Wogonin Attenuates Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis and Oxidative Stress Injury via the MAPK Signaling Pathway.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is an irreversible and chronic inflammatory condition with limited therapeutic options and a high mortality rate. We aimed to determine the possible role and mechanisms of wogonin (WGN) on PF. A rat model of PF was established with intratracheally administrated with bleomycin (BLM), followed by intravenously injecting with WGN and weekly body weight measurements for four weeks.

The relationship between respiratory symptoms and frailty: findings from observational and Mendelian randomization analyses.

Introduction: As ageing accelerates, frailty increasingly impacts public health. Cough, sputum, wheezing and dyspnea are common respiratory symptoms, and the relationship to frailty is unclear. We aimed to analyze the relationship between respiratory symptoms and frailty.

Corticosteroid dose escalation in non-ICU COVID-19 patients with worsening lung lesions reduces lesion severity without improving clinical outcomes.

The effect of increasing corticosteroid doses on clinical outcomes and chest findings in patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pneumonia and lung disease remains unknown. We aimed to investigate the effects of increasing steroid dosage on chest lesion area and clinical outcomes in patients with moderate or severe COVID-19 and progressive lung involvement on chest computed tomography (CT). A total of 105 patients with radiological progression during methylprednisolone (MP) therapy either received an increased MP dose (n = 79) or were maintained on the same MP dose (n = 26).

Impact of Dual Antithrombotic Therapy with Aspirin and Rivaroxaban on Secondary Cardiovascular Outcomes.

BACKGROUND Dual antiplatelet therapy is the main treatment for cardiovascular diseases (CADs). In this study, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of aspirin combined with low-dose rivaroxaban in the secondary prevention of high-risk ischemic cardiovascular diseases. MATERIAL AND METHODS In total, 168 patients who were diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction or multiple vessel disease 1 year after percutaneous coronary intervention were divided into 2 groups: the aspirin group (aspirin as acetylsalicylic acid: 100 mg once daily) and the aspirin + rivaroxaban group (aspirin: 100 mg once daily, rivaroxaban: 2.

LKB1 dictates sensitivity to immunotherapy through Skp2-mediated ubiquitination of PD-L1 protein in non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Loss-of-function mutations of (, also termed as ()) are frequently detected in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The mutant NSCLC was refractory to almost all the antitumor treatments, including programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) blockade therapy. Unfortunately, mechanisms underlying resistance to immunotherapy are not fully understood.

Sensing equivalent kinematics enables robot-assisted mirror rehabilitation training via a broaden learning system.

Introduction: Robot-assisted mirror therapy has been widely developed to help remodeling of premotor cortex for patients suffering from motor disability of limbs. Nevertheless, it is difficult to achieve real-time adaptive control in robot-assisted mirror rehabilitation training, particularly for patients with varying levels of limb impairment.

Methods: This paper proposes an equivalent kinematics control framework based on the Broaden Learning System model for active robotic mirror rehabilitation, where people's bilateral upper limbs actively perform mirror movements to enhance the impaired limb's participation.

Overcoming tumor hypoxic bismuth-based ternary heterojunctions enable defect modulation-augmented tumor sonocatalytic immunotherapy.

Inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) via sonocatalysis to initiate inflammatory programmed cell death (PANoptosis) and immunogenic cell death (ICD) presents a promising strategy for activatable cancer immunotherapy. However, the limited ROS generation by sonosensitizers under ultrasound and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment hinder the efficiency of sono-immunotherapy. To overcome these challenges, a bismuth-based ternary heterojunction, Bi@BiO-Pt-PEG (BBOP), was developed for sonocatalytic therapy aimed at activating immune responses.

MDM2 drives resistance to Osimertinib by contextually disrupting FBW7-mediated destruction of MCL-1 protein in EGFR mutant NSCLC.

Background: Overcoming resistance to Osimertinib in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is clinically challenging because the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. The murine double minute 2 (MDM2) has been extensively described as a tumor promotor in various malignancies, mainly through a negative regulatory machinery on the p53 tumor suppressor. However, the significance of MDM2 on the sensitivity to Osimertinib has not been described.

Integrating subject-specific workspace constraint and performance-based control strategy in robot-assisted rehabilitation.

Introduction: The robot-assistive technique has been widely developed in the field of neurorehabilitation for enhancement of neuroplasticity, muscle activity, and training positivity. To improve the reliability and feasibility in this patient-robot interactive context, motion constraint methods and adaptive assistance strategies have been developed to guarantee the movement safety and promote the training effectiveness based on the user's movement information. Unfortunately, few works focus on customizing quantitative and appropriate workspace for each subject in passive/active training mode, and how to provide the precise assistance by considering movement constraints to improve human active participation should be further delved as well.

