Unsupervised speckle denoising in digital holographic interferometry based on 4-f optical simulation integrated cycle-consistent generative adversarial network.

The speckle noise generated during digital holographic interferometry (DHI) is unavoidable and difficult to eliminate, thus reducing its accuracy. We propose a self-supervised deep-learning speckle denoising method using a cycle-consistent generative adversarial network to mitigate the effect of speckle noise. The proposed method integrates a 4-f optical speckle noise simulation module with a parameter generator.

A Method for Detecting the Vacuum Degree of Vacuum Glass Based on Digital Holography.

The vacuum degree is the key parameter reflecting the quality and performance of vacuum glass. This investigation proposed a novel method, based on digital holography, to detect the vacuum degree of vacuum glass. The detection system was composed of an optical pressure sensor, a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and software.

Impacts of Plant-derived Secondary Metabolites for Improving Flora in Type 2 Diabetes.

Background: Diabetes has become a problem that plagues public healthcare systems. Recent studies have shown that intestinal flora exerts positive therapeutic effects on metabolic diseases, and plant-derived secondary metabolites are safe, effective and easy to prepare and also have an impact on intestinal flora and diabetes; these drugs have rarely been reviewed before as a class of drugs for diabetes, especially focusing on the intestinal flora. Therefore, studying the relationship between plant-derived secondary metabolites and diabetes mellitus is crucial.

Allicin Alleviates Diabetes Mellitus by Inhibiting the Formation of Advanced Glycation End Products.

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) cause damage to pancreatic β-cells and trigger oxidative stress and inflammation, which promotes the development and progression of diabetes and its complications. Therefore, it is important to inhibit the formation of AGEs as part of the treatment of diabetes. Allicin is a natural antimicrobial agent with abundant pharmacological activities, and recent studies have reported its therapeutic effects in diabetes; however, the mechanism of these therapeutic effects is still unclear.

Speckle denoising based on deep learning via a conditional generative adversarial network in digital holographic interferometry.

Speckle denoising can improve digital holographic interferometry phase measurements but may affect experimental accuracy. A deep-learning-based speckle denoising algorithm is developed using a conditional generative adversarial network. Two subnetworks, namely discriminator and generator networks, which refer to the U-Net and DenseNet layer structures are used to supervise network learning quality and denoising.

Novel advances in inhibiting advanced glycation end product formation using natural compounds.

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are a group of complex compounds generated by nonenzymatic interactions between proteins and reducing sugars or lipids. AGEs accumulate in vivo and activate various signaling pathways closely related to the occurrence of various chronic metabolic diseases. In this paper, we describe the process through which AGEs are formed, the classification of AGEs, and biological effects of AGEs on human health.

Potential of Using Cell-Free DNA and miRNA in Breast Milk to Screen Early Breast Cancer.

Objective: An ideal sample source is critical for more reliable and sensitive early detection of nucleic acid changes associated with breast cancer. Breast milk (BM) is a good noninvasive origin for genetic testing of early breast cancer, but cells in BM are easily disintegrated. So we investigate here whether cell-free nucleic acid (cfNA) exists in BM in a more stable form and whether the quality of BM cfNA is good enough for genetic testing.

YAP enhances autophagic flux to promote breast cancer cell survival in response to nutrient deprivation.

The Yes-associated protein (YAP), a transcriptional coactivator inactivated by the Hippo tumor suppressor pathway, functions as an oncoprotein in a variety of cancers. However, its contribution to breast cancer remains controversial. This study investigated the role of YAP in breast cancer cells under nutrient deprivation (ND).

Digital holographic reconstruction of a local object field using an adjustable magnification.

In the research of digital holography, this paper presents a numerical method using an adjustable magnification for local object field reconstruction together with experiment verification. The method first designs a spherical wave according to the given magnification to illuminate the digital hologram, then through a Fourier transform of diffraction, it calculates the reconstructed image plane. Afterward, a filtering window is set in the image plane to extract the image of the local object field, and then the object field reached hologram plane is formed using diffraction's inverse operation.

Experimental and theoretical investigation of the pixel saturation effect in digital holography.

This paper presents an experimental investigation and an analytical modeling of the nonlinear pixel saturation effect in digital off-axis holography. The theoretical analysis is based on a semiempirical modeling and supported by the experimental analysis. Taking into account the nonlinearity of the phenomenon, an exponential law for the high-order harmonic amplitude is proposed and validated by the experimental results.

Real-time three-sensitivity measurements based on three-color digital Fresnel holographic interferometry.

This Letter presents a method for real-time 3D measurements based on three-color digital holographic interferometry. The optical setup is considerably simplified, since the reference beams are combined into a unique beam. A convolution algorithm allows the three monochrome images to be superposed to provide simultaneous full-field 3D measurements.

Molecular cloning and functional characterization of a mouse gene upregulated by lipopolysaccharide treatment reveals alternative splicing.

Treatment of mouse cells with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) potently initiates an inflammatory response, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We therefore sought to characterize cDNA sequences of a new mouse LPS-responsive gene, and to evaluate the effects of MLrg. Full-length cDNAs were obtained from LPS-treated NIH3T3 cells.

[Expression of mouse lipopolysaccharide response protein LRP in E. coli and preparation of rabbit anti-mLRP serum].

Aim: To express mouse lipopolysaccharide response protein (mLRP) and prepare rabbit anti-mLRP serum.

Methods: The predicted mouse lrp cDNA sequence was obtained by splicing homologous ESTs by comparing human lrp cDNA with mouse ESTs. Then the primers were designed.