Bradykinin postconditioning protects rat hippocampal neurons after restoration of spontaneous circulation following cardiac arrest via activation of the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway.

Bradykinin (BK) is an active component of the kallikrein-kinin system that has been shown to have cardioprotective and neuroprotective effects. We previously showed that BK postconditioning strongly protects rat hippocampal neurons upon restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) after cardiac arrest. However, the precise mechanism underlying this process remains poorly understood.

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation attenuates overexpression of inflammatory mediators in rat brain after cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Emerging evidence suggests that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation improves neurological function after cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation; however, the precise mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell treatment on expression profiles of multiple cytokines in the brain after cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Cardiac arrest was induced in rats by asphyxia and cardiopulmonary resuscitation was initiated 6 minutes after cardiac arrest.

The role of TSG-6 and uroplakin III in bladder pain syndrome/ interstitial cystitis in rats and humans.

Objectives: We investigated the relationship between the expression of tumor necrosis factor-inducible gene 6 (TSG-6) with inflammation and integrity of the bladder epithelium in the bladder tissues of patients with bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis (BPS/IC) and the mechanism of action using a rat model of BPS/IC.

Materials And Methods: Expression of TSG-6 and uroplakin III was determined by immuno- histochemistry of bladder biopsy samples from control human subjects and patients with verified BPS/IC. Our rat model of BPS/IC was employed to measure the perfusion of bladders with hyaluronidase, and assessment of the effect of TSG-6 administration on disease progression.

Intravenous injection of Xuebijing attenuates acute kidney injury in rats with paraquat intoxication.

Background: The study aimed to investigate the therapeutic benefits of intravenous Xuebijing on acute kidney injury (AKI) in rats with paraquat intoxication.

Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided equally into three groups: sham group (=8), paraquat group (=8) and Xuebijing-treated group (=8) using a random number table. The rats were intraperitoneally injected with 50 mg/kg of paraquat.

Therapeutic effects of various methods of MSC transplantation on cerebral resuscitation following cardiac arrest in rats.

In the present study, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were transplanted into the brain of rats following cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) by three different methods: Direct stereotaxic injection into the lateral cerebral ventricle (LV), intra‑carotid administration (A), and femoral venous infusion (V). The three different methods were compared by observing the effects of MSCs on neurological function following global cerebral hypoxia‑ischemia, in order to determine the optimum method for MSC transplantation. MSCs were transplanted in groups A, V and LV following the restoration of spontaneous circulation.

Lactoferrin Induces Osteoblast Growth through IGF-1R.

Objectives. To investigate the role of the IGF-1R by which lactoferrin induces osteoblast growth. Methods.

Changes of end-tidal carbon dioxide during cardiopulmonary resuscitation from ventricular fibrillation versus asphyxial cardiac arrest.

Background: Partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide (PETCO2) has been used to monitor the effectiveness of precordial compression (PC) and regarded as a prognostic value of outcomes in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). This study was to investigate changes of PETCO2 during CPR in rats with ventricular fibrillation (VF) versus asphyxial cardiac arrest.

Methods: Sixty-two male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into an asphyxial group (n=32) and a VF group (n=30).

Lactoferrin promote primary rat osteoblast proliferation and differentiation via up-regulation of insulin-like growth factor-1 expression.

The aim of this study was to explore the effect of lactoferrin (LF) in primary fetal rat osteoblasts proliferation and differentiation and investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Primary rat osteoblasts were obtained from the calvarias of neonatal rats. Osteoblasts were treated with LF (0.

Lactoferrin inhibits apoptosis through insulin-like growth factor I in primary rat osteoblasts.

Aim: Excessive apoptosis of osteoblasts is the major cause of low bone mass, and bovine lactoferrin (bLF), an iron-binding glycoprotein, might protect osteoblastic cells from apoptosis induced by serum withdrawal. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the anti-apoptotic action of bLF in rat osteoblasts in vitro.

Methods: Primary rat osteoblasts were incubated in the presence of varying concentrations of bLF for 24 h.

Mesenchymal stem cells transplantation suppresses inflammatory responses in global cerebral ischemia: contribution of TNF-α-induced protein 6.

Aim: To investigate the effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation on rat global cerebral ischemia and the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: Adult male SD rats underwent asphxial cardiac arrest to induce global cerebral ischemia, then received intravenous injection of 5×10(6) cultured MSCs of SD rats at 2 h after resuscitation. In another group of cardiac arrest rats, tumor necrosis factor-α-induced protein 6 (TSG-6, 6 μg) was injected into the right lateral ventricle.

Therapeutic benefits of mild hypothermia in patients successfully resuscitated from cardiac arrest: A meta-analysis.

Background: Good neurological outcome after cardiac arrest (CA) is hard to achieve for clinicians. Experimental and clinical evidence suggests that therapeutic mild hypothermia is beneficial. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of therapeutic mild hypothermia in patients successfully resuscitated from CA using a meta-analysis.

Bovine lactoferrin improves bone mass and microstructure in ovariectomized rats via OPG/RANKL/RANK pathway.

Aim: Lactoferrin (LF), an 80-kDa iron-binding glycoprotein, is a pleiotropic factor found in colostrum, milk, saliva and epithelial cells of the exocrine glands. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of LF on the bones in ovariectomized (Ovx) rats and to identify the pathways that mediate the anabolic action of LF on the bones.

Methods: Female Sprague-Dawley rats (6-month-old) underwent ovariectomy, and were treated with different doses of LF (10, 100, 1000, and 2000 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1), po) or with 7β-estradiol (0.

Epidemiology and characteristics of acute poisoning treated at an emergency center.

Background: Acute poisoning is frequently encountered at emergency department. This study was to investigate the epidemiology and characteristics of patients with acute poisoning who were treated at the Emergency Center, Fujian Provincial Hospital, China.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the gender, age, causes of poisoning, types of poisons, poisoning route, emergency diagnoses, outcomes, and prognoses of these patients.