Author Correction: Human somatic cell mutagenesis creates genetically tractable sarcomas.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Cross-species genomics identifies DLG2 as a tumor suppressor in osteosarcoma.

Leveraging the conserved cancer genomes across mammals has the potential to transform driver gene discovery in orphan cancers. Here, we combine cross-species genomics with validation across human-dog-mouse systems to uncover a new bone tumor suppressor gene. Comparative genomics of spontaneous human and dog osteosarcomas (OS) expose Disks Large Homolog 2 (DLG2) as a tumor suppressor candidate.

LDOC1 regulates Wnt5a expression and osteosarcoma cell metastasis and is correlated with the survival of osteosarcoma patients.

Osteosarcomas are common bone malignancies in children and adolescents. LDOC1 (leucine zipper, down-regulated in cancer 1), a tumor suppressor, is down-regulated in many cancers. In this study, we investigated the role of LDOC1 in tumor metastasis and its prognostic significance in osteosarcomas.

Human somatic cell mutagenesis creates genetically tractable sarcomas.

Creating spontaneous yet genetically tractable human tumors from normal cells presents a fundamental challenge. Here we combined retroviral and transposon insertional mutagenesis to enable cancer gene discovery starting with human primary cells. We used lentiviruses to seed gain- and loss-of-function gene disruption elements, which were further deployed by Sleeping Beauty transposons throughout the genome of human bone explant mesenchymal cells.

Critical role of heat shock protein 27 in bufalin-induced apoptosis in human osteosarcomas: a proteomic-based research.

Bufalin is the primary component of the traditional Chinese herb "Chan Su". Evidence suggests that this compound possesses potent anti-tumor activities, although the exact molecular mechanism(s) is unknown. Our previous study showed that bufalin inhibited growth of human osteosarcoma cell lines U2OS and U2OS/MTX300 in culture.

Glycogen synthase kinase-3β, NF-κB signaling, and tumorigenesis of human osteosarcoma.

Background: Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), a serine/threonine protein kinase, may function as a tumor suppressor or an oncogene, depending on the tumor type. We sought to determine the biological function of GSK-3β in osteosarcoma, a rare pediatric cancer for which the identification of new therapeutic targets is urgent.

Methods: We used cell viability assays, colony formation assays, and apoptosis assays to analyze the effects of altered GSK-3β expression in U2OS, MG63, SAOS2, U2OS/MTX300, and ZOS osteosarcoma cell lines.

[Wide resection and brachytherapy management of extremity soft tissue sarcoma close to neurovascular bundle].

Objective: With the extremity soft tissue sarcoma close to neurovascular bundle, combined en bloc resection and brachytherapy or simple en bloc resection were performed to evaluate the treatment outcome of the combined en bloc resection and brachytherapy.

Methods: Retrospectively investigation was performed for the extremity soft tissue sarcoma close to neurovascular bundle between 2000 and 2009. Inclusion criteria were primary extremity soft tissue sarcoma, MRI showed that the reaction zone involved the main neurovascular bundle, and the reaction zone closed less than 1 cm to the main neurovascular bundle.

Salinomycin inhibits osteosarcoma by targeting its tumor stem cells.

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone tumor in children and adolescents and is typically associated with a poor prognosis. Tumor stem cells (TSCs) are presumed to drive tumor initiation and tumor relapse or metastasis. Hence, the poor prognosis of osteosarcoma likely results from a failure to target the osteosarcoma stem cells.

Enrichment of osteosarcoma stem cells by chemotherapy.

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone cancer in children and adolescents. Emerging evidence has suggested that the capability of a tumor to grow is driven by a small subset of cells within a tumor, termed cancer stem cells (CSCs). Although several methods have been explored to identify or enrich CSCs in osteosarcoma, these methods sometimes seem impractical, and chemotherapy enrichment for CSCs in osteosarcoma is rarely investigated.