Long-Cycling, Fast-Charging Lithium Metal Batteries Enabled by Nickel-Carbon Composite Nanosheet Arrays Modified Lithium Metal Anodes.

Lithium (Li) metal anode, one of the most promising candidates for next-generation rechargeable batteries, has always suffered from uneven Li deposition/stripping. To address this issue, this work designs a novel nickel-carbon composite modified Li metal anode (FNC-NF) by carbonizing fluoride nickel hydroxide nanosheet arrays grown on nickel foam (NF). These electrochemical tests present that the conductive and lithiophilic FNC can effectively restrain the growth of Li dendrites during the cycling of Li deposition/stripping at large capacities up to 10 mAh cm.

Causal relationship between plasma metabolites and carpal tunnel syndrome risk: evidence from a mendelian randomization study.

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common symptom of nerve compression and a leading cause of pain and hand dysfunction. However, the underlying biological mechanisms are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to reveal the causal effect of circulating metabolites on susceptibility to CTS.

Pristine Wood-Supported Electrodes With Intrinsic Superhydrophilic/Superaerophobic Surface Intensify Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.

Wood, as a renewable material, has been regarded as an emerging substrate for self-supporting electrodes in large-scale water electrolysis due to numerous merits such as rich pore structure, abundant hydroxyl groups, etc. However, poor conductivity of wood can greatly suppress the performance of wood-based electrodes. Carbonization process can improve wood's conductivity, but the loss of hydroxyl groups and the required high energy consumption are the drawbacks of such a process.

Co-adsorbed self-assembled monolayer enables high-performance perovskite and organic solar cells.

Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) have become pivotal in achieving high-performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and organic solar cells (OSCs) by significantly minimizing interfacial energy losses. In this study, we propose a co-adsorb (CA) strategy employing a novel small molecule, 2-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)isonicotinic acid (PyCA-3F), introducing at the buried interface between 2PACz and the perovskite/organic layers. This approach effectively diminishes 2PACz's aggregation, enhancing surface smoothness and increasing work function for the modified SAM layer, thereby providing a flattened buried interface with a favorable heterointerface for perovskite.

Bioinspired Multistimuli-Induced Synergistic Changes in Color and Shape of Hydrogel and Actuator Based on Fluorescent Microgels.

Fluorescent hydrogels have emerged as one of the most promising candidates for developing biomimetic materials and artificial intelligence owing to their unique fluorescence and responsive properties. However, it is still challenging to fabricate hydrogel that exhibits synergistic changes in fluorescence color and shape in response to multistimulus via a simple method. Herein, blue- and orange-emitting fluorescent microgels (MGs) both are designed and synthesized with pH-, thermal-, and cationic-sensitivity via one-step polymerization, respectively.

PLSCR1 promotes apoptosis and clearance of retinal ganglion cells in glaucoma pathogenesis.

Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. In the pathogenesis of glaucoma, activated microglia can lead to retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) apoptosis and death, however, the molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. We demonstrate that phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) is a key regulator promoting RGCs apoptosis and their clearance by microglia.

In Situ Reconstructed Zn doped Fe Ni OOH Catalyst for Efficient and Ultrastable Oxygen Evolution Reaction at High Current Densities.

Developing FeOOH as a robust electrocatalyst for high output oxygen evolution reaction (OER) remains challenging due to its low conductivity and dissolvability in alkaline conditions. Herein, it is demonstrated that the robust and high output Zn doped NiOOH-FeOOH (Zn-Fe Ni )OOH catalyst can be derived by electro-oxidation-induced reconstruction from the pre-electrocatalyst of Zn modified Ni metal/FeOOH film supported by nickel foam (NF). In situ Raman and ex situ characterizations elucidate that the pre-electrocatalyst undergoes dynamic reconstruction occurring on both the catalyst surface and underneath metal support during the OER process.

Thermal-Radiation-Driven Ultrafast Crystallization of Perovskite Films Under Heavy Humidity for Efficient Inverted Solar Cells.

