Benefits and Risks of Antihyperlipidemic Medication in Adults with Different Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Based on the Number Needed to Treat.

Purpose: The objective of this investigation is to examine the benefits and potential risks of these drugs in individuals by varying baseline low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) values, utilizing the concept of the number needed to treat (NNT).

Methods: We extensively searched electronic databases, such as PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, and Web of Science, up to 6 August 2023. Baseline LDL-C values were stratified into four categories: < 100, 100-129, 130-159, and ≥ 160 mg/dL.

Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists for chronic heart failure: a meta-analysis focusing on the number needed to treat.

Aims: Recent studies have shown that mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) can decrease mortality in patients with heart failure; however, the application of MRAs in current clinical practice is limited because of adverse effects such as hyperkalemia that occur with treatment. Therefore, this meta-analysis used the number needed to treat (NNT) to assess the efficacy and safety of MRAs in patients with chronic heart failure.

Methods: We meta-analysed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which contrasted the impacts of MRAs with placebo.

Safety of SGLT2 Inhibitors in Three Chronic Diseases.

This study aimed to assess the safety of SGLT2 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and chronic heart failure considering the number needed to treat (NNT).Methods: Data were obtained from 10 morbidity-mortality trials and were pooled to calculate the NNTs. The number needed to treat to benefit (NNTB) is used to express beneficial outcomes, whereas the number needed to treat to be harmed (NNTH) is used for harmful outcomes.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and corresponding control measures on long-term care facilities: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Long-term care facilities (LTCFs) were high-risk settings for COVID-19 outbreaks.

Objective: To assess the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on LTCFs, including rates of infection, hospitalisation, case fatality, and mortality, and to determine the association between control measures and SARS-CoV-2 infection rates in residents and staff.

Method: We conducted a systematic search of six databases for articles published between December 2019 and 5 November 2021, and performed meta-analyses and subgroup analyses to identify the impact of COVID-19 on LTCFs and the association between control measures and infection rate.

Corrigendum: Benefits and risks of antihypertensive medication in adults with different systolic blood pressure: A meta-analysis from the perspective of the number needed to treat.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.

Effect of alirocumab and evolocumab on all-cause mortality and major cardiovascular events: A meta-analysis focusing on the number needed to treat.

Aims: The efficacy of anti-proprotein convertase subtilisin/Kexin type 9 (PCSK9) monoclonal antibodies in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to assess the effect of PCSK9 inhibitors (alirocumab and evolocumab) on ASCVD patients considering the number needed to treat (NNT).

Methods: We reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which compared the effects of alirocumab or evolocumab and placebo or standards of care.

Benefits and risks of antihypertensive medication in adults with different systolic blood pressure: A meta-analysis from the perspective of the number needed to treat.

Background: The blood pressure (BP) threshold for initial pharmacological treatment remains controversial. The number needed to treat (NNT) is a significant indicator. This study aimed to explore the benefits and risks of antihypertensive medications in participants with different systolic BPs (SBPs), and cardiovascular disease status from the perspective of the NNT.

Associations of Carbohydrate Intake With New-Onset Hypertension Subtypes: Results From the China Health and Nutrition Survey (2000-2011).

The effects of carbohydrate intake on hypertension (HTN) subtypes are scarce. We examined the association of carbohydrate intake with new-onset HTN subtypes in Chinese adults. Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) 2000-2011, 22,418 individuals were recorded using a 24-h recall method over three consecutive days.

Incidence and risk factors associated with surgical site infection after surgically treated hip fractures in older adults: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common complications in the traumatic orthopedics field, but remains not adequately studied after hip fractures.

Aims: This study aims to investigate the incidence and risk factors associated with SSI after surgically treated hip fractures in older adults.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study including 2932 older adult patients (1416 with femoral neck fracture and 1516 with intertrochanteric fracture) surgically treated from Jan 2015 to Dec 2019 due to hip fractures was performed.

Effect of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors on all-cause mortality and major cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes: A meta-analysis focusing on the number needed to treat and minimal clinical effect.

Aims: To assess the effectiveness of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) separately to prevent all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke and heart failure (HF) in patients with diabetes considering the number needed to treat (NNT) and minimal clinical effect (MCE).

Methods: Data from 17 morbidity-mortality trials in patients with diabetes were used to calculate NNTs and evaluate MCE to prevent all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure.

Results: A total of 17 trials involving 42,037 patients were included in this meta-analysis.

Associations of fat and carbohydrate intake with becoming overweight and obese: an 11-year longitudinal cohort study.

The effects of macronutrient intake on obesity are controversial. This research aims to investigate the associations between macronutrient intake and new-onset overweight/obesity. The relationship between the consumption of carbohydrate and total fat and obesity was assessed by the multivariable Cox model in this 11-year cohort, which included 6612 adults (3291 men and 3321 women) who were free of overweight and obesity at baseline.

The Impact of Hypertension Definition Based on Two-visit Strategy on Estimate of Hypertension Burden: Results From the China Health and Nutrition Survey 1989-2011.

Background: The diagnosis of hypertension should be based on the mean of two or more properly measured BP readings on each of two visits for clinical practice, but a one-visit strategy was applied in most epidemiological surveys. The impact of hypertension definition based on two visits on estimates of hypertension burden is unknown. This study aims to assess the impact of hypertension diagnosis based on a two-visit strategy for estimating hypertension burden in China.

Plain Water Intake and Association With the Risk of Overweight in the Chinese Adult Population: China Health and Nutrition Survey 2006-2011.

