Exploring the changes and driving forces of water footprints in China from 2002 to 2012: A perspective of final demand.

Due to economic development and population growth, the water shortage in China has gradually become increasingly severe. In this paper, by developing an environmentally expanded input-output (IO) model, water footprint in China during 2002-2012 is calculated from the perspective of final demand. Furthermore, a structural decomposition analysis (SDA) model is used to study the driving factors of the water footprint of rural and urban household consumption, gross fixed capital formation and exports.

and antitumor effects of 50 to 100-KDa components from B16 melanoma culture supernatant.

The development of immunological therapies for melanoma has been of considerable concern in recent years. Whole tumor cell lysates have been used to develop antitumor vaccines, but the effective components of the lysates have not been identified. In the present study, protein elements were purified from the B16 supernatant to analyze the chemotaxis towards mouse spleen lymphocytes using a Boyden chamber.

Difference in glycerol levels between leukemia and normal bone marrow stem cells.

Aquaglyceroporin 9 (AQP9) is considered to be involved in numerous types of carcinogenic processes, particularly in liver carcinoma. AQP9 expression is significantly decreased in the human hepatocellular carcinoma when compared with the non-tumourigenic liver, which leads to increased resistance to apoptosis. In addition, AQP9 is permeable to glycerol and urea.

[Effect of histamine on metastasis of melanoma B16 cell xenograft in C57BL/6 mice].

Background & Objective: In the biotherapy for tumors, microvessel permeability is the main barrier for large molecular antibody-coupled antitumor drugs to enter the tumor mass. Histamine may enrich these drugs in the tumor matrix through enhancing microvessel permeability and tissue-fluid formation. This study was to investigate whether the increased microvessel permeability and more tissue fluid formation could increase the probability of lymphatic or hemal metastasis of tumor cells.

[Immuno-blot detection of hemangiopoietin in the human fetal liver].

Aim: To detect the expression of a novel protein, hemangiopoietin (HAPO), in the human fetal liver at the protein level.

Methods: Monoclonal antibodies (moAbs) against HAPO were produced by traditional hybridoma technique. Their affinities were calculated from the results of non-competitive ELISA and the antibodies were purified by protein G affinity chromatography.