation of an Immune-Related Gene Prognostic Index for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy may benefit patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC); however, novel biomarkers are needed to help predict the response of patients to treatment. Differentially expressed immune-related genes within The Cancer Genome Atlas ESCC dataset were selected using the weighted gene coexpression network and lasso Cox regression analyses. Based on these data, an immune-related gene prognostic index (IRGPI) was constructed.

Safety and efficacy of grazoprevir/elbasvir in the treatment of acute hepatitis C in hemodialysis patients.

Treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) in hemodialysis patients requires extensive consideration. At present, studies regarding DAAs for acute HCV infection in such patients are limited. The present study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of grazoprevir (GZR) plus elbasvir (EBR) treatment in acute hepatitis C (AHC) patients undergoing hemodialysis.

GdClean: removal of Gadolinium contamination in mass cytometry data.

Motivation: Mass cytometry (Cytometry by Time-Of-Flight, CyTOF) is a single-cell technology that is able to quantify multiplex biomarker expressions and is commonly used in basic life science and translational research. However, the widely used Gadolinium (Gd)-based contrast agents (GBCAs) in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning in clinical practice can lead to signal contamination on the Gd channels in the CyTOF analysis. This Gd contamination greatly affects the characterization of the real signal from Gd-isotope-conjugated antibodies, severely impairing the CyTOF data quality and ruining downstream single-cell data interpretation.

Arrayed Cobalt Phosphide Electrocatalyst Achieves Low Energy Consumption and Persistent H Liberation from Anodic Chemical Conversion.

Electrochemical reduction of water to hydrogen (H) offers a promising strategy for production of clean energy, but the design and optimization of electrochemical apparatus present challenges in terms of H recovery and energy consumption. Using cobalt phosphide nanoarrays (CoP/CoP NAs) as a charge mediator, we effectively separated the H and O evolution of alkaline water electrolysis in time, thereby achieving a membrane-free pathway for H purification. The hierarchical array structure and synergistic optimization of the electronic configuration of metallic CoP and metalloid CoP make the CoP/CoP NAs high-efficiency bifunctional electrocatalysts for both charge storage and hydrogen evolution.

Synergism of sweeping frequency ultrasound and deep eutectic solvents pretreatment for fractionation of sugarcane bagasse and enhancing enzymatic hydrolysis.

Sugarcane bagasse (SCB) is an abundant agricultural waste in China and the conversion of the waste into plethora of useful resources is very vital. To achieve this, fractionation of the waste is highly important in the biomass biorefinery. The present study aims at investigating the synergistic role of deep eutectic solvents (DES) with sweeping frequency ultrasound (SFUS) and fixed frequency ultrasound (FFUS) in the fractionation of SCB to enhance the enzymatic saccharification process.

Synergetic Lipid Extraction with Oxidative Damage Amplifies Cell-Membrane-Destructive Stresses and Enables Rapid Sterilization.

Here, we introduce an innovative "poison arrowhead" approach for disinfection based on a nanosheet bacterial inactivation system that acts synergistically to achieve sterilization rates of >99.99 % (Escherichia coli) over an ultrashort time period (≈0.5 min).

Multimode-ultrasound and microwave assisted natural ternary deep eutectic solvent sequential pretreatments for corn straw biomass deconstruction under mild conditions.

Mild and effective pretreatments are essential to deconstruct lignocellulosic biomass so as to reuse cellulose content for value-added products. In this study, sequential multimode-ultrasound and microwave with natural ternary deep eutectic solvent (NATDES) pretreatments were used to deconstruct corn straw and optimized factors such as NATDES, ultrasonic, and microwave parameters. Results indicated that the ultrasound-NATDES or microwave-NATDES pretreatment could remove 37.

Peroral endoscopic myotomy treatment for symptomatic esophageal diverticulum: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is a rapidly evolving technique for the treatment of esophageal diverticulum. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature focusing on POEM for symptomatic esophageal diverticula, including an in-depth evaluation of its efficacy, safety, and limitations. A comprehensive literature search was completed to identify articles that examined the efficacy and safety of POEM for esophageal diverticula.

Hot-Electron-Induced Photothermal Catalysis for Energy-Dependent Molecular Oxygen Activation.

Hot electrons activate reactants and reduce the activation energy barrier (E ) of a reaction through electron donation. However, a comprehensive understanding of the intrinsic driving force of this electron-donating effect is lacking, let alone the precise manipulation of electron donation processes. Herein, the essential and promotional role of hot electron energy on the electron-donating effect was elucidated using molecular oxygen activation (MOA) as a model reaction.

pH-Independent Production of Hydroxyl Radical from Atomic H*-Mediated Electrocatalytic HO Reduction: A Green Fenton Process without Byproducts.

Hydroxyl radical (OH) can hydroxylate or dehydrogenate organics without forming extra products and is thereby expediently applied in extensive domains. Although it can be efficiently produced through single-electron transfer from transition-metal-containing activators to hydrogen peroxide (HO), narrow applicable pH range, strict activator/HO ratio requirement, and byproducts that are formed in the mixture with the background matrix necessitate the need for additional energy-intensive up/downstream treatments. Here, we show a green Fenton process in an electrochemical cell, where the electro-generated atomic H* on a Pd/graphite cathode enables the efficient conversion of HO into OH and subsequent degradation of organic pollutants (80% efficiency).

Circular RNA hsa_circ_0005556 Accelerates Gastric Cancer Progression by Sponging miR-4270 to Increase MMP19 Expression.

Purpose: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a new class of RNA molecules whose function is largely unknown. There is a growing evidence that circRNAs play an important regulatory role in the progression of a variety of human cancers. However, the exact roles and the mechanisms of circRNAs in gastric cancer are not clear.