A Review of Traditional Use, Constituent Analysis, Bioactivity, and Application of Volatile Oils from Elsholtzia.

Background: Elsholtzia belongs to the Labiatae family, which consists of herbaceous subshrubs and shrubs. Among them, volatile oils are an important chemical component in Elsholtzia, which have various bioactive medicinal and developmental values.

Methods: The references about volatile oils of Elsholtzia in this review were obtained from Web of Science, SciFinder, PubMed, Willy, Elsevier, SpringLink, ACS publications, Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar, Scopus, and CNKI.

Phyllanthus emblica Linn: A comprehensive review of botany, traditional uses, phytonutrients, health benefits, quality markers, and applications.

Phyllanthus emblica Linn is not only an edible fruit with high nutritional value, but also a medicinal plant with multiple bioactivities. It is widely used in clinical practice with functions of clearing heat, cooling blood, digesting food, strengthening stomach, promoting fluid production, and relieving cough. This review summarized a wide variety of phytonutrients, including nutritional components (mineral elements, amino acids, vitamins, polysaccharides, unsaturated free fatty acids) and functional components (phenolic acids (1-34), tannins (35-98), flavonoids (99-141), sterols (142-159), triterpenoids (160-175), lignans (176-183), alkaloids (184-197), alkanes (198-212), aromatic micromolecules (213-222), other compounds (223-239)).

The sources, properties, extraction, biosynthesis, pharmacology, and application of lycopene.

Lycopene is an important pigment with an alkene skeleton from , which is also obtained from some red fruits and vegetables. Lycopene is used in the food field with rich functions and serves in the medical field with multiple clinical values because it has dual functions of both medicine and food. It was found that lycopene was mainly isolated by solvent extraction, ultrasonic-assisted extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, high-intensity pulsed electric field-assisted extraction, enzymatic-assisted extraction, and microwave-assisted extraction.

de Boiss: Botany, Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Quantitative Analysis, and Pharmacology.

Background: de Boiss is a common Tibetan medicine used for both medicine and food, belonging to the family Apiaceae. This plant has the functions of dispelling wind, removing dampness, dispersing cold, and relieving pain. It has great development potential and application prospects in food development and medicinal value.

L.: A Comprehensive Review on the Botany, Traditional Uses, Phytonutrients, Health Benefits, Quality Markers, and Applications.

L. (sea buckthorn), consumed as a food and health supplement worldwide, has rich nutritional and medicinal properties. Different parts of L.

Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology of (Bureau & Franch.) Ling ex C. Shih: A Comprehensive Review.

Background: Pyrethrum tatsienense (Bureau & Franch.) Ling ex C. Shih (PTLCS) belongs to the family Compositae, which is a perennial medicinal plant mainly distributed in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China.

Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology of Highland Barley Went: A Comprehensive Review.

Background: Highland barley Monascus purpureus Went, a traditional Tibetan medicine with food functions, which is fermented by Monascus purpureus with highland barley as substrate. It possesses various medical functions of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, invigorating spleen and promoting digestion in folk of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China. This review provides a comprehensive overview of ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of highland barley Monascus purpureus Went.

Antidepressant alkaloids from the rhizomes of .

Two new alkaloids ( and ), named 1,7-dimethoxy-2'-prenyl-1',9-dihydropyrrolo-carbazole () and 1,7-dimethoxy-4',5'-dimethylcyclopenta-carbazole-1',3'-dione (), along with thirteen known alkaloids (-) were isolated by means of silica gel, sephadex LH-20, and semi-preparative HPLC from the CHCl extraction of for the first time. Their structures were determined by NMR, MS, IR, UV, and related references. Compounds (-) were evaluated for their antidepressant activities by measuring inhibition of monoamine neurotransmitter reuptake .

Establishment and metabonomics analysis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease model in golden hamster.

