Serum Immunoglobulin A (IgA) Level Is a Potential Biomarker Indicating Cirrhosis during Chronic Hepatitis B Infection.

Background. Serum immunoglobulins (Igs) are frequently elevated in patients with chronic liver disease, but currently there is a lack of sufficient data on serum Igs in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (CHB) infection. This study aimed to evaluate serum IgA, IgG, and IgM levels in patients with HBV-related cirrhosis and to analyze, if altered, immunoglobulin levels that were associated with cirrhosis progress.

[Study on the linkage between urban built-up land and water quality in the Jiulong River watershed].

Band grouping indices combined with single band characteristic were used to extract urban built-up land based on satellite image in the Jiulong River Watershed. Landscape ecology method and statistical analysis were employed to explore the relationship between urban built-up land and permanganate index, NH4(+) -N, TP concentrations. There were significantly positive correlations between the proportion of urban built-up land and permanganate index, NH4(+) -N, TP (r = 0.