Effect of mild sedation and analgesia on radial artery cannulation in novice residents: a prospective, randomized controlled trial.

Background: Radial artery cannulation can be challenging, particularly for inexperienced providers. This study aimed to compare the success rates of resident physicians performing radial artery cannulation with mild sedation and analgesia versus without.

Materials And Methods: This study was a prospective, single-center, double-blind randomized controlled trial.

Metformin activates the PI3K/AKT/BDNF axis to attenuate postoperative cognitive dysfunction.

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a prevalent neurocognitive complication of anesthesia and surgery. Metformin, a widely used antidiabetic drug, has neuroprotective properties and improves cognitive impairment and memory deficits. However, the mechanisms underlying its action in improving cognitive dysfunction after anesthesia and surgery remain unclear.

The Efficacy and Safety of the Rhomboid Intercostal Block for Postoperative Analgesia in Chest Surgery and Breast Surgery: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Prior research has suggested that the rhomboid intercostal block (RIB) may contribute to postoperative analgesia after surgeries of the chest and breast.

Objective: To explore the effectiveness and safety of RIB for postoperative analgesia, as well as whether RIB is superior to other types of nerve blocks.

Study Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Progress on the Effects of Permissive Hypercapnia on the CNS During the Intraoperative Period: A Narrative Review.

Previous experimental findings and clinical evidence have shown the important role of carbon dioxide (CO) in regulating cerebral vascular tension. CO can affect the CNS through various mechanisms. With factors such as patient physiology or surgical interventions potentially causing increased arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO) levels during mechanical ventilation in general anesthesia, it is important to explore the potential risks or benefits of intraoperative permissive hypercapnia on brain function.

The involvement of the gut microbiota in postoperative cognitive dysfunction based on integrated metagenomic and metabolomics analysis.

As the population ages and medical technology advances, anesthesia procedures for elderly patients are becoming more common, leading to an increased prevalence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction. However, the etiology and correlation between the gut microbiota and cognitive dysfunction are poorly understood, and research in this area is limited. In this study, mice with postoperative cognitive dysfunction were found to have reduced levels of fatty acid production and anti-inflammatory flora in the gut, and was associated with increased depression, leading to cognitive dysfunction and depression.

Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Plasma Neurofilament Light Chain in Elderly Patients Undergoing Thoracoscopic Surgery: A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: Dexmedetomidine exerts a neuroprotective effect, however, the mechanism underlying this effect remains unclear. This study aimed to explore whether dexmedetomidine can reduce the increase in neurofilament light chain (NfL) protein concentration to play a neuroprotective role during thoracoscopic surgery.

Patients And Methods: Patients aged ≥60 years undergoing general anesthesia for thoracoscopic surgery were randomly assigned to receive dexmedetomidine (group D) or not receive dexmedetomidine (group C).

Effect of intravenous vs. inhaled penehyclidine on respiratory mechanics in patients during one-lung ventilation for thoracoscopic surgery: a prospective, double-blind, randomised controlled trial.

Background: Minimising postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) after thoracic surgery is of utmost importance. A major factor contributing to PPCs is the driving pressure, which is determined by the ratio of tidal volume to lung compliance. Inhalation and intravenous administration of penehyclidine can improve lung compliance during intraoperative mechanical ventilation.

Effect of intraoperative low vs. conventional tidal volume on the incidence of postoperative acute kidney injury after noncardiac surgery: a two-center randomized clinical trial.

Background: In adults undergoing noncardiac surgery, the correlation between intraoperative tidal volume and postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of low tidal volume ventilation on the incidence of postoperative AKI compared with conventional tidal volume in adults undergoing noncardiac surgery.

Methods: This was a two-center prospective randomized controlled trial on adult patients who underwent noncardiac surgery and had a mechanical ventilation of >60 min.

Amelioratory Effect of Melatonin on Cognition Dysfunction Induced by Sevoflurane Anesthesia in Aged Mice.

Background: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) can be described as a clinical phenomenon characterized by cognitive impairment in patients, particularly elderly patients, after anesthesia and surgery. Researchers have focused on the probable effect of general anesthesia drugs on cognitive functioning status in older adults. Melatonin is an indole-type neuroendocrine hormone with broad biological activity and potent anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and neuroprotective effects.

Opioid-free anesthesia for postoperative recovery after video-assisted thoracic surgery: A prospective, randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: Opioid-based anesthesia is a traditional form of anesthesia that has a significant analgesic effect; however, it can cause nausea, vomiting, delirium, and other side effects. Opioid-free anesthesia with dexmedetomidine and lidocaine has attracted widespread attention. This study aimed to compare the effects of opioid-free and opioid-based anesthesia (OFA and OBA, respectively) on postoperative recovery in patients who had undergone video-assisted thoracic surgery.

Standard opioid-containing versus opioid-sparing anesthesia on early postoperative recovery after video-assisted thoracic surgery: A propensity-weighted analysis.

Purpose: Opioids have several adverse effects. At present, there are no large clinical studies on the effects of opioid-sparing anesthesia on early postoperative recovery after thoracoscopic surgery. This study was to investigate the effects of opioid-sparing anesthesia on early postoperative recovery after thoracoscopic surgery.

