Conservation and diversification of the transcriptomes of adult Paragonimus westermani and P. skrjabini.

Background: Paragonimiasis is an important and widespread neglected tropical disease. Fifteen Paragonimus species are human pathogens, but two of these, Paragonimus westermani and P. skrjabini, are responsible for the bulk of human disease.

[Preparation of agar-paraffin double-embedded longitudinal sections of Schistosoma japonicum].

Schistosoma japonicum adults are pre-embedded in a double-layer agar and made the block, then dehydrated with alcohol, isobutyl alcohol and n-butyl alcohol. Various staining procedures can be conducted after conventional sectioning and dewaxing. Complete longitudinal serial sections of the pre-embedded worms can be obtained, and the desired sections can be easily located accurately.

[Screening and analysis of peptides specifically binding to the schistosomulum tegument of Schistosoma japonicum].

Objective: To screen and analyze the peptides in 12 phage-display peptide library specifically binding to the schistosomulum, not cercaria, tegument of Schistosoma japonicum.

Methods: A 12 phage-display peptide library was screened with the S. japonicum schistosomula and cercariae as the target cells for biopanning by degrees, 15 positive clones were picked randomly and deduced by DNA sequencing.

[Pathogen identification of 10 suspected cases of sparganosis mansoni].

Objective: To diagnose 10 cases of clinically suspected cases of sparganosis mansoni by pathogen identification.

Methods: In the period from August 2009 to August 2011, 10 biopsy specimens were obtained from 10 patients of four hospitals to identify the pathogen. Among the 10 cases, 4 cases showed abdominal subcutaneous mass, 3 showed eyelid swelling, 1 displayed brain lesions, 1 showed pulmonary mass, and 1 showed pleural effusion.

[Effect of melatonin on glial fibrillary acidic protein, nuclear factor-kB and synaptophysin expressions in aging mice].

Objective: To study the effect of melatonin on the expressions of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB p65) and synaptophysin in mice of different ages.

Methods: Twenty young male B6C3F1 mice (5.5 months) and 20 aged mice (26 months) were both divided into control and melatonin treatment (daily dose of 0.

[An efficient and accurate method for counting target molecules in phage-display peptide library].

The phage titer of samples representing the low, intermediate and high phage number was respectively determined by the double-layer agar plate (DLAP) method and real-time PCR assay. The two methods accurately measured the titer of samples. The plaques from about 1/3 double-agar layer plates could be used to determine the phage titer.

[Recombinant plasmid ZLW/pEGFP-C2 transfection into schistosomula of Schistosoma japonicum].

Objective: To study the efficiency of ZLW/pEGFP-C2 plasmid transfection into Schistosoma japonicum schistosomula and observe its in vitro effect of anti-schistosomula.

Methods: Recombinant plasmid ZLW/pEGFP-C2 was transfected into mechanically transformed schistosomula by immersion in 0.75% DMSO and high concentration of plasmid.

Karyopherin alpha 2 (KPNA2) is associated with the natural resistance to Schistosoma japanicum infection in Microtus fortis.

Microtus fortis is a naturally vertebrate host resistant to Schistosoma japonicum infection. In order to understand the molecular mechanism and identify the molecules related to the natural resistance to S. japanicum infection of M.

[Screening and characterization of peptides specifically binding to the schistosomulum tegument of Schistosoma japonicum].

Objective: To screen and analyze the peptides in 12 phage-display peptide library specifically binding to the schistosomulum tegument of Schistosoma japonicum.

Methods: A 12 phage-display peptide library was screened with the S. japonicum schistosomula as the target cells for biopanning by degrees, positive clones picked randomly were deduced by DNA sequencing.

Identification of the resistance of a novel molecule heat shock protein 90alpha (HSP90alpha) in Microtus fortis to Schistosoma japonicum infection.

Microtus fortis is a naturally resistant vertebrate host of Schistosoma japonicum by preventing completion of parasite's life cycle. Sera of M. fortis were found to have anti-schistosome effect in vitro and in vivo.

[Exploratory thinking on the control technologies of Schistosomiasis japonica].

In this paper, the authors elaborated the difficulties of schistosomiasis control and analyzed shortages and problems of the skills currently used. In order to consolidate the progress in schistosomiasis control and reach the transmission-blocking target, research priorities on the disease control technologies are proposed.

[Analysis of HLA-Cw, KIR2D genetic variations in 2 Chinese populations].

Objective: To explore the genetic variations of HLA-Cw and 5 KIR2D loci in 2 Chinese Han populations residing at Southern and Northern mainland China, respectively, and to investigate the HLA-Cw polymorphism of a Mongolian Chinese population.

Methods: HLA-Cw genotyping was performed in a total of 293 healthy individuals including 1 Southern Han population living in Hunan Province (n=112), 1 Northern Han population (n=98) and 1 Mongolian Chinese population(n=83) in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, using polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer(PCR-SSP) technique. Dimorphism at residue 80 of domain in the HLA-Cw molecule was examined by an additional set of PCR-SSP reactions.

Immunization of mice with cells from juvenile worms of Schistosoma japonicum provides immunoprotection against schistosomiasis.

To validate the protective efficacy against schistosomiasis by immunization with cells from juvenile Schistosoma japonicum in a murine model and to analyze possible factors related to protection, in this study, two independent repeated vaccination trials were performed. After three subcutaneous vaccinations, in trial one, in the absence of adjuvant, primary juvenile worm cells (pJCs) from S. japonicum induced remarkable average reductions in worm burden (54.

[Biological identification on sub-cultivation cells of Schistosoma japonicum adult worms in vitro].

Cultivation of cells from 30-day old Schistosoma japonicum (S.j) adult worms showed that the growth features of the cells were semi-floating and accumulative. The survival rate of the primary cells, passage cells prior to the 5th generation and recovered cells was all up to 90%.

[Study on the relationship of immune status with severity of schistosomiasis japonica in fishermen in the Dongting Lake].

Objective: To investigate the relationship of the immune status and the intensity of infection or the severity of the hepatosplenic pathology among fishermen with schistosomiasis japonica in the Dongting Lake region.

Methods: Inquiring and physical examination (IPE), stool examination, B-ultrasonography of the liver and spleen, flow cytometry, turbidimetry and ELISA were undertaken to acquire or determine the intensity of infection (EPG in stool), pathological change in the liver and spleen and the level of cellular and humoral immunity. Data were analyzed with SPSS 10.

[Identification of the source and types of cells of Schistosoma japonicum by histochemical staining].

Objective: To study the possibility on in vitro identifying the source or kinds of cells from Schistosoma japonicum (S.j).

Methods: The cells from digested tissues of 18 days old schistosomula were smeared on slides.

[Analysis on morbidity and chemotherapy effects of Schistosoma japonicum infection in fishermen on Dongting Lake].

Objective: To clarify and evaluate the morbidity of schistosome infection and the effectiveness of chemotherapy among fishermen on East Dongting Lake.

Methods: Information on water-contact, history of infection and of praziquantel (PZQ) treatment among fishermen was collected. Kato-Katz method and miracidium hatching test were applied to detect the pathogens in stool specimen.