The role of Foxo3a in neuron-mediated cognitive impairment.

Cognitive impairment (COI) is a prevalent complication across a spectrum of brain disorders, underpinned by intricate mechanisms yet to be fully elucidated. Neurons, the principal cell population of the nervous system, orchestrate cognitive processes and govern cognitive balance. Extensive inquiry has spotlighted the involvement of Foxo3a in COI.

Complete response of recurrent perihilar cholangiocarcinoma following sintilimab combined with lenvatinib plus S-1: a case report and review of literature.

Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma is a refractory malignancy with an unfavorable prognosis and a high probability of recurrence. Systemic chemotherapy is critical for palliative treatment, but effective therapeutic strategies for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma after first-line chemotherapy failure are scarce. Here, we introduced a sustained benefit following sintilimab combined with lenvatinib plus S-1 in a patient with recurrent perihilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Real-world experience of postoperative adjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma at high risk of recurrence.

Background: This study aimed to assess whether postoperative adjuvant chemoimmunotherapy could lead to better clinical outcomes for high-risk patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA).

Methods: In the cohort study, we retrospectively reviewed patients who received surgical resection for pCCA with curative intent from January 2018 to December 2021 at the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital. The patients at high risk for relapse were further analyzed.

Transcriptome analysis provides insights into the molecular mechanism of liver inflammation and apoptosis in juvenile largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides fed low protein high starch diets.

The present study was conducted to investigate the regulatory mechanism of liver injury in largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides (LMB) fed low protein high starch diets. Two isolipidic and isoenergetic diets were formulated with different protein and starch ratios, being named as diets P49S9 (48.8 % protein and 9.

Effects of WB-EMS and protein supplementation on body composition, physical function, metabolism and inflammatory biomarkers in middle-aged and elderly patients with sarcopenic obesity: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: The patients with sarcopenic obesity (SO) have the characteristics of both sarcopenia and obesity, that is, less muscle mass and increased fat mass, and their morbidity, disability and mortality are higher than patients with sarcopenia or obesity alone.

Objectives: To investigate the effects of whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) training and protein supplementation intervention on body composition, physical function, metabolism and inflammatory biomarkers in middle-aged and elderly patients with SO.

Methods: We searched for randomized controlled trials in seven databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, SinoMed, and CNKI as of July 3, 2021.

Effects of resistance training on body composition and physical function in elderly patients with osteosarcopenic obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Unlabelled: Osteosarcopenic obesity (OSO) is a complex disease commonly seen in the elderly. We found that resistance training may improve bone mineral density, skeletal muscle mass, and body fat percentage in patients with OSO. Therefore, resistance training is beneficial for elderly OSO patients and is worth being promoted.

Complete Response to Combined Chemotherapy and Anti-PD-1 Therapy for Recurrent Gallbladder Carcinosarcoma: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Gallbladder carcinosarcoma (GBCS) is a rare and aggressive malignancy with extremely poor prognosis. Although surgery is regarded as the primary therapy for GBCS, the effective therapeutic strategies for unresected lesions have been poorly defined.

Case Presentation: We presented a case of a 74-year-old male who underwent radical resection of gallbladder carcinoma at a local hospital.

XELOX doublet regimen versus EOX triplet regimen as first-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer: An open-labeled, multicenter, randomized, prospective phase III trial (EXELOX).

Background: There is no consensus on whether triplet regimen is better than doublet regimen in the first-line treatment of advanced gastric cancer (AGC). We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of oxaliplatin plus capecitabine (XELOX) and epirubicin, oxaliplatin, plus capecitabine (EOX) regimens in treating AGC.

Methods: This phase III trial enrolled previously untreated patients with AGC who were randomly assigned to receive the XELOX or EOX regimen.

Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy: a retrospective study of 200 cases and the optimization of the single-center learning curve.

Background: Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD) is widely used in several centers. This study analyzed the postoperative complications rate curve, possible cause, and solution of LPD and open pancreaticoduodenectomy (OPD).

Methods: Between January 2015 and December 2019, the study included 213 and 204 patients undergoing OPD and LPD, respectively.

Social cognition in multiple sclerosis and its subtypes: A meta-analysis.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated demyelinating disease that disrupts several social cognitive abilities, including the theory of mind (ToM) and facial emotion recognition (FER). It is unclear how specific ToM subcomponents, including cognitive and affective ToM, are affected in patients with MS and the social cognitive abilities in MS subtypes.

Methods: A search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases was conducted until June 2020.

Empathy and Theory of Mind in Multiple Sclerosis: A Meta-Analysis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Studies have shown that MS disrupts several social cognitive abilities [including empathy and theory of mind (ToM)]. Overall ToM deficits in MS are well documented, but how the specific ToM subcomponents and empathic capacity are affected remains unclear.

Retinal nerve fiber layer changes in migraine: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Migraine is one of the most common disabling diseases in the world. Its recurrent attacks may lead to abnormalities in the structure of the brain and retina. An increasing number of studies have investigated retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness alterations in migraine by the optical coherence tomography (OCT); however, no consensus has yet reached.

Theory of mind in adults with traumatic brain injury: A meta-analysis.

Studies of abnormal theory of mind (ToM) performance in adult patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) have reported inconsistent results. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to characterize ToM performance in adult patients with TBI. Random-effects models were employed to estimate the overall effect size and the differential effect sizes across different ToM aspects.

