Identification, functional analysis of chitin-binding proteins and the association of its single nucleotide polymorphisms with Vibrio parahaemolyticus resistance in Penaeus vannamei.

Chitin-binding proteins (CBPs) play pivotal roles in numerous biological processes in arthropods, including growth, molting, reproduction, and immune defense. However, their function in the antibacterial immune defense of crustaceans remains relatively underexplored. In this study, twenty CBPs were identified and characterized in Penaeus vannamei.

Genome-wide analysis of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter in Penaeus vannamei and identification of two ABC genes involved in immune defense against Vibrio parahaemolyticus by affecting NF-κB signaling pathway.

The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters have crucial roles in various biological processes such as growth, development and immune defense in eukaryotes. However, the roles of ABC transporters in the immune system of crustaceans remain elusive. In this study, 38 ABC genes were systematically identified and characterized in Penaeus vannamei.

Transcriptomic analysis of gills in nitrite-tolerant and -sensitive families of Litopenaeus vannamei.

Nitrite stress is a major environmental factor that limits aquatic animal growth, reproduction and survival. Even so, some shrimps still can withstand somewhat high concentrations of nitrite environment. However, few studies have been conducted about the tolerance molecular mechanism of Litopenaeus vannamei in the high concentration nitrite.

Hg Significantly Enhancing the Peroxidase-Like Activity of HTCPP/ZnS/CoS Nanoperoxidases by Inducing the Formation of Surface-Cation Defects and Application for the Sensitive and Selective Detection of Hg in the Environment.

Exploring excellent peroxidase mimics with enhanced peroxidase-like activity is important to the construction of a fast, low-cost, and convenient colorimetric sensing platform for heavy ions. In this work, 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (HTCPP) was first used to modify ZnS/CoS and make it show better peroxidase-like activity. The metal-cation vacancies generated by Hg contacting HTCPP/ZnS/CoS further stimulate the catalytic activity.

Integrated analysis of physiological, transcriptomic and metabolomic responses and tolerance mechanism of nitrite exposure in Litopenaeus vannamei.

Nitrite accumulation in aquatic environments is a potential risk factor that disrupts multiple physiological functions in aquatic animals. In this study, the physiology, transcriptome and metabolome of the control group (LV-C), nitrite-tolerance group (LV-NT) and nitrite-sensitive group (LV-NS) were investigated to identify the stress responses and mechanisms underlying the nitrite tolerance of Litopenaeus vannamei. After LV-NT and LV-NS were subjected to nitrite stress, the hemocyanin contents were significantly decreased, and hepatopancreas showed severe histological damage compared with LV-C.

Hierarchical multi-shell 66-nuclei silver nanoclusters trapping subvalent Ag kernels.

Hierarchical nano structures are hard to fabircate. Here, we present three novel hierarchical multi-shell 66-nuclei silver nanoclusters, trapping ultrasmall Ag64+ nano-fragments by nine MoO42- ions. This Ag6@(MoO4)9 core is further wrapped by an outer Ag60 shell.

Carboxylic acid stimulated silver shell isomerism in a triple core-shell Ag nanocluster.

Isomerization is highly important in all aspects of science, yet it is rarely observed in nanoscience. Here, we synthesized a unique triple core-shell Ag nanocluster displaying isomerism, which is controlled by different carboxylic acids and a one-way transformation ( → ). The innermost core is a rare Ag nanocluster which comprises an Ag octahedral unit as seen in face-centred cubic (fcc) silver metal and four capped Ag atoms.

Three Chiral Cyanide-Bridged Cr-Cu Complexes: Synthesis, Crystal Structures and Magnetic Properties.

