Primary pineal alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma in an adult patient: a case report and literature review.

Background: The rarity of adult primary cerebral rhabdomyosarcoma (PCRMS) cases has necessitated the adoption of pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) therapeutic protocols, highlighting a critical need for expanded treatment experiences to enhance prognoses.

Case Presentation: A 21-year-old female presented to our facility with a 20-day history of persistent headache, nausea, and vomiting, along with mild upward gaze palsy for the past 5 to 7 days. A brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a mass in the pineal region, extending into the third ventricle, measuring approximately 2.

Exploration of Brain Tumor Localization with High-density Electrocorticography.

The fast and accurate detection of brain tumor locations has always been a focus of research in the field of neuroscience. The main emphasis of this paper is to propose a potential intraoperative fast glioma localization technique. This study utilizes the rapid and high temporal resolution characteristics of electrocorticography to investigate the electroactive properties of the glioma region from a functional variability perspective and employs its differences to detect the location of the glioma.

Glioma-induced neural functional remodeling in the hand motor cortex: precise mapping with ECoG grids during awake craniotomy-experimental research.

Background: The dilemma of achieving 'onco-functional balance' in gliomas affecting the motor cortex highlights the importance of functionally-guided resection strategies. While accurate mapping of eloquent areas often requires frequent electrical stimulation, this practice can lead to side effects like seizures and postoperative deficits. To enhance safety in functional mapping, we studied how gliomas impact hand movement areas and assessed the effectiveness of cortical electrical activity for functional mapping in this setting.

Plasma Microbial Cell-Free DNA Sequencing for Diagnosis of Pediatric Lyme Disease.

We conducted an exploratory study of plasma microbial cell-free DNA sequencing for the diagnosis of Lyme disease among pediatric patients. Low levels of Borrelia burgdorferi microbial cell-free DNA (<3-5 molecules per microliter) were observed in 6/9 serologically confirmed participants, including 4/5 with arthritis and 2/3 with multiple erythema migrans.

Weakly supervised deep learning-based classification for histopathology of gliomas: a single center experience.

Multiple artificial intelligence systems have been created to facilitate accurate and prompt histopathological diagnosis of tumors using hematoxylin-eosin-stained slides. We aimed to investigate whether weakly supervised deep learning can aid in glioma diagnosis. We analyzed 472 whole slide images (WSIs) from 226 patients in West China Hospital (WCH) and 1604 WSIs from 880 patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).

A patent review of xanthine oxidase inhibitors (2021-present).

Introduction: Xanthine oxidase (XO) catalyzes the oxidation of both hypoxanthine and xanthine in the last two steps of the purine metabolic pathway, serving as a rate-limiting enzyme for uric acid production as well as a key target for the treatment of gout and other hyperuricemia-related conditions.

Areas Covered: This paper reviews XO inhibitors in patents from 2021 to the present. We summarize in detail the structural classes and characteristics, in vitro and in vivo biological results, and structure‒activity relationships of synthetic inhibitors, as well as the sources, specific structures, research methods, and biological activities of XO inhibitors from natural products.

Variable screening and model construction for prognosis of elderly patients with lower-grade gliomas based on LASSO-Cox regression: a population-based cohort study.

Background: This study aimed to identify prognostic factors for survival and develop a prognostic nomogram to predict the survival probability of elderly patients with lower-grade gliomas (LGGs).

Methods: Elderly patients with histologically confirmed LGG were recruited from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. These individuals were randomly allocated to the training and validation cohorts at a 2:1 ratio.

Dynamically Stabilizing Oxygen Atoms in Silver Catalyst for Highly Selective and Durable CO Reduction Reaction.

Oxide derived catalyst displays outstanding catalytic activity and selectivity in electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CORR), in which, it is found that residue oxygen atoms play a pivotal role in regulating the catalyst's electronic structure and thus the CORR process. Unfortunately, the intrinsic thermodynamic instability of oxygen atoms in oxide derived catalyst under cathodic CORR potentials makes it unstable during continuous electrolysis, greatly hindering its practical industrial applications. In this work, we develop a pulsed-bias technique that is able to dynamically stabilize the residue oxygen atoms in oxide derived catalyst during electrochemical CORR.

Health outcomes of COVID-19 patients from Wuhan, China 3-year after hospital discharge: a cohort study.

Objectives: To evaluate changes in health outcomes between years 2 and 3 after discharge following COVID-19 and to identify risk factors for poor health 3-year post-discharge.

Design: This is a multicentre observational cohort study.

Setting: This study was conducted in two centres from Wuhan, China.

Scaffold Hopping of Pristimerin Provides Derivatives Containing a Privileged Quinoxaline Substructure as Potent Autophagy Inducers in Breast Cancer Cells.

Pristimerin is a natural triterpenoid that has received much attention from medicinal chemists for its multiple biological activities. However, structural modifications of pristimerin, especially those aimed at discovering antitumor agents, are relatively limited. In this study, two series of pristimerin derivatives containing phenyloxazole and quinoxaline moieties, respectively, were designed via the scaffold hopping strategy.

Investigating distinct clinical features and constructing a nomogram model for survival probability in adults with cerebellar high-grade gliomas.

Background: The clinical features of cerebellar high-grade gliomas (cHGGs) in adults have not been thoroughly explored. This large-scale, population-based study aimed to comprehensively outline these traits and construct a predictive model.

Methods: Patient records diagnosed with gliomas were collected from various cohorts and analyzed to compare the features of cHGGs and supratentorial HGGs (sHGGs).

The cuproptosis-related signature predicts the prognosis and immune microenvironments of primary diffuse gliomas: a comprehensive analysis.