Fabricating perovskite solar cells (PSCs) in air is conducive to low-cost commercial production; nevertheless, it is rather difficult to achieve comparable device performance as that in an inert atmosphere because of the poor moisture toleration of perovskite materials. Here, the perovskite crystallization process is systematically studied using two-step sequential solution deposition in an inert atmosphere (glovebox) and air. It is found that moisture can stabilize solvation intermediates and prevent their conversion into perovskite crystals.

Bridging the Interfacial Contact for Improved Stability and Efficiency of Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells.

Inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have received widespread attention due to their facile fabrication and wide applications. However, their power conversion efficiency (PCE) is reported lower than that of regular PSCs because of the undesirable interfacial contact between perovskite and the hydrophobic hole transport layer (HTL). Here, an interface regulation strategy is proposed to overcome this limitation.

Doping Free and Amorphous NiO Film via UV Irradiation for Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells.

High crystallization and conductivity are always required for inorganic carrier transport materials for cheap and high-performance inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). High temperature and external doping are inevitably introduced and thus greatly hamper the applications of inorganic materials for mass production of flexible and tandem devices. Here, an amorphous and dopant-free inorganic material, Ni -rich NiO , is reported to be fabricated by a novel UV irradiation strategy, which is facile, easily scaled-up, and energy-saving because all the processing temperatures are below 82 ℃.

Cucurbitacin E Triggers Cellular Senescence in Colon Cancer Cells via Regulating the miR-371b-5p/TFAP4 Signaling Pathway.

The induction of cellular senescence is considered as a potent strategy to suppress cancer progression. Cucurbitacin E (CE) belongs to the triterpenoids and has received substantial attention for its antineoplastic property. However, the function of CE on cellular senescence remained elusive.

Defect of LSS Disrupts Lens Development in Cataractogenesis.

Congenital cataract is one of the leading causes of blindness in children worldwide. About one-third of congenital cataracts are caused by genetic defects. LSS, which encodes lanosterol synthase, is a causal gene for congenital cataracts.

Antisolvent Engineering to Optimize Grain Crystallinity and Hole-Blocking Capability of Perovskite Films for High-Performance Photovoltaics.

With potential commercial applications, inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have received wide-spread attentions as they are compatible with tandem devices and processed at low-temperature. Nevertheless, their efficiencies remain unsatisfactory due to insufficient film quality on hydrophobic hole transport layer and limited hole-blocking capability of the electron transport layer. Herein, 1,3,5-Tris(1-phenyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)benzene (TPBi), an n-type semiconductor, is incorporated into the antisolvent to simultaneously regulate the grain growth and charge transport of perovskite films.

NiCoS@Cobalt Carbonate Hydroxide Obtained by Surface Sulfurization for Efficient and Stable Hydrogen Evolution at Large Current Densities.

Developing earth-abundant, active, and stable electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reactions (HERs) at large current densities has remained challenging. Herein, heterostructured nickel foam-supported cobalt carbonate hydroxide nanoarrays embellished with NiCoS nanoflakes (NiCoS@CoCH NAs/NF) are designed via room-temperature sulfurization, which can drive 10 and 1000 mA cm at low overpotentials of 55 and 438 mV for HER and exhibit impressive long-term stability at the industrial-level current density. Surprisingly, NiCoS@CoCH NAs/NF after a 500 h stability test at 500 mA cm exhibit better catalytic performance than the initial one at high current densities.

Phase management in single-crystalline vanadium dioxide beams.

A systematic study of various metal-insulator transition (MIT) associated phases of VO, including metallic R phase and insulating phases (T, M1, M2), is required to uncover the physics of MIT and trigger their promising applications. Here, through an oxide inhibitor-assisted stoichiometry engineering, we show that all the insulating phases can be selectively stabilized in single-crystalline VO beams at room temperature. The stoichiometry engineering strategy also provides precise spatial control of the phase configurations in as-grown VO beams at the submicron-scale, introducing a fresh concept of phase transition route devices.

