Eosinophils and drugs for eosinophilia are associated with the risk of colorectal cancer: a Mendelian randomization study.

Eosinophils have the potential to exhibit both anti-tumor properties and tumor-promoting effects. However, the impact of eosinophil levels in the bloodstream on tumorigenesis risk remains inadequately explored. Furthermore, investigations regarding the association between drugs regulating eosinophils and cancer risk are currently absent.

Platelet glycogenolysis is important for energy production and function.

Although the presence of glycogen in platelets was established in the 1960s, its importance to specific functions (., activation, secretion, aggregation, and clot contraction) remains unclear. Patients with glycogen storage disease often present with increased bleeding and glycogen phosphorylase (GP) inhibitors, when used as treatments for diabetes, induce bleeding in preclinical studies suggesting some role for this form of glucose in hemostasis.

Long-Term Evaluation of Retinal Morphology and Function in Rosa26-Cas9 Knock-In Mice.

The CRISPR/Cas9 system is a robust, efficient, and cost-effective gene editing tool widely adopted in translational studies of ocular diseases. However, in vivo CRISPR-based editing in animal models poses challenges such as the efficient delivery of the CRISPR components in viral vectors with limited packaging capacity and a Cas9-associated immune response. Using a germline Cas9-expressing mouse model would help to overcome these limitations.

A sensitive and adaptable method to measure platelet-fibrin clot contraction kinetics.

Background: Platelet-fibrin clot contraction is critical for wound closure and maintenance of vessel patency, yet a molecular understanding of the process has lagged because of a lack of flexible quantitative assay systems capable of assaying multiple samples simultaneously.

Objectives: We devised a sensitive and inexpensive method to assess clot contraction kinetics under multiple conditions.

Methods: Clot contraction was measured using time-lapse digital photography, automated image processing with customized software, and detailed kinetic analysis using available commercial programs.

A new pyroptosis model can predict the immunotherapy response and immune microenvironment characteristics and prognosis of patients with cutaneous melanoma based on TCGA and GEO databases.

Background: Recent studies have shown that pyroptosis is related to cancer development. Our previous study also found that gasdermins (GSDMs) was associated with the tumor immune microenvironment. Therefore, we wanted to observe the relationship between pyroptosis and the immune microenvironment and prognosis of skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM).

A pan-cancer analysis of the expression of gasdermin genes in tumors and their relationship with the immune microenvironment.

Background: Gasdermins (GSDMs) are a class of proteins related to pyrolysis and in humans, consist of GSDMA, GSDMB, GSDMC, GSDMD, DFNA5, and DFNB59. The inflammatory factors and cell contents released during pyrolysis can recruit immune cells and change the microenvironment. However, to date, there is a paucity of studies examining the relationship between GSDMs and the immune microenvironment in tumors.

Abnormal arginine metabolism is associated with prognosis in patients of gastric cancer.

Background: Metabolic disorder is a key factor in the occurrence and development of tumors. Metabolomics methods can explore a variety of prognostic markers for tumors.

Methods: The 454 patients included in this study comprised 92 cases of gastric cancer, 51 cases of gastric ulcers, 206 cases of gastric polyps, and 105 cases of gastritis.

Diagnostic value of thyroid micronodules with high b-value diffusion weighted imaging: Comparative study with high-resolution ultrasound.

Purpose: This study aims to compare the diagnostic performance of two imaging methods for thyroid nodules ≤1.0 cm and reduce unnecessary overdiagnosis.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 80 patients with pathologically confirmed solitary thyroid micronodules underwent both high-resolution ultrasound (HRUS) and High b-value (2000 s/mm) diffusion weighted imaging (DWI).

Characterization and phylogenetic analysis of the complete plastome of (Convolvulaceae), an edible vegetable.

, commonly known as water spinach, is an edible annual vegetable in the genus ,. In this study, the complete plastome of was determined using the Illumina sequencing platform. The plastome size was 162,663 bp.

Differential Leukocyte and Platelet Profiles in Distinct Models of Traumatic Brain Injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects over 3 million individuals every year in the U.S. There is growing appreciation that TBI can produce systemic modifications, which are in part propagated through blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction and blood-brain cell interactions.

Characterization of the complete plastome of (Poaceae), a widespread weed.

is a predominant weed species that distributes widely in North temperate regions. The complete plastome of is reported here. It is a circular molecular of 136,382 bp in length and consists of a large single-copy region (LSC: 80,455 bp), a small single-copy region (SSC: 12,849 bp), and two inverted repeats regions (IRs: 21,539 bp).

Genome-Wide Association Study of 13 Traits in Maize Seedlings under Low Phosphorus Stress.

Low P stress is a global issue for grain production. Significant phenotypic differences were detected among 13 traits in 356 maize lines under P-sufficient and P-deficient conditions. Significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and low-P stress-responsive genes were identified for 13 maize root traits based on a genome-wide association study.

Imaging data on characterization of retinal autofluorescent lesions in a mouse model of juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (CLN3 disease).

Juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (JNCL, . juvenile Batten disease or CLN3 disease), a lethal pediatric neurodegenerative disease without cure, often presents with vision impairment and characteristic ophthalmoscopic features including focal areas of hyper-autofluorescence. In the associated research article "Loss of , the gene mutated in juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, leads to metabolic impairment and autophagy induction in retinal pigment epithelium" (Zhong et al.

