Recent advance of small-molecule drugs for clinical treatment of multiple myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic neoplasm of plasma cells that is currently deemed incurable. Despite the introduction of novel immunomodulators and proteasome inhibitors, MM remains a challenging disease with high rates of relapse and refractoriness. The management of refractory and relapsed MM patients remains a formidable task, primarily due to the emergence of multiple drug resistance.

An anatomic study of trifurcate iliotibial bands for correcting valgus knee deformity.

Background: The iliotibial band (ITB) trifurcates into the anterior, central and posterior branches at the knee level, and sometimes the branches must be selectively released to correct the valgus knee deformity during total knee arthroplasty. However, the anatomical morphology of the trifurcate ITBs has not been investigated.

Methods: Fifty-two knees from 26 embalmed cadavers were dissected to observe and record the relationship of the three branches given off from the ITB trifurcation.