The aim is to establish a model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) caused by feeding with high-fat, high-fructose, and high-cholesterol diet (HFFCD) in golden hamsters, and to investigate the characteristics of the NAFLD model and metabolite changes of liver tissue. Golden hamsters were fed HFFCD or control diets for six weeks. Body weight, abdominal fat index, and liver index was assessed, serum parameters, hepatic histology, and liver metabolites were examined.

Dataset for liver metabolomic profile of highland barley went extract-treated golden hamsters with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is a serious problem endangering human health in the world. The pathogenesis of this disease is often accompanied by lipid metabolism disorder and can cause liver lipid accumulation. Highland barley Went extract (HBMPWE) can inhibit the liver lipid accumulation caused by a high-fat, high-fructose, high-cholesterol diet.

Highland barley Monascus purpureus Went extract ameliorates high-fat, high-fructose, high-cholesterol diet induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by regulating lipid metabolism in golden hamsters.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Hepatocyte lipid accumulation is the main feature in the early stage of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Highland barley Monascus purpureus Went (HBMPW), a fermentation product of Hordeum vulgare Linn. var.

Structurally diverse Monascus pigments with hypolipidemic and hepatoprotective activities from highland barley Monascus.

Highland barley Monascus has historically been used in solid state fermentation and traditional fermented foods in Tibet. It is possessed of the characteristics of medicine and food. Three new 8,13-unsaturated benzocyclodiketone-conjugated Monascus pigments (1-3), three new benzofuran Monascus pigments (4-6), three new butylated malonyl Monascus pigments (7-9), and eleven known Monascus pigment derivatives (10-20) were isolated from highland barley Monascus for the first time.

Structurally diverse biflavonoids from the fruits of Citrus medica L. var. sarcodactylis Swingle and their hypolipidemic and immunosuppressive activities.

The fruit of Citrus medica L. var. sarcodactylis Swingle is not only used as a traditional medicinal plant, but also served as a delicious food.

Flavonolignan 2, 3-dehydroderivatives from and their anti inflammatory activities.

Flavonolignans, for example, silymarin and silybin, have interesting biological activities. For the first time, three new flavonolignans named oenanthenoid A-C (-) and nine known flavonolignan derivatives (-) were isolated from . Comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis and references were used to identify all of the compounds.

[Studies on phenylpropanoids from Eleocharis dulcis and their hepatoprotective activities].

To study phenylpropanoids from Eleocharis dulcis and their hepatoprotective activities. The compounds were separated and purified from ethyl acetate part by conventional column chromatography and preparative liquid chromatography, and their structures were identified by various spectral techniques. The HL-7702 cells damage model of hepatocytes induced by APAP was used to screen and evaluate the hepatoprotective activities of these compounds.

Isolation and characterization of neolignan derivatives with hepatoprotective and neuroprotective activities from the fruits of Citrus medica L. var. Sarcodactylis Swingle.

The fruit of Citrus medica L. var. sarcodactylis Swingle is a functional food with rich nutrients and medicinal values because of its content of bioactive compounds.

Structurally diverse coumarin-homoisoflavonoid derivatives with hepatoprotective activities from the fruits of Cucumis bisexualis.

Cucumis bisexualis is a favorite wild fruit with high nutritional and medicinal values because of its bioactive constituents. Four previously undescribed coumarin-homoisoflavonoid derivatives (1-4), together with seven known coumarin and homoisoflavonoid derivatives (5-11) were isolated from the fruits of C. bisexualis for the first time.

Tropolone derivatives with hepatoprotective and antiproliferative activities from the aerial parts of Chenopodium album Linn.

Chenopodium album Linn is used as the traditional Chinese medicine for treating cough, anorexia, piles, dysentery, diarrhea, and kills small worms in China. Nine new tropolones (1-9), and fourteen known tropolone derivatives (10-23) were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis and references from C. album Linn for the first time.

Bioactivity-guided isolation of aurone derivatives with hepatoprotective activities from the fruits of Cucumis bisexualis.

Bioactivity-guided phytochemical investigation of Cucumis bisexualis has led to the isolation of three new coumarin-aurone heterodimers (1-3), along with six aurone derivatives (4-9) were isolated from C. bisexualis for the first time. Their structures were determined by their extensive spectroscopic data and comparison with the values reported in the references.

