Development and evaluation of a bivalent vaccine based on recombinant newcastle disease virus expressing infectious bursal disease virus VP2L-CH3-CH4 in SPF chickens.

Newcastle disease (ND) and infectious bursal disease (IBD) are two viral infectious diseases that are extremely damaging to the poultry industry and are widespread throughout the world. It is necessary to develop a safe and effective vaccine against IBD and ND because vaccination is an effective preventive measure. It has been discovered that recombinant proteins expressed by an expression system in which a fragment of mammalian Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Fragment crystallizable (Fc) is linked to a segment of a gene have antibody-like properties that increase the exogenous protein's serum half-life.

[Mechanism of colon cancer cell apoptosis induced by telocinobufagin: role of oxidative stress and apoptosis pathway].

Objective: To investigate the effects of telocinobufagin on viability and apoptosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and explore the mechanism of telocinobufagin-induced apoptosis.

Methods: MTT assay was performed to detect the viability of CRC cells exposed to telocinobufagin. Nuclear staining with Hoechst 33342 and flow cytometry were used to analyze the cell death of CRC cells.