Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz polysaccharide ameliorates DSS-induced colitis in mice by regulating the gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolism.

Background And Purpose: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease, and the range of current clinical treatments is not ideal. We previously found that polysaccharide of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz (PAMK) is beneficial in DSS-induced colitis, and we aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms in this study.

Experimental Approach: PAMK was used to treat DSS-induced colitis in mice, 16S rRNA sequencing analysis was used to detect changes in the intestinal microbiota, targeted metabolomics analysis was used to determine the content of tryptophan-metabolizing bacteria, and western blotting was used to determine aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and pregnane X receptor (PXR) levels.

2,4-Decadienoic Acid, a Novel Anti-Oomycete Agent from Coculture of Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma asperellum.

Phytophthora nicotianae is an oomycete pathogen of global significance threatening many important crops. It is mainly controlled by chemosynthetic fungicides, which endangers ecosystem and human health; thus, there is an urgent need to explore alternatives for these fungicides. In this study, a new anti-oomycete aliphatic compound, 2,4decadienoic acid (DDA), was obtained through coculture of Bacillus subtilis Tpb55 and Trichoderma asperellum HG1.

Transcriptome Analysis of Apples in High-Temperature Treatments Reveals a Role of MdLBD37 in the Inhibition of Anthocyanin Accumulation.

Coloring in apple fruit due to anthocyanin accumulation is inhibited by high temperature; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, total anthocyanin and cyanidin 3-galactoside contents were determined and compared between cv. 'Redchief Delicious' apple fruits at 25 °C and 35 °C treatments.

Immune Dysfunctions of CD56 NK Cells Are Associated With HIV-1 Disease Progression.

Background: Populations of natural killer cells lacking CD56 expression [CD56 natural killer (NK) cells] have been demonstrated to expand during human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection. However, their phenotypic and functional characteristics have not been systematically analyzed, and their roles during disease progression remain poorly understood.

Methods: In this study, 84 donors, namely 34 treatment-naïve HIV-1-infected patients (TNs), 29 HIV-1-infected patients with successful antiretroviral therapy (ARTs), and 21 healthy controls (HCs), were enrolled.

LncRNA MEG8 plays an oncogenic role in hepatocellular carcinoma progression through miR-367-3p/14-3-3ζ/TGFβR1 axis.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide, and it carries a poor prognosis. Clarifying the pathologic mechanisms of this disease will be beneficial for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC. LncRNA MEG8 is involved in several tumors but its role in HCC progression remains unknown.

The interaction mechanism between fludarabine and human serum albumin researched by comprehensive spectroscopic methods and molecular docking technique.

Fludarabine (Flu) is widely used to treat B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. HSA is of the essence to human, especially in blood circulation system. The interaction mechanism between Flu and HSA was studied by comprehensive spectroscopic methods and molecular docking technique.

Shikonin sensitizes wild‑type EGFR NSCLC cells to erlotinib and gefitinib therapy.

As patients with non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and wild‑type epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are resistant to treatment with erlotinib or gefitinib, potential chemosensitizers are required to potentiate wild‑type EGFR NSCLC cells to erlotinib/gefitinib treatment. The present study reported that shikonin could sensitize the anticancer activity of erlotinib/gefitinib in wild‑type EGFR NSCLC cells. Furthermore, shikonin could potentiate mitochondrial‑mediated apoptosis induced by erlotinib/gefitinib in wild‑type EGFR NSCLC cells.

Evodiamine induces apoptosis and promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cell death induced by vorinostat via downregulating HIF-1α under hypoxia.

Hypoxia promotes HCC progression and therapy resistance, and there is no systemic treatment for HCC patients after sorafenib resistance. Thus, it is urgent to develop potential therapeutic regimens for HCC patients by targeting hypoxia signaling. In this study, we showed that evodiamine might be a potential therapeutic medicine for HCC by suppressing HIF-1α.

Scutellaria barbata D. Don inhibits colorectal cancer growth via suppression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Objective: To investigate the effect of the ethanol extract of Scutellaria barbata D. Don (EESB) on colorectal cancer (CRC) growth and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro.

Methods: In vivo experiment, CRC xenograft mouse model was constructed with injection of HT-29 cells.

Three-dimensional ordered mesoporous CoO enhanced by Pd for oxygen evolution reaction.

Considerable efforts have been devoted recently to design and fabrication of high performance and low cost electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, catalytic activity of current electrocatalysts is usually restricted by high onset potential and limited active sites. Herein, we fabricated three-dimensional (3D) highly ordered mesoporous Pd-CoO composite materials as excellent electrocatalysts for OER in alkaline solution with high activity and stability.

Epothilone B induces apoptosis and enhances apoptotic effects of ABT-737 on human cancer cells via PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.

