Effect of Arsenic Exposure and Cigarette Smoking on Total and Cause-Specific Mortality: An Occupational Cohort With 27 Follow-up Years.

Background: The relationship between arsenic exposure and all-cause mortality and the joint effects of arsenic exposure and smoking have been poorly described in previous studies.

Methods: After 27 years of follow-up, a total of 1738 miners were included in the analysis. Different statistical methods were used to explore the relationship between arsenic exposure and smoking and the risk of all-cause mortality and various causes of death.

Synergy of arsenic with smoking in causing cardiovascular disease mortality: A cohort study with 27 follow-up years in China.

Background: To explore the patterns of the exposure-response relationship between arsenic exposure and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and investigate the effect of cigarette smoking on the association.

Methods: Seven thousand seven hundred thirty-five tin miners with at least 10 years of arsenic exposure were enrolled since 1992 and followed up for 27 years. Each individual's air arsenic exposure at workplace was calculated by time weighted average arsenic concentration × exposure months.

Additional new species of the genus Hexarhopalus Fairmaire, 1891 (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae: Cnodalonini) from China.

Three new species of the genus Hexarhopalus Fairmaire, 1891, all of the nominate subgenus, are described and figured from China: Hexarhopalus (Hexarhopalus) ferreri sp. nov. from Yunnan, H.

Effect of Time Since Smoking Cessation on Lung Cancer Incidence: An Occupational Cohort With 27 Follow-Up Years.

Background: This special cohort reveals the effect of smoking cessation in occupational miners exposed to radon and arsenic.

Methods: A total of 9,134 tin miners with at least 10 years of underground radon and arsenic exposure were enrolled beginning in 1992 and followed for up to 27 years. Detailed smoking information was collected at baseline, and information on smoking status was consecutively collected from 1992 to 1996.

Quantitative evaluation of radon, tobacco use and lung cancer association in an occupational cohort with 27 follow-up years.

Background: Occupational radon cohorts provide important information about exposure at residential level, which are difficult to observe prospectively. However, evidence about radon-related lung cancer risks from initial exposure in childhood or interaction between radon and smoking is still limited.

Methods: A total of 6017 tin miners with at least 10 years of underground radon exposure were enrolled beginning in 1992 and followed for up to 27 years.

Arsenic, tobacco use, and lung cancer: An occupational cohort with 27 follow-up years.

Background: We explored the shape of the exposure-response relationship of arsenic-related lung cancer and the interaction between arsenic and tobacco use.

Methods: A total of 3278 tin miners with at least 10 years of arsenic exposure were enrolled since 1992 and followed up for 27 years. After excluding radon-exposed miners and former smokers, 1620 miners were included into the sub-cohort.

Performance of lung cancer screening with low-dose CT in Gejiu, Yunnan: A population-based, screening cohort study.

Background: The performance of lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography (CT) (LDCT) in China is uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of LDCT lung cancer screening in the Chinese setting.

Methods: In 2014, a screening cohort of lung cancer with LDCT was established in Gejiu, Yunnan Province, a screening center of the Lung Cancer Screening Program in Rural China (LungSPRC).

A pooled analysis of molecularly targeted agents for treatment of metastatic oesophago-gastric cancer in elderly patients.

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy of molecularly targeted agents (MTAs) in the treatment of elderly patients with metastatic oesophago-gastric cancer (mOGC).

Material And Methods: We systematically searched electronic databases and abstracts presented at American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) meetings up to January 31, 2017. Hazard ratios (HRs) were used to estimate overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).

The prognostic role of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients with acute heart failure: A cohort study.

Identification of rapid, inexpensive, and reliable prognostic factors can improve survival estimation and guide healthcare in patients with acute heart failure (AHF). In this study, we aimed to determine the prognostic value of the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in patients with AHF. A total of 443 patients from two hospitals met the inclusion criteria from January 2010 to December 2017.

EGFR-TKI resistance and MAP17 are associated with cancer stem cell like properties.

Patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with sensitive epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations generally react well to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). However acquired resistance eventually occurs. Several mechanisms contribute to the resistance including T790M mutation, c-Met amplification and PIK3CA mutation.

Oesophageal adenocarcinoma has a higher risk of lymph node metastasis than squamous cell carcinoma: a propensity score-matched study.

Objectives: The pattern of lymph node metastasis is a predominant element in tumour biology, which is closely related to optimal therapeutic modality. Controversy remains as to which histopathology type of oesophageal cancer-adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)-is more likely to have lymph node metastasis. Therefore, this study aimed to apply propensity score-matched analysis to draw an objective conclusion for providing initial evidence of the potential need for different therapeutic strategies for these 2 cancer types.

A consensus on liquid biopsy from the 2016 Chinese Lung Cancer Summit expert panel.

The diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer have evolved into the era of precision medicine. Liquid biopsy, a minimally invasive approach, has emerged as a promising practice in genetic profiling and monitoring of lung cancer. Translating liquid biopsy from bench to bedside has encountered various challenges, including technique selection, protocol standardisation, data analysis and cost management.