CT-guided radiofrequency ablation of the extracranial cranial nerve for the treatment of Meige's syndrome.

Background: Meige' s syndrome, a rare form of dystonia, lacks effective treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of CT-guided percutaneous extracranial radiofrequency ablation of the facial and/or trigeminal nerves in the treatment of Meige's syndrome.

Methods: A total of 10 patients were enrolled in this study, with the numbers of blepharospasm dystonia syndrome (BDS), oromandibular dystonia syndrome (ODS), and blepharospasm combined with oromandibular dystonia syndrome (B-ODS) being 7, 1, and 2, respectively.

Correlation between individual physical characteristics and spinal cerebrospinal fluid volume.

Spinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume is the primary determinant for the spread of spinal anesthesia. However, it cannot generally be obtained during spinal anesthesia, and patient physical characteristics are always adopted to obtain a suitable spinal spread. In this study, we sought to explore the relationship between individual physical characteristics and thoracosacral CSF volume to provide a theoretical basis for more accurate spinal anesthesia.

Inferior Vena Cava Collapsibility Index Can Predict Hypotension and Guide Fluid Management After Spinal Anesthesia.

Purpose: We hypothesized that inferior vena cava collapsibility index (IVCCI)-guided fluid management would reduce the incidence of postspinal anesthesia hypotension in patients undergoing non-cardiovascular, non-obstetric surgery.

Methods: A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the diagnostic value of IVCCI for predicting hypotension after induction of spinal anesthesia and calculate the cut-off value. Based on the cut-off variation value, the following prospective randomized controlled trial aimed to compare the incidence of postspinal anesthesia hypotension between the IVCCI-guided fluid administration group and the standard fluid administration group.

Evaluation of radial and ulnar artery blood flow after radial artery decannulation using colour Doppler ultrasound.

Background: There is a lack of reports in the literature regarding changes in radial artery blood flow after decannulation. The objective of this study was to investigate changes in radial and ulnar artery blood flow after radial artery decannulation using Doppler ultrasound and to explore the factors that influence radial artery blood flow recovery.

Methods: In current observational study, we used colour Doppler ultrasound to measure the cross-sectional area of the radial (S) and ulnar artery (S) and peak systolic velocity of the radial (PSV) and ulnar artery (PSV) for both hands at four time points in patients with radial artery cannulation: pre-cannulation (T0), 30 min after decannulation (T1), 24 h after decannulation (T2), and 7 days after decannulation (T3).

A prediction model using machine-learning algorithm for assessing intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine dose during cesarean section.

Background: The intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine dosage for cesarean section is difficult to predetermine. This study aimed to develop a decision-support model using a machine-learning algorithm for assessing intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine dose based on physical variables during cesarean section.

Methods: Term parturients presenting for elective cesarean section under spinal anaesthesia were enrolled.

Rhomboid intercostal block combined with sub-serratus plane block versus rhomboid intercostal block for postoperative analgesia after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: a prospective randomized-controlled trial.

Background: Rhomboid intercostal block (RIB) and Rhomboid intercostal block with sub-serratus plane block (RISS) are the two types of plane blocks used for postoperative analgesia after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). This prospective randomized controlled trial was performed to analyze the postoperative analgesic effects of ultrasound-guided RIB block and RISS block after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.

Methods: Ninety patients aged between 18 and 80 years, with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Classes I-II and scheduled for elective unilateral VATS were randomly allocated into three groups.

Remifentanil for Carboprost-Induced Adverse Reactions During Cesarean Delivery Under Combined Spinal-Epidural Anesthesia.

Purpose: Carboprost may induce adverse reactions when used to treat postpartum hemorrhage. We aimed to explore the effects of intravenous infusion of low-dose remifentanil to prevent such reactions.

Methods: We enrolled parturient patients scheduled for elective cesarean section.

Effects of combined warmed preoperative forced-air and warmed perioperative intravenous fluids on maternal temperature during cesarean section: a prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial.

Background: Preventing the frequent perioperative hypothermia incidents that occur during elective caesarean deliveries would be beneficial. This trial aimed at evaluating the effect of preoperative forced-air warming alongside perioperative intravenous fluid warming in women undergoing cesarean sections under spinal anesthesia.

Methods: We randomly allocated 135 women undergoing elective cesarean deliveries to either the intervention group (preoperative forced-air and intravenous fluid warming, n = 69) or the control group (no active warming, n = 66).

Additional femoral nerve block analgesia does not reduce the chronic pain after total knee arthroplasty: A retrospective study in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Femoral nerve block analgesia was deemed to the gold standard for acute pain management after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). But effect on chronic pain management is not investigated fully. We conducted a retrospective study to explore the effect of single-injection femoral nerve block on postsurgical chronic pain.

Grip strength can be used to evaluate postoperative residual neuromuscular block recovery in patients undergoing general anesthesia.

Background: Residual postoperative neuromuscular blockade is an important clinical issue. Neuromuscular monitoring is usually used to evaluate neuromuscular recovery in patients undergoing general anesthesia. However, this procedure is inconvenient and not widely adopted.