Background: Evidence has revealed a connection between cuproptosis and the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. While the efficacy of a model based on cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) in predicting the prognosis of peripheral organ tumors has been demonstrated, the impact of CRGs on the prognosis and the immunological landscape of gliomas remains unexplored.

Methods: We screened CRGs to construct a novel scoring tool and developed a prognostic model for gliomas within the various cohorts.

Leaching characteristics and environmental impact of heavy metals in tailings under rainfall conditions: A case study of an ion-adsorption rare earth mining area.

Following ion-adsorption rare earth mining, the residual tailings experience considerable heavy metal contamination and gradually evolve into a pollution source. Therefore, the leaching characteristics and environmental impact of heavy metals in ion-adsorption rare earth tailings require immediate and thorough investigation. This study adopted batch and column experiments to investigate the leaching behaviour of heavy metals in tailings and assess the impact of tailings on paddy soil, thereby providing a scientific basis for environmental protection in mining areas.

The impact of telomere length on the risk of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) affects mainly aged populations. The gradual shortening of telomere length (TL) is one of the hallmarks of aging. Whereas the genetic contribution of TL to the iNPH is incompletely understood.

Tumor treating fields for newly diagnosed high-grade glioma based on the criteria of 2021 WHO CNS5: A retrospective analysis of Chinese patients in a single center.

Background And Objective: High-grade glioma (HGG) is known to be characterized by a high degree of malignancy and a worse prognosis. The classical treatment is safe resection supplemented by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Tumor treating fields (TTFields), an emerging physiotherapeutic modality that targets malignant solid tumors using medium-frequency, low-intensity, alternating electric fields to interfere with cell division, have been used for the treatment of new diagnosis of glioblastoma, however, their administration in HGG requires further clinical evidence.

Clinical value of serum LINC02446 and S100B in early diagnosis and prognosis assessment of traumatic brain injury.

Objective: To detect the expression levels of LINC02446 and S100B in serum of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and explore their values as diagnostic and prognostic indicators for TBI.

Method: Abnormal expressed RNAs in brain injury were screened from the dataset GSE1131475. Serums were collected from moderate to severe TBI patients at 1-3 and 4-12 h post injury.

Identification and functional characterization of annexin A2 in half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis).

Annexin A2 (AnxA2), belonging to the annexin family, plays a crucial role in immune responses. In this study, the cDNA of the AnxA2 gene was identified in half-smooth tongue sole, Cynoglossus semilaevis. The transcript of AnxA2 gene in C.

Assembly and analysis of the genome of Notholithocarpus densiflorus.

Tanoak (Notholithocarpus densiflorus) is an evergreen tree in the Fagaceae family found in California and southern Oregon. Historically, tanoak acorns were an important food source for Native American tribes, and the bark was used extensively in the leather tanning process. Long considered a disjunct relictual element of the Asian stone oaks (Lithocarpus spp.

Application of coconut shell activated carbon filter in vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland for enhanced multi-metal bioremediation and antioxidant response of Salvinia cucullate.

Coconut shell activated carbon (CNSAC) was applied as a filter layer in hybrid vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (H-VSSF-CW), in order to enhance the multi-metal removal efficiency of the constructed wetland (CW) and to reduce heavy metal accumulation on Salvinia cucullata. Treatment P + AC, (having CNSAC filter layer), showed 32, 21 and 34% more Cd, Cr, and Pb removal efficiency than treatment P (without CNSAC layer). CNSAC activated carbon adsorbed Cd and Pb and Cr by functional groups -NH, -NO2, -C-O, -OH and -CO, and significantly reduced Cd and Pb exposure to S.

Real-world implementation of a multilevel interventions program to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HBV in China.

Reducing hepatitis B virus (HBV) mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) is a fundamental step toward the HBV elimination goal. The multicentred, multilevel SHIELD program aimed to use an intense intervention package to reduce HBV MTCT in China. This study was conducted in diverse health settings across China, encompassing 30,109 pregnant women from 178 hospitals, part of the interim analysis of stage II of the SHIELD program, and 8,642 pregnant women from 160 community-level health facilities in stage III of the SHIELD program.

Causal effects of potential risk factors on postpartum depression: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a type of depressive episode related to parents after childbirth, which causes a variety of symptoms not only for parents but also affects the development of children. The causal relationship between potential risk factors and PPD remains comprehensively elucidated.

Methods: Linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) analysis was conducted to screen the heritability of each instrumental variant (IV) and to calculate the genetic correlations between effective causal factors and PPD.

Efficacy and safety of utidelone plus capecitabine in advanced first-line therapy for metastatic breast cancer: A multicenter real-world study.

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of utidelone plus capecitabine for advanced first-line versus second-line or above therapy in metastatic breast cancer patients who had previously received anthracycline and taxane. At the same time, we compared the efficacy of utidelone plus capecitabine and vinorelbine plus cisplatin in advanced first-line treatment of metastatic breast cancer.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective cohort of 11 patients with metastatic breast cancer previously treated with anthracycline and taxane (including neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapies) for advanced first-line with utidelone plus capecitabine, 32 patients treated with second-line or above, and 60 patients with vinorelbine plus cisplatin between October 2011 and August 2022 was collected.

Leptolyngbya sp. XZMQ and Bacillus XZM co-inoculation reduced sunflower arsenic toxicity by regulating rhizosphere microbial structure and enzyme activity.

Microorganisms are of great significance for arsenic (As) toxicity amelioration in plants as soil fertility is directly affected by microbes. In this study, we innovatively explored the effects of indigenous cyanobacteria (Leptolyngbya sp. XZMQ) and plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) (Bacillus XZM) on the growth and As absorption of sunflower plants from As-contaminated soil.