Empathy and theory of mind in multiple sclerosis: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Recently, numerous studies have shown that MS disrupts a number of social cognitive abilities, including empathy, theory of mind (ToM), and facial emotion recognition. In contrast to well-documented deficits in the core social cognitive domains of ToM and facial emotion recognition, it is not clear the broad and specific subcomponents of empathy processing affected.

Social cognition in multiple sclerosis and its subtypes: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and degenerative neurological disorder of the central nervous system. Cognitive impairment is frequent in MS patients, which not only includes deficits in abilities assessed by traditional neuropsychological batteries, but also often features impairments in social cognition (including theory of mind and facial emotion recognition). Recently, numerous studies have assessed social cognition performance in MS.

Retinal nerve fiber layer changes in migraine: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Migraine is a common neurological disease, which seriously affects the quality of life and daily activities of patients. Although migraine is a transient phenomenon of cerebral vasoconstriction, it is well documented that recurrent attacks of migraine may lead to abnormalities in retinal structure. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a sensitive method to detect subtle damage in retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL).

Facial emotion recognition in adult with traumatic brain injury: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) refers to head injuries that disrupt normal function of the brain. TBI commonly lead to a wide range of potential psychosocial functional deficits. Although psychosocial function after TBI is influenced by many factors, more and more evidence shows that social cognitive skills are critical contributors.

Insights into the Effect of Reactive Oxygen Species Regulation on Photocatalytic Performance via Construction of a Metal-Semiconductor Heterojunction.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), as primary intermediates formed during photocatalytic reactions, are critical for a photocatalyst to realize high activity. The major objective of this study was to investigate the regulation of ROS involved in the photocatalytic degradation process via constructing a typical metal-semiconductor hybrid heterojunction using Ag nanoparticles/anatase TiO₂ as an example. Based on radical capturing, electron paramagnetic resonance, and electron spin resonance experiments, an increase in the available ROS can be achieved in the Ag/TiO₂ heterojunction due to the fast separation of photogenerated carriers.

Secreted Wnt6 mediates diabetes-associated centrosome amplification via its receptor FZD4.

We recently published that type 2 diabetes promotes cell centrosome amplification via upregulation of Rho-associated protein kinase 1 (ROCK1) and 14-3-3 protein-σ (14-3-3σ). This study further investigates the molecular mechanisms underlying diabetes-associated centrosome amplification. We found that treatment of cells with high glucose, insulin, and palmitic acid levels increased the intracellular and extracellular protein levels of Wingless-type MMTV integration site family member 6 (Wnt6) as well as the cellular level of β-catenin.

PPARγ promotes diabetes-associated centrosome amplification via increasing the expression of SKA1 directly at the transcriptional level.

We have recently published that type 2 diabetes can induce cell centrosome amplification due to the action of high glucose, palmitic acid, and insulin, and ROCK1 and 14-3-3σ are signal mediators. In this study, we further investigated the molecular mechanisms of the centrosome amplification in colon cancer HCT116 cells. Treatment of the cells with high glucose, palmitic acid, and insulin increased the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) as well as the spindle and kinetochore associated protein 1 (SKA1), knockdown of each of which resulted in the inhibition of the treatment-triggered centrosome amplification.

Epithelial HO-1/STAT3 affords the protection of subanesthetic isoflurane against zymosan-induced lung injury in mice.

Epithelial dysfunction is a key characteristic of acute lung injury (ALI). Isoflurane (ISO) confers lung protection via anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. However, the specific role and potential mechanisms of subanesthetic ISO in lung epithelium protection during zymosan-induced ALI remain unclear.

Swimming attenuates inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in a rat model of dextran sulfate sodium-induced chronic colitis.

Increasing evidence suggests that regular physical exercise suppresses chronic inflammation. However, the potential inhibitory effects of swimming on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced chronic colitis, and its underlying mechanisms, remain unclear. In this study, rats were orally administered DSS to induce chronic colitis, and subsequently treated with or without swimming exercise.

Targeting ubiquitin-specific protease 22 suppresses growth and metastasis of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma.

Ubiquitin-specific protease 22 (USP22) aberrance has been implicated in several malignancies; however, whether USP22 plays a role in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) remains unclear. Here, we report that USP22 expression is highly elevated in ATC tissues, which positively correlated with tumor size, extracapsular invasion, clinical stages, and poor prognosis of ATC patients. In vitro assays showed that USP22 depletion suppressed ATC cell survival and proliferation by decreasing Rb phosphorylation and cyclin D2, inactivating Akt, and simultaneously upregulating Rb; USP22 silencing restrained cell migration and invasion by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition; USP22 knockdown promoted mitochondrion- mediated and caspase-dependent apoptosis by upregulating Bax and Bid and promoting caspase-3 activation.

Subanesthetic isoflurane relieves zymosan-induced neutrophil inflammatory response by targeting NMDA glutamate receptor and Toll-like receptor 2 signaling.

Neutrophil release of NO/ONOO- induces endothelial cell barrier dysfunction in inflammatory acute lung injury (ALI). Previous studies using zymosan-triggered inflammation and ALI model revealed that zymosan promotes inducible NO synthase (iNOS) expression in neutrophils, and that isoflurane inhibits zymosan-induced oxidative stress and iNOS biosynthesis. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown.

MiRNA-101 inhibits breast cancer growth and metastasis by targeting CX chemokine receptor 7.

Whereas miR-101 is involved in the development and progression of breast cancer, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Here, we report that miR-101 expression is inversely correlated with the clinical stage, lymph node metastasis and prognosis in breast cancers. Introduction of miR-101 inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion in vitro and suppressed tumor growth and lung metastasis of in vivo.