Two trans-dicyanidochromium(III)-containing building blocks and one chiral copper(II) compound have been employed to assemble cyanide-bridged heterometallic complexes, resulting in three chiral cyanide-bridged Cr(III)-Cu(II) complexes, [Cu(L1)2Cr(L3)(CN)2]ClO42 · CH3OH · H2O (1a, L1 = (S,S)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane, H2L3 =1,2-bis(pyridine- 2-carboxamido)benzene), [Cu(L2)2Cr(L2)(CN)2]ClO42 · CH3OH · H2O (1b, L2 = (R,R)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane) [Cu(L3)2Cr(L4)(CN)2][Cr(L4)(CN)2] · CH3OH · 2H2O (2), (H2L4 = 1,2-bis(pyridine-2-carboxamido)-4-chlorobenzene). All the three complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy and X-ray structure determination. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the two enantiomeric complexes 1a, 1b and the complex 2 belong to cyanide-bridged cationic binuclear structure type with ClO4 - or the anionic cyanide building block as balance anion for complexes 1a, 1b or 2, respectively.

Enclosing classical polyoxometallates in silver nanoclusters.

Due to the elusive nature of polyoxometallates (POMs) in the assembly of silver clusters, POMs trapped by silver clusters are usually different from the pristine form, which surely increases the novelty of the assembly results but makes the final structure predictability challenging. Herein, three novel high-nuclearity silver-thiolate clusters trapping two kinds of classical POMs, Lindqvist-Mo6O192- and V10O286-, are reported. They are identified to be [(V10O28)@Ag44] (SD/Ag44a), [(V10O28)@Ag46] (SD/Ag46), and [(Mo6O19)@Ag44] (SD/Ag44b) clusters, which are further extended to 1D chain, 2D sql layer, and 3D pcu framework, respectively.

Stress response and tolerance mechanisms of ammonia exposure based on transcriptomics and metabolomics in Litopenaeus vannamei.

Ammonia, one of the major limiting environment factors in aquaculture, may pose a threat to the shrimp growth, reproduction and survival. In this study, to understand molecular differences of transcriptomic and metabolomic responses and investigate the tolerance mechanisms underlying ammonia stress in Litopenaeus vannamei, ammonia-tolerant family (LV-AT) and ammonia-sensitive family (LV-AS) of these two extreme families were exposed to high-concentration (NHCl, 46 mg/L) ammonia for 24 h. The comparative transcriptome analysis between ammonia-treated and control (LV-C) groups revealed involvement of immune defense, cytoskeleton remodeling, antioxidative system and metabolic pathway in ammonia-stress response of L.

Space Craft-like Octanuclear Co(II)-Silsesquioxane Nanocages: Synthesis, Structure, Magnetic Properties, Solution Behavior, and Catalytic Activity for Hydroboration of Ketones.

Two novel space craft-like octanuclear Co(II)-silsesquioxane nanocages, {Co[(MeSiO)](dmpz)} (SD/Co8a) and {Co[(PhSiO)](dmpz)} (SD/Co8b) (SD = SunDi; Hdmpz = 3,5-dimethylpyrazole), have been constructed from two similar multidentate silsesquioxane ligands assisted with a pyrazole ligand. The Co skeleton consists of eight tetrahedral Co(II) ions arranged in a ring and is further capped by two (MeSiO) ligands up and down. The auxiliary dmpz ligands seal the ring finally.

Preparation of polysubstituted dihydrofurans through a PhI(OAc)-promoted haloenolcyclization of olefinic dicarbonyl compounds.

A metal-free cyclization of olefinic dicarbonyl compounds for the synthesis of various 5-halomethyl-4,5-dihydrofurans is presented. Using (diacetoxyiodo)benzene as the reaction promoter and halotrimethylsilane as the halogen source, the intramolecular haloenolcyclization of the 2-allyl-1,3-dicarbonyl compounds smoothly proceeded, leading to the corresponding 5-halomethyl-4,5-dihydrofurans in good to excellent isolated yields. Moreover, the resulting 5-iodomethyl products could be converted to functionalized furans in almost quantitative yields by treatment with DBU followed by acid-catalyzed rearrangement.

Preparation of oxazolines and oxazoles via a PhI(OAc)-promoted cyclization of N-propargylamides.

A metal-free cyclization of N-propargylamides for the synthesis of various oxazolines and oxazoles via a 5-exo-dig process is presented. Using (diacetoxyiodo)benzene (PIDA) as a reaction promoter and lithium iodide (LiI) as an iodine source, intramolecular iodooxygenation of N-propargylamides proceeded readily, leading to the corresponding (E)-5-iodomethylene-2-oxazolines in good to excellent isolated yields. In addition, using the PhI(OAc)2/LiI system, N-propargylamides can be converted to the corresponding oxazole-5-carbaldehydes in the presence of oxygen under visible light irradiation.