Constructing and optimizing hollow ZnFeO@polyaniline composites as high-performance microwave absorbers.

In this study, a series of hollow ZnFeO@polyaniline composites (ZFO@PANI) were synthesized by a facile solvothermal process and followed by in-situ chemical oxidation polymerization method, and then evaluated as microwave absorption (MA) absorbers. The effect of ZFO content on the electrical conductivity, electromagnetic parameters and MA performance of the ZFO@PANI composites was also elaborately investigated. As anticipated, the optimized composites of S2 exhibits the minimum reflection loss (RL) of -59.

polysaccharides prevent LPS-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting inflammation via the TLR4/Myd88/NF-κB pathway.

Inflammation plays an important role in cases of acute lung injury (ALI), and the Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-κB (TLR4/NF-κB) pathway, which can be regulated by polysaccharides (PSPs), is closely related to the dynamics of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation. Thus, we sought to evaluate whether or not PSPs prevent LPS-induced ALI by way of inhibiting inflammation via the TLR4/NF-κB pathway in rats. We established an ALI rat model by tracheal instillation of LPS, and by pre-injection of PSPs into rats to examine PSPs in the ALI rat model.

Highly swelling pH-responsive microgels for dual mode near infra-red fluorescence reporting and imaging.

Near infra-red (NIR) fluorescence is a desirable property for probe particles because such deeply penetrating light enables remote reporting of the local environment in complex surroundings and imaging. Here, two NIR non-radiative energy transfer (NRET) fluorophores (Cy5 and Cy5.5) are coupled to preformed pH-responsive poly(ethylacrylate-methacrylic acid-divinylbenzene) microgel particles (PEA-MAA-5/5.

Propofol-Bispectral Index (BIS) Electroencephalography (EEG) Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Model in Patients With Post-Cerebral Hemorrhage Hydrocephalus.

. Titrating hypnotic agents for patients who suffer from a cerebral insult is a challenging task. To date there is no real gold standard to precisely quantify electroencephalography (EEG) response in a fashion that could be utilized for patients with post-cerebral hemorrhage hydrocephaly.

Charge Transfer Boosting Moisture Resistance of Seminude Perovskite Nanocrystals via Hierarchical Alumina Modulation.

Boosting the stability improvement of cesium lead halide (CsPbX) perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) remains a serious challenge. In this work, CsPbX NCs are effectively anchored on a hierarchical (-) alumina (AlO) substrate to form seminude CsPbX@-AlO composites, which can emit strong green light even after being stored in water for 30 days, in sharp contrast to the pure CsPbBr NCs. Other oxides, such as TiO, ZnO, and SiO, have no boosting effect on the moisture resistance of perovskite NCs.

Using Soft Polymer Template Engineering of Mesoporous TiO Scaffolds to Increase Perovskite Grain Size and Solar Cell Efficiency.

The mesoporous (meso)-TiO layer is a key component of high-efficiency perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, pore size controllable meso-TiO layers are prepared using spin coating of commercial TiO nanoparticle (NP) paste with added soft polymer templates (SPT) followed by removal of the SPT at 500 °C. The SPTs consist of swollen crosslinked polymer colloids (microgels, MGs) or a commercial linear polymer (denoted as LIN).

Effect of Hydrotalcite on Indometacin-Induced Gastric Injury in Rats.

Background And Aims: Hydrotalcite plays an important role in the therapy of gastric ulcer induced by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), but little is known about the mechanism. We designed two experiments to study the preventive and curative effects of hydrotalcite on NSAIDs-related gastric injury in rats and to investigate the relationship between the protective and curative mechanism of hydrotalcite and the secretion of epidermal growth factor (EGF)/prostaglandin E2 (PGE2).

Methods: Two experiments were separately designed to evaluate the preventive and curative effects of hydrotalcite.