The safety profile of preoperative administration of heparin for thromboprophylaxis in Chinese patients intended for thoracoscopic major thoracic surgery: a pilot randomized controlled study.

Background: Patients undergoing major thoracic surgery especially for cancers are at a high risk of perioperative thromboembolism. Current guidelines recommended either heparin sodium (unfractionated heparin) or low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) for those patients at high risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). However, the rational timing of starting heparin has not yet been well established, because DVT can be caused by not only surgery but also comorbidities as well as prolonged hospital stay, and thoracic surgeons always concerned about heparin-related increased risk of intra- or post-operative bleeding.

The lncRNA XIST exhibits oncogenic properties via regulation of miR-449a and Bcl-2 in human non-small cell lung cancer.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are associated with the occurrence, development and prognoses of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In the present study, we investigated the functional mechanisms of the lncRNA XIST in two human NSCLC cell lines, A549 and NCI-H1299. In all the 5 NSCLC cell lines (NL9980, NCI-H1299, NCI-H460, SPC-A-1 and A549) tested, the expression levels of XIST were significantly elevated, as compared with those in normal human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B.

Benzyl isothiocyanate induces protective autophagy in human lung cancer cells through an endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated mechanism.

Isothiocyanates, such as allyl isothiocya¬nate (AITC), benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC), phenethyl isothio¬cyanate (PEITC) and sulforaphane (SFN), are natural compounds abundant in cruciferous vegetables, which have substantial chemopreventive activities against various human malignancies. However, the mechanisms underlying the inhibition of tumor cell growth by isothiocyanates are not fully understood. Since autophagy has dual functions in cancer, in the present study we investigated the effects of BITC on autophagy induction in human lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.

China national lung cancer screening guideline with low-dose computed tomography (2015 version).

Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in China. Results from a randomized controlled trial using annual low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) in specific high-risk groups demonstrated a 20% reduction in lung cancer mortality.

Methods: A China national lung cancer screening guideline was developed by lung cancer early detection and treatment expert group appointed by the National Health and Family Planning Commission, based on results of the National Lung Screening Trial, systematic review of evidence related to LDCT screening, and protocol of lung cancer screening program conducted in rural China.

Novel link between prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and cholinergic signaling in lung cancer: The role of c-Jun in PGE2-induced α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor expression and tumor cell proliferation.

Background: Cyclooxygenase-2-derived prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) stimulates tumor cell growth and progression. α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) is a major mediator of cholinergic signaling in tumor cells. In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms by which PGE2 increases non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) proliferation via α7 nAChR induction.

Review of aerobic glycolysis and its key enzymes - new targets for lung cancer therapy.

Most tumor cells show different metabolic pathways than normal cells. Even under the conditions of sufficient oxygen, they produce energy by a high rate of glycolysis followed by lactic acid fermentation in the cytosol, which is known as aerobic glycolysis or the Warburg effect. Lung cancer is a malignant tumor with one of the highest incidence and mortality rates in the world at present.

Overview of fundamental study of pazopanib in cancer.

Angiogenesis is an indispensible process for tumor growth and metastasis. Anti-angiogenesis based therapy is one of the most promising treatments for inhibiting cancer progression. Through the exploration of inhibitors of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-2, deemed as the major angiogenesis pathway, pazopanib was found as a small molecular pan-VEGFR and pan-platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) inhibitor, with suitable pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic parameters to be an oral drug.

Fast-track surgery for gastroenteric neoplasms: a meta-analysis.

Aims And Background: Fast-track surgery has been shown to enhance postoperative recovery. The objective of the study was to determine the differences of fast-track surgery and conventional care for patients with gastroenteric neoplasms.

Methods And Study Design: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for related trials to compare hospital stay and rates of complications and readmission.

NK cell phenotypic modulation in lung cancer environment.

Background: Nature killer (NK) cells play an important role in anti-tumor immunotherapy. But it indicated that tumor cells impacted possibly on NK cell normal functions through some molecules mechanisms in tumor microenvironment.

Materials And Methods: Our study analyzed the change about NK cells surface markers (NK cells receptors) through immunofluorescence, flow cytometry and real-time PCR, the killed function from mouse spleen NK cell and human high/low lung cancer cell line by co-culture.

Mechanisms for steep pulse irreversible electroporation technology to kill human large cell lung cancer cells L9981.

To explore the mechanisms for steep pulse irreversible electroporation technology to kill the lung cancer cell L9981. The apoptosis, cells mitochondrial membrane potential, internal PH changes and the intra-cellular calcium ions concentration were detected after steep pulses acted on the human large cell lung cancer cell L9981. Apoptosis test results indicated that cancer cells mainly experienced necrosis and apoptosis.

HapMap-based study on the association between MPO and GSTP1 gene polymorphisms and lung cancer susceptibility in Chinese Han population.

Aim: Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and glutathione S-transferase pi 1 (GSTP1) are important carcinogen-metabolizing enzymes. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the common polymorphisms of MPO and GSTP1 genes and lung cancer risk in Chinese Han population.

Methods: A total of 266 subjects with lung cancer and 307 controls without personal history of the disease were recruited in this case control study.