A New Member of the Inverted Cucurbit[n]uril Family.

A new inverted cucurbituril, namely inverted hexamethylcucurbit[3,3]uril (iMe Q[3,3]), has been isolated and characterized. It incorporates a single inverted un-substituted glycoluril unit oriented towards the interior of the cavity, shows good solubility in water and organic solvents (DMSO), and exhibits different selectivity for guests to those of iQ[6] and other known Q[6]s.

Association between Th17-related cytokines and risk of non-small cell lung cancer among patients with or without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: CD4 (+) T helper 17 (Th17) cells play critical roles in inflammation and tumor development. The involvement of Th17 cells in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-type inflammation-associated lung cancer has also been confirmed in animal models. However, to the authors' knowledge, it is unknown whether the role of Th17 cells is different in patients with lung cancer complicated with COPD compared with those without COPD.

[Normative research on bacteriostasis and relieving itching external therapeutic function of kochiae fructus].

Objective: To normalize bacteriostasis and relieving itching external therapeutic function of Kochiae Fructus.

Methods: Itching guinea pig model caused by histamine, itching mice model, eczema guinea pig model caused by OVA, and inhibitory effect on pathogens in vitro were used to observe the itching threshold, symptoms and other related physiological index, as well as the inhibitory effect on the normal skin fungi by water extraction of Kochiae Fructus to evaluate the external therapeutic function of Kochiae Fructus.

Results: The itching threshold of guinea pig itching model treated by water extraction of Kochiae Fructus at high, medium and low three dosage level, could be significantly increased when compared with negative control group (P < 0.

Upregulation of heparanase in high-glucose-treated endothelial cells promotes endothelial cell migration and proliferation and correlates with Akt and extracellular-signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation.

Purpose: The objectives of this study were to determine whether high-glucose-induced upregulation of heparanase (HPSE) expression and differential heparanase expression in human retinal vascular endothelial cells (HRECs) can alter HREC migration and proliferation. We also aimed to determine whether HREC migration and proliferation correlate with the levels of protein kinase B (Akt) and extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation and activation.

Methods: HRECs were treated with either 5 mM glucose (Glu5) or high (30 mM) glucose (Glu30) for 48 h.

Diaqua-(1,10-phenanthrolin-2-ol)nickel(II) dinitrate.

In the mononuclear title complex, [Ni(C(12)H(8)N(2)O)(2)(H(2)O)(2)](NO(3))(2), the Ni(II) ion is coordinated in a distorted octa-hedral geometry. The dihedral angle between the two mean planes defined by the phenanthroline ligands is 88.26 (6)°.

Perchloratobis[1-(1,10-phenanthrolin-2-yl)-2-pyridone]zinc(II) perchlorate.

In the title mononuclear complex, [Zn(ClO(4))(C(17)H(11)N(3)O)(2)]ClO(4), the Zn(II) ion is coordinated in a distorted octa-hedral geometry. The dihedral angles between the pyridine rings and the mean planes of the 1,10-phenanthroline ring system in each of the 1-(1,10-phenanthrolin-2-yl)-2-pyridone (PP) ligands is 24.51 (10)° for the tridendate PP ligand and 73.

Developmental expression of cyclin H and Cdk7 in zebrafish: the essential role of cyclin H during early embryo development.

Cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (Cdk7) is the catalytic subunit of the metazoan Cdk-activating kinase (CAK). Activation of Cdk7 requires its association with a regulatory subunit, Cyclin H. Although the Cdk7/Cyclin H complex has been implicated in the regulation of RNA polymerase in several species, the precise function of their orthologs in zebrafish has not been fully elucidated.

[Research on effect of total saponins of yinfenglun on uterine].

Objective: To research the effect of total saponins of Yinfenglun on uterine.

Method: Models of uterine inflammation were established to observe the effect of total saponins of Yinfenglun. Uterine contractive effects were studied on rats in vitro and on rabbit in vivo.