Purpose: Epothilone B and its derivatives are tested in multiple clinical trials. Epothilone B induces neurotoxic effect in clinical trials; however, low-dose epothilone B regimen can promote neuroprotection and neurogenesis. Thus, the study of new combination chemotherapy regimen incorporating low-dose epothilone B with other chemotherapeutic agents might help to develop epothilone B-based approaches to cancer treatment and avoid the neurotoxicity of epothilone B.

Au-NiCo2O4 supported on three-dimensional hierarchical porous graphene-like material for highly effective oxygen evolution reaction.

A three-dimensional hierarchical porous graphene-like (3D HPG) material was synthesized by a one-step ion-exchange/activation combination method using a cheap metal ion exchanged resin as carbon precursor. The 3D HPG material as support for Au-NiCo2O4 gives good activity and stability for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The 3D HPG material is induced into NiCo2O4 as conductive support to increase the specific area and improve the poor conductivity of NiCo2O4.

3',6'-Bis(ethyl-amino)-2',7'-dimethyl-2-{2-(E)-[(thio-phen-2-yl)methyl-idene-amino]-eth-yl}spiro-[isoindoline-1,9'-xanthen]-3-one methanol monosolvate.

The title compound, C(33)H(34)N(4)O(2)S·CH(3)OH, was prepared as a spiro-lactam ring formation of rhodamine 6 G dye for comparison with a ring-opened form. The xanthene and spiro-lactam rings are approximately planar [r.m.

[Effects of applying different nitrogen form on cherry tomato nitrogen metabolism during fruit development].

A hydroponic experiment was conducted to study the effects of applying 100% NO3- -N, 100% NH4+ -N, and 75% NO3- -N+25% NH4+ -N on the nitrogen metabolism and the nitrate reductase (NR) and glutamine synthetase (GS) gene expression of cherry tomato during its fruit development. Applying 75% NO3- -N+25% NH4+ -N slightly increased the single fruit mass, and increased the fruit NH4+ -N, total amino acid, and total N contents and N accumulation significantly, compared with applying 100% NO3- -N. In treatments 100% NO3- -N and 75% NO3- -N + 25% NH4+ -N, the fruit NR activity and its gene expression had no significant difference, but were higher than those in treatment 100% NH4+ -N.

[SERS spectra of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae (Xoo) on nano silver film prepared by electrolysis method].

The nano silver film was prepared by electrolysis method using silver nitrate and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in deionized water as the electrolyte, with four glass slides put in the electrolyte and two silver rods dipped into the electrolyte as the anode and cathode. A direct current was applied to the rods, then the four glass slides stayed in the silver colloids. Thus the authors got the nano silver film.

Role of splanchnic hemodynamics in liver regeneration after living donor liver transplantation.

The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in splanchnic hemodynamics after LDLT and their relationship with graft regeneration. Eighteen patients with LDLT December 2006 and June 2008 were enrolled, and color Doppler ultrasonography was performed preoperatively and on postoperative days (PODs) 1, 3, 5, 7, 30, and 90 after transplantation. The changes in the portal blood flow mean velocity (PBV) and portal blood flow volume (PBF) were monitored, and their effects on hepatic function were observed simultaneously.

Effects of large dose of dexamethasone on inflammatory mediators and pancreatic cell apoptosis of rats with severe acute pancreatitis.

Aim: To investigate the influence of high dose of dexamethasone on inflammatory mediators and apoptosis of rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).

Methods: SAP rats were randomly assigned to the model group and treatment group while the normal rats were assigned to the sham operation group. The mortality, ascite volumes, ascites/body weight ratio and pancreas pathological changes of all rats were observed at 3, 6 and 12 h after operation.

Protective effects and mechanisms of Baicalin and octreotide on renal injury of rats with severe acute pancreatitis.

Aim: To investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of Baicalin and octreotide on renal injury of rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).

Methods: One hundred and eighty SD rats were randomly assigned to the model group, Baicalin-treated group, octreotide-treated group and sham operation group. The mortality, plasma endotoxin level, contents of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CREA), phospholipase A2 (PLA2), nitrogen monoxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, IL-6 and endothelin-1 (ET-1) in serum, expression levels of renal Bax and Bcl-2 protein, apoptotic indexes and pathological changes of kidney were observed at 3, 6 and 12 h after operation.

[Comparative study on SERS and stability of negative silver colloids].

Negatively charged colloidal nano-silver particles were prepared by the colloidal chemical method. A 1.7% solution of silver nitrate (2 mL) was diluted with deionized water to 100 mL.

[High-dose urokinase for thrombolysis following replantation of severed limbs or fingers].

Objective: To study the efficacy of intravenous urokinase administration in preventing and treating vascular crisis in limb or finger replantation (LFR).

Methods: From September, 1999 to October, 2003, 158 patients underwent RSLF in whom 600,000 U of urokinase diluted in 30 ml saline was injected intravenously after blood vessel suture. An intermittent dose (200,000 U) per 12 h given postoperatively for maintenance.