Loss of CLN3, the gene mutated in juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, leads to metabolic impairment and autophagy induction in retinal pigment epithelium.

Juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (JNCL, aka. juvenile Batten disease or CLN3 disease) is a lysosomal storage disease characterized by progressive blindness, seizures, cognitive and motor failures, and premature death. JNCL is caused by mutations in the Ceroid Lipofuscinosis, Neuronal 3 (CLN3) gene, whose function is unclear.

Platelets Endocytose Viral Particles and Are Activated via TLR (Toll-Like Receptor) Signaling.

Objective: Thrombocytopenia is associated with many viral infections suggesting virions interact with and affect platelets. Consistently, viral particles are seen inside platelets, and platelet activation markers are detected in viremic patients. In this article, we sought mechanistic insights into these virion/platelet interactions by examining how platelets endocytose, traffic, and are activated by a model virion.

Noncanonical Roles of h-syn (A53T) in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease: Synaptic Pathology and Neuronal Aging.

The motor and nonmotor symptoms of PD involve several brain regions. However, whether -syn pathology originating from the SNc can directly lead to the pathological changes in distant cerebral regions and induce PD-related symptoms remains unclear. Here, AAV9-synapsin-mCherry-human SNCA (A53T) was injected into the unilateral SNc of mice.

Protective effect of metformin against rotenone-induced parkinsonism in mice.

Rotenone is a mitochondrial complex I inhibitor, which can cause the death of dopaminergic (DA) neurons and Parkinson's disease (PD). Currently, whether metformin has a protective effect on neurotoxicity induced by rotenone is unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential protective effect of metformin against rotenone-induced neurotoxicity.

Evaluation of Low-Dose Multidetector Computed Tomography Whole Gastroenterography With Oral Administration of Contrast Agents.

Purpose: To evaluate the degree of gastric, enteric, colonic, and rectal filling in multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) whole gastroenterography.

Methods: In this prospective study involving 124 patients, 78 and 46 patients underwent MDCT whole gastroenterography using positive and neutral oral contrast agents, respectively. The degree of filling of the stomach, small and large bowel, was qualitatively analyzed by experienced radiologists using a 3-point scoring system.

New methods to identify high peak density artifacts in Fourier transform mass spectra and to mitigate their effects on high-throughput metabolomic data analysis.

Introduction: Direct injection Fourier-transform mass spectrometry (FT-MS) allows for the high-throughput and high-resolution detection of thousands of metabolite-associated isotopologues. However, spectral artifacts can generate large numbers of spectral features (peaks) that do not correspond to known compounds. Misassignment of these artifactual features creates interpretive errors and limits our ability to discern the role of representative features within living systems.

Autophagy in Platelets.

Anucleate platelets are produced by fragmentation of megakaryocytes. Platelets circulate in the bloodstream for a finite period: upon vessel injury, they are activated to participate in hemostasis; upon senescence, unused platelets are cleared. Platelet hypofunction leads to bleeding.

Stable Isotope-Resolved Metabolomics Shows Metabolic Resistance to Anti-Cancer Selenite in 3D Spheroids versus 2D Cell Cultures.

Conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures are grown on rigid plastic substrates with unrealistic concentration gradients of O₂, nutrients, and treatment agents. More importantly, 2D cultures lack cell⁻cell and cell⁻extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions, which are critical for regulating cell behavior and functions. There are several three-dimensional (3D) cell culture systems such as Matrigel, hydrogels, micropatterned plates, and hanging drop that overcome these drawbacks but they suffer from technical challenges including long spheroid formation times, difficult handling for high throughput assays, and/or matrix contamination for metabolic studies.

Lipin-1 regulates Bnip3-mediated mitophagy in glycolytic muscle.

Autophagy of mitochondria (mitophagy) is essential for maintaining muscle mass and healthy skeletal muscle. Patients with heritable phosphatidic acid phosphatase lipin-1-null mutations present with severe rhabdomyolysis and muscle atrophy in glycolytic muscle fibers, which are accompanied with mitochondrial aggregates and reduced mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase activity. However, the underlying mechanisms leading to muscle atrophy as a result of lipin-1 deficiency are still not clear.

Analysis of the Effect of Co- Irradiation Sterilization Technology on the Chemical Composition of Saffron Using UPLC and UPLC/Q-TOF-MS.

To evaluate the effect of Co-γ irradiation sterilization technology on the chemical composition of saffron, we collected 10 batches of saffron samples and treated them with different irradiation doses. UPLC characteristic chromatogram showed that there was no significant effect of irradiation on 13 common peak areas. The results of cluster analysis and principal component analysis showed that there were no differences in the chemical composition in nonirradiated and irradiated samples.

Spermidine ameliorates the neuronal aging by improving the mitochondrial function in vitro.

Changes in mitochondrial structure and function are the initial factors of cell aging. Spermidine has an antiaging effect, but its effect on neuronal aging and mitochondrial mechanisms is unclear. In this study, mouse neuroblastoma (N2a) cells were treated with d‑galactose (d‑Gal) to establish cell aging to investigate the antiaging effect and mechanisms of spermidine.