Realgar transforming solution-induced differentiation of NB4 cell by the degradation of PML/RARα partially through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.

PML/retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARα), as a hallmark of acute promyeloid leukemia (APL), is directly related to the outcome of clinical APL remedy. It is reported that arsenicals can effectively degrade PML/RARα, such as arsenic trioxide and realgar. However, the high toxicity or insolubility have hampered their clinical applications.

[Chemical Constituents from Young Fruits of Citrus maxima cv. Shatian].

Objective: To investigate the chemical constituents from the young fruits of Citrus maxima cv. Shatian.

Methods: The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography and recrystallization, and their structures were identified on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectral analysis.

Paenibacillus ripae sp. nov., isolated from bank side soil.

A Gram-stain-variable, rod-shaped, non-motile and endospore-forming bacterium, designated strain HZ1T, was isolated from a sample of bank side soil from Hangzhou city, Zhejiang province, PR China. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain HZ1T was closely related to members of the genus Paenibacillus, sharing the highest levels of sequence similarity with Paenibacillus agarexedens DSM 1327T (94.4 %), Paenibacillus sputi KIT00200-70066-1T (94.

Effects of pyrite bioleaching solution of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans on viability, differentiation and mineralization potentials of rat osteoblasts.

Iron pyrite, an important component of traditional Chinese medicine, has a poor solubility, bioavailability, and patient compliance due to a high dose required and associated side effects, all of which have limited its clinical applications and experimental studies on its action mechanisms in improving fracture healing. This study investigated Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (A.f)-bioleaching of two kinds of pyrites and examined bioactivities of the derived solutions in viability and osteogenic differentiation in rat calvarial osteoblasts.

[Study on the chemical constituents of Buddleja davidii].

Objective: To study the chemical constituents of Buddleja davidii.

Methods: The constituents were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography, polyamide column chromatography and macroporous adsorption resin and their structures were identified by spectroscopic analysis.

Results: Eight compounds were elucidated as : Cranioside A (1), Eutigoside A (2), 1-O-4-Dimethoxyphenylethyl-4-O-3,4-dimethoxyphenylethy-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3), Isomartynoside (4'), 4"-O-Acetylmartynoside (5), Stigmasterol glueoside (6), beta-Sitosterol (7), Daucosterol (8).

Biological extraction of realgar by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and its in vitro and in vivo antitumor activities.

Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans is a Gram-negative, chemolithoautotrophic bacterium involved in metal bioleaching. It is used for the extraction of coarse medical realgar, which is converted into an aqueous solution. To prove its feasibility as an anticancer drug candidate, extracted realgar (ER/Af) was evaluated for its antitumor activities both in vitro and in vivo.

[The inhibitory effects of Realgar bioleaching solution on S180 ascites-tumor and its toxicity].

Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effect of Realgar bioleaching solution (RBS) on tumor S180 cells line and estimate its toxicity, to provide experimental evidence for the further exploit of Realgar.

Methods: 24 hours after the models of ascites-tumor bearing mice were established, the mice were injected RBS once a day. The survival rates of S180 ascites-tumor bearing mice injected in RBS was studied, and the RBS acute toxicity of mice produced by oral, intraperitoneal or intravenous was evaluated by Drug Median Lethal Dose (LD50).

Peripheral inflammation increased the synaptic expression of NMDA receptors in spinal dorsal horn.

Considerable evidence has indicated that the aberrant, sustained enhancement of spinal NMDA receptors (NMDARs) function is closely associated with behavioral sensitization during inflammatory pain. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying inflammation-induced NMDARs hyperfunction remain poorly understood. The present study performed immunoblotting analysis to evaluate the possible changes in the protein expression of spinal NMDARs after injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) in mice.