Hypoxia-triggered O-GlcNAcylation in the brain drives the glutamate-glutamine cycle and reduces sensitivity to sevoflurane in mice.

Background: Hypersensitivity to general anaesthetics predicts adverse postoperative outcomes in patients. Hypoxia exerts extensive pathophysiological effects on the brain; however, whether hypoxia influences sevoflurane sensitivity and its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood.

Methods: Mice were acclimated to hypoxia (oxygen 10% for 8 h day) for 28 days and anaesthetised with sevoflurane; the effective concentrations for 50% of the animals (EC) showing loss of righting reflex (LORR) and loss of tail-pinch withdrawal response (LTWR) were determined.

MicroRNA-127 targeting of mitoNEET inhibits neurite outgrowth, induces cell apoptosis and contributes to physiological dysfunction after spinal cord transection.

Neuroregeneration and apoptosis are two important pathophysiologic changes after spinal cord injury (SCI), but their underlying mechanisms remain unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in the regulation of neuroregeneration and neuronal apoptosis, research areas that have been greatly expanded in recent years. Here, using miRNA arrays to profile miRNA transcriptomes, we demonstrated that miR-127-3p was significantly down-regulated after spinal cord transection (SCT).

Transplantation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) improves brain ischemia-induced pulmonary injury in rats associated to TNF-α expression.

Background: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSCs)-based therapy seems to be a promising treatment for acute lung injury, but the therapeutic effects of BMSCs transplantation on acute lung injury induced by brain ischemia and the mechanisms have not been totally elucidated. This study explores the effects of transplantation of BMSCs on acute lung injury induced by focal cerebral ischemia and investigates the underlying mechanism.

Methods: Acute lung injury model was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO).

Role of endogenous PDGF-BB in cultured cardiomyocytes exposed to hypoxia.

Platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) plays a critical role in cell proliferation, angiogenesis and fibrosis. However, its exact role in cardiomyocytes exposed to hypoxia is not well known. This study was therefore designed to detect whether PDGF-BB expression was changed in a hypoxic condition, then the possible role of endogenous PDGF-BB in cardiomyocytes was explored, with interference RNA in a lentiviral vector ex vivo.