The impact of Tanreqing injection on mucus hypersecretion and cough in bronchiectasis: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Bronchiectasis clinically manifests airway mucus hypersecretion as mucopurulent sputum production and chronic cough. In the past decade, Tanreqing injection (TRQ) has been often used in clinical practice as an add-on treatment for bronchiectasis in China. Several in vivo studies have indicated that TRQ is effective in improving sputum expectoration and cough in acute exacerbation of bronchiectasis but results of individual studies are inconsistent.

Visible Tracking of Small Molecules of Gases with Fluorescent Donors.

Biological gasotransmitters (small molecules of gases) play important roles in signal transduction mechanisms and disease treatments. Although a large number of small-molecule donors have been developed, visualizing the release of small molecules remains challenging. Owing to their unique optical properties, fluorophores have been widely applied in cellular imaging and tracking.

FerroEnrich: An Interactive web tool for computing Ferroptosis index and gene enrichment.

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of controlled cell death and is characterized by the formation of lipid peroxides. Understanding gene expressions associated with ferroptosis is critical for determining its function in illnesses and potential therapeutic approaches. Despite its significance, no computational model is currently available to accurately quantify the ferroptosis incident.

Deciphering microbiome and fungi-bacteria interactions in chronic wound infections using metagenomic sequencing.

Purpose: Chronic wounds caused by infections impose a considerable global healthcare burden. The microbial features of these infections and possible correlations between bacteria and fungi may influence wound healing. However, metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) analyses of these features remain sparse.

Community choices for building resilience and mitigating risks: Retreat versus retrofit.

Hazard mitigation encompasses a wide range of strategies, including building protective structures, retrofitting existing buildings, regulating land use, and relocating from high-risk areas. Among these, relocation or retreat stands out as markedly different from the other mitigation measures. In this paper, we present a comparative analysis of retreat and retrofit as two distinct mitigation options, using a longitudinal dataset of mitigation projects funded by two federal programs, the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP) and Flood Mitigation Assistance (FMA) between 2000 and 2019.

Association between copper intake and essential hypertension: dual evidence from Mendelian randomization analysis and the NHANES database.

Background: Although previous studies have identified an association between trace elements and essential hypertension, the specific trace elements involved and the mechanisms of their association remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between various human trace elements and essential hypertension, thereby addressing existing gaps in the research.

Methods: This study employed two-sample, multivariate, and inverse Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to investigate the causal relationship between 15 human trace elements as exposure factors and essential hypertension as the outcome.

Improvement and application of vacuum-infiltration system in tomato.

The -mediated transient expression system has been developed and applied to various plants as an alternative to stable transformation. However, its application in tomatoes is still limited due to low expression efficiency. In this study, we describe an improved vacuum-infiltration system that can be used in both tomato fruits and leaves.

Ultrasonographic features and diagnostic accuracy of FNA and CNB in secondary thyroid malignancies: A retrospective study.

Objective: This study aims to examine the ultrasonographic features of secondary thyroid malignancies and compare the diagnostic efficacy of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and core needle biopsy (CNB) in this condition.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 29 patients with secondary thyroid malignancies treated at our center between July 2011 and October 2022. Ultrasound images and clinical data were analyzed, and the lesions were classified according to the American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (ACR TI-RADS).

Mechanisms of QingRe HuoXue Formula in atherosclerosis Treatment: An integrated approach using Bioinformatics, Machine Learning, and experimental validation.

Background: Atherosclerosis (AS) is the main cause of coronary heart disease, cerebral infarction, and peripheral vascular disease. QingRe HuoXue Formula (QRHXF), a common prescription of traditional Chinese medicine, has a definite effect on the clinical treatment of AS, but its mechanism remains to be further explored.

Purpose: The current study aimed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the QRHXF in the treatment of AS and further reveal its potential pharmacological mechanisms.

Estimating the loss-reduction effects of disaster preparedness and mitigation: An empirical study of US coastal states.

As extreme weather events like floods and storms continue to increase, it is crucial to examine the degree to which various disaster preparedness and mitigation investments can lower these risks. In this research, we empirically examine the effects of multiple federal disaster aid programs on reducing subsequent flood- and storm-related damages across US coastal states. Our analysis distinguishes aid programs and their funded projects targeting different emergency management functions, including preparedness, nonstructural and structural mitigation, emergency response and protective measures, and rehabilitation of public infrastructure.

The AaBBX21-AaHY5 module mediates light-regulated artemisinin biosynthesis in Artemisia annua L.

The sesquiterpene lactone artemisinin is an important anti-malarial component produced by the glandular secretory trichomes of sweet wormwood (Artemisia annua L.). Light was previously shown to promote artemisinin production, but the underlying regulatory mechanism remains elusive.