Background: The prevalence of overweight is increasing dramatically worldwide. The aim of our study was to investigate the association of plain water intake (PWI) with the risk of new-onset overweight risk among Chinese adults.

Methods: A total of 3,200 adults aged 18-65 who were free of overweight at baseline were enrolled from China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) cohort study in 2006-2011.

RHRK is responsible for Ubiquitin specific protease 48 nuclear translocation which can stabilize NF-κB (p65) in the nucleus.

The transcription factor NF-κB is a key regulator of cellular processes. A mechanism that contributes to timely termination of NF-κB activity is UPS-dependent degradation of p65 in the nucleus or on chromatin. The ubiquitin-specific protease that takes part in this process and its molecular mechanisms are shown in previous study, but which structural feature of USP48 was responsible for these effects is unknown.

The impacts of nineteen mutations on the enzymatic activity of USP26.

Objective: The association between mutations in the USP26 gene and male infertility has been studied intensively. However, the biological function of the mutant proteins remains to be elucidated. To confirm the effects of the reported mutations, we analyse the enzyme activity of USP26 between the wild-type and the variants from a molecular perspective.

Prevalence of abdominal obesity among Chinese adults in 2011.

Background: The prevalence of abdominal obesity is increasing dramatically worldwide. This study aimed to estimate the current prevalence of abdominal obesity from the 2011 China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) and compare the data with other countries.

Methods: Waist circumference (WC) of 12,326 Chinese adults (aged 20 years or older) from the 2011 CHNS were analyzed by age group and region.

Obesity as a Risk Factor for Low Back Pain: A Meta-Analysis.

Study Design: A meta-analysis.

Objective: To update the current knowledge about the association between overweight, obesity, and low back pain (LBP) risk, we conducted a meta-analysis of published cohort studies.

Summary Of Background Data: The association between obesity and LBP risk has been the research focus in the past decade.

Excess Body Weight during Childhood and Adolescence Is Associated with the Risk of Multiple Sclerosis: A Meta-Analysis.

Background And Aim: Several epidemiological studies have reported the association between obesity and multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods: A literature search of the observational studies, published as original articles in English before December 2015, was performed using electronic databases.

Results: Five observational studies were included, of which 3 were case-control studies and 2 were cohort studies.

Joint effects of age and body mass index on the incidence of hypertension subtypes in the China Health and Nutrition Survey: A cohort study over 22years.

Objectives: We seek to investigate the joint effects of age and body mass index (BMI) on the incident hypertension subtypes among Chinese adults during 1989-2011.

Methods: We investigated the Incidence rates (IRs, per 100person-years) of hypertension subtypes, adjusted relative risks (RRs) and population attributable risk percent (PAR%) of BMI for hypertension, and clarified the age-specific effect of BMI on incident hypertension utilizing a dynamic cohort study from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) 1989-2011.

Results: Normotensive participants (n=53,028) at baseline were included, with mean age was 41.

Polyhydramnios in Lrp4 knockout mice with bilateral kidney agenesis: Defects in the pathways of amniotic fluid clearance.

Amniotic fluid volume during mid-to-late gestation depends mainly on the urine excretion from the foetal kidneys and partly on the fluid secretion from the foetal lungs during foetal breathing-like movements. Urine is necessary for foetal breathing-like movements, which is critical for foetal lung development. Bilateral renal agenesis and/or obstruction of the urinary tract lead to oligohydramnios, which causes infant death within a short period after birth due to pulmonary hypoplasia.

USP12 regulates cell cycle progression by involving c-Myc, cyclin D2 and BMI-1.

Ubiquitin-specific protease 12 (USP12) plays a significant role in tumor cell apoptosis and cell cycle progression. However, the regulatory mechanism of USP12 in human cervical carcinoma HeLa cell growth is unknown. In this study, we showed that knockdown of USP12 effectively induced cell cycle arrest in HeLa cells and decreased BMI-1, c-Myc and cyclin D2 transcription levels.

Early myocardial damage assessment in dystrophinopathies using (99)Tc(m)-MIBI gated myocardial perfusion imaging.

Background: Early detection of muscular dystrophy (MD)-associated cardiomyopathy is important because early medical treatment may slow cardiac remodeling and attenuate symptoms of cardiac dysfunction; however, no sensitive and standard diagnostic method for MD at an earlier stage has been well-recognized. Thus, the aim of this study was to test the early diagnostic value of technetium 99m-methoxyisobutylisonitrile ((99)Tc(m)-MIBI) gated myocardial perfusion imaging (G-MPI) for MD.

Methods And Results: Ninety-one patients underwent (99)Tc(m)-MIBI G-MPI examinations when they were diagnosed with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) (n=77) or Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD; n=14).

Prevalence of hypertension subtypes in 2011 and the trends from 1991 to 2011 among Chinese adults.

Background: This study aims to estimate the current prevalence and trends of hypertension subtypes among Chinese adults from 1991 to 2011.

Methods: We analysed the measurements of systolic and diastolic blood pressure among adults aged ≥18 years from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) 1991-2011. The prevalence was age-adjusted to the 2010 census of Chinese adults.

The association between overweight, obesity and ovarian cancer: a meta-analysis.

Objective: Epidemiological studies have reported an inconsistent association between obesity and ovarian cancer. To update the current knowledge of and further qualify the association between overweight, obesity and ovarian cancer risk, we conducted a meta-analysis of published observational studies.

Methods: Using the PubMed, MEDLINE and EMBASE databases, we performed a literature search of all of the case-control and cohort studies published as original articles in English before March 2015.