Structurally Diverse Flavonolignans with Immunosuppressive and Neuroprotective Activities from the Fruits of L.

The fruit of L. has been used for centuries in Europe and Asia as a food with high nutritional and medicinal values. In this study, a bioactivity-guided phytochemical investigation of L.

Acute toxicity of Potentilla anserina L. extract in mice.

Potentilla anserina L. is not only a medicinal plant, but also a traditional cuisine. Hence, an acute toxicity study was performed to confirm its safety profile.

Identification of benzisoquinolinone derivatives with cytotoxicities from the leaves of Portulaca oleracea.

Three new benzisoquinolinones (1-3), together with seven known benzisoquinolinone derivatives (4-10), were isolated from Portulaca oleracea for the first time. The structures of the isolated compounds (1-10) had been elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic methods including ultraviolet, infrared, mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques and by comparison with data reported in the references. All isolated compounds were assayed for cytotoxicities against selected human lines in vitro by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide assay.

Biphenyl Derivatives from the Aerial Parts of Oenanthe javanica and Their COX-2 Inhibitory Activities.

Four new biphenyl derivatives (1-4), along with six known biphenyl derivatives (5-10) were isolated and elucidated by their detailed analyses of spectroscopic data and references from the aerial parts of Oenanthe javanica for the first time. Compounds (1-10) were assayed for their activities about the inhibition of COX-2 enzyme in vitro for the first time. Compounds 1, 2, 4, and 6 showed inhibitory activities against COX-2 with IC values ranging from 22.

Molecular Characterization and Bioactivity of Coumarin Derivatives from the Fruits of Cucumis bisexualis.

Cucumis bisexualis (Cucurbitaceae) is known as "mapao egg" or "muskmelon egg", which has been widely used as a wild melon in Chinese folk. Nine new coumarin derivatives (1-9), named 7-hydroxy-3-(4',6'-dihydroxy-5'-isopropyl-3″,3″-dimethyl-2 H-chromen)-6-prenyl-2 H-chro-men-2-one (1), 7-hydroxy-3-(5'-prenyl-3″,3″-dimethyl-2 H-chromen)-6-prenyl-2 H-chromen-2-one (2), 3-(6'-hydroxy-5'-prenyl-3″,3″-dimethyl-2 H-chromen)-6-prenyl-2 H-chromen-2-one (3), 3-(5'-ethyl-3″,3″-dimethyl-2 H-chromen)-6-prenyl-2 H-chromen-2-one (4), 3-(4',6'-dihydroxy-5'-dimeth-ylallyl-3″,3″-dimethyl-2 H-chromen)-6-prenyl-2 H-chromen-2-one (5), 3-[4',6'-dihydroxy-5'-(2-pro-penyl)-3″,3″-dimethyl-2 H-chromen]-14,15-dimethyl-pyrano-chromen-2-one (6), 3-(6'-dihydroxy-5'-isopropanol-3″,3″-dimethyl-2 H-chromen)-14,15-dimethyl-pyrano-chromen-2-one (7), 3-(5'-iso-pentenol-3″,3″-dimethyl-2 H-chromen)-14,15-dimethyl-pyrano-chromen-2-one (8), 3-(4',6'-dihydr-oxy-5'-prenyl-3″,3″-dimethyl-2 H-chromen)-14,15-dimethyl-pyrano-chromen-2-one (9), together with 12 known compounds (10-21), were isolated and identified by spectroscopic analysis and references from the active site (EtOAc soluble fraction) of the fruits of C. bisexualis for the first time.

Characterization of Chalcones from Medicago sativa L. and Their Hypolipidemic and Antiangiogenic Activities.

Medicago sativa L. is the most important cultivated herbage, known as "the king of forage" and "feed queen", in the world. A total of 8 new chalcones (1-8), and 12 known chalcones (9-20) were isolated from the aerial parts of M.