Theranostic Rhenium(I)-Based ER-Phagy Retardant Promotes Immunogenic Cell Death.

ER-phagy is a double-edged sword in the occurrence, development, and treatment of cancer; especially, its functions in immunotherapy are still unknown. In this work, we designed a theranostic Re complex () containing a BODIPY-derived ligand and a β-carboline ligand to target the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and block ER-phagy at the late stages. Interestingly, as validated both in vitro and in vivo, ER-phagy blockage greatly enhances the capability of to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD).

Ruthenium(II) Lipid-Mimics Drive Lipid Phase Separation to Arouse Autophagy-Ferroptosis Cascade for Photoimmunotherapy.

Lipid-mediated phase separation is crucial for the formation of lipophilic spontaneous domain to regulate lipid metabolism and homeostasis, furtherly contributing to multiple cell death pathways. Herein, a series of Ru(II) lipid-mimics based on short chains or midchain lipids are developed. Among them, Ru-LipM with two dodecyl chains significantly induces natural lipid phase separation via hydrocarbon chain-melting phase transitions.

Iridium(III) Photosensitizers Induce Simultaneous Pyroptosis and Ferroptosis for Multi-Network Synergistic Tumor Immunotherapy.

The integration of pyroptosis and ferroptosis hybrid cell death induction to augment immune activation represents a promising avenue for anti-tumor treatment, but there is a lack of research. Herein, we developed two iridium (III)-triphenylamine photosensitizers, IrC and IrF, with the capacity to disrupt redox balance and induce photo-driven cascade damage to DNA and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1). The activation of the absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2)-related cytoplasmic nucleic acid-sensing pathway, triggered by damaged DNA, leads to the induction of gasdermin D (GSDMD)-mediated pyroptosis.

Rising Interest in the Development of Metal Complexes in Cancer Immunotherapy.

Metal complexes have shown great potential in cancer immunotherapy. This review briefly introduces the basic concepts and strategies of cancer immunotherapy and summarizes the recent discoveries on the immune effects of traditional platinum-based anticancer compounds. In addition, we also outline the latest research progresses on metal complexes for cancer immunotherapy focusing on platinum, ruthenium, iridium, rhenium and copper complexes.

Galectin-1 gene silencing inhibits the activation and proliferation but induces the apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells from mice with liver fibrosis.

Liver fibrosis is a serious threat to human health, and there is currently no effective clinical drug for treatment of the disease. Although Galectin‑1 is effective, its role in liver function, inflammation, matrix metalloproteinases and the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) remains to be elucidated. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the effect of Galectin‑1 on the activation, proliferation and apoptosis of HSCs in a mouse model of liver fibrosis.

Galectin-1 Restores Immune Tolerance to Liver Transplantation Through Activation of Hepatic Stellate Cells.

Background/aims: Immune tolerance is considered the only way to manage liver transplantation (LT). The current study hypothesized that galectin-1 via the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is capable of inducing immune tolerance in LT.

Methods: Lentiviral-mediated gene knockdown and overexpression of galectin-1 were conducted in HSC-T6 cells.

[Application of rhodamine-based fluorescence chemosensor in heavy metal ions and transition metal ions detection].

As one of the fluorescent molecules with high quantum yield, rhodamine was often chosen as the mother molecule in the synthesis of metal ion fluorescence chemosensor. The present paper reviews the applications of rhodamine fluorescence chemosensors in the analysis of heavy metal ions and transition metal ions including the response mechanism, the kinds of targeted ion, scope of application and corresponding detection limit. In addition, the existing challenges and future development directions in the research of rhodamine-based metal ion fluorescence chemosensor are discussed.