Third generation vs first generation EGFR-TKIs in the first line treatment for EGFR-mutated locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials.

The prevailing belief is that third-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) (TGET) outperform first-generation EGFR-TKIs (FGET) in managing advanced-stage EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, this standpoint lacks substantiation in evidence-based medicine. Therefore, this meta-analysis was conducted to compare the efficacy and adverse effects (AEs) of these two categories.

Strong, ductile, and hierarchical hetero-lamellar-structured alloys through microstructural inheritance and refinement.

The strength-ductility trade-off exists ubiquitously, especially in brittle intermetallic-containing multiple principal element alloys (MPEAs), where the intermetallic phases often induce premature failure leading to severe ductility reduction. Hierarchical heterogeneities represent a promising microstructural solution to achieve simultaneous strength-ductility enhancement. However, it remains fundamentally challenging to tailor hierarchical heterostructures using conventional methods, which often rely on costly and time-consuming processing.

FMT reduces systemic inflammatory response in severe acute pancreatitis by increasing the abundance of intestinal and fecal bacteria.

Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is one of the leading causes of hospital admissions for gastrointestinal diseases, with a rising incidence worldwide. Intestinal microbiota dysbiosis caused by SAP exacerbates systemic inflammatory response syndrome and organ dysfunction. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has emerged as a promising therapeutic option for gastrointestinal diseases.

Rh blood group caused by novel base deletion and comprehensive pedigree analysis.

Objective: The objective of this study was to rigorously investigate and elucidate the genetic mechanisms underlying the formation of the RH blood group in a specific case and to systematically analyse the RH blood group genes among the family members of the proband.

Methods: Serological methods were used to determine the RH blood group phenotype of the proband. To elucidate the underlying genetic mechanism responsible for the RH phenotype, a comprehensive approach was undertaken, including RHCE genotyping, sequencing of RHD and RHCE genes, and exon sequencing of RHAG.

Task offloading optimization in mobile edge computing based on a deep reinforcement learning algorithm using density clustering and ensemble learning.

Mobile edge computing offloads compute-intensive tasks generated on mobile wireless devices (WD) to edge servers (ES), which provides mobile users with low-latency computing services. Opportunistic computing offloading is effective to enhance computing performance in dynamic edge network environments; however, careless offloading of tasks to ESs can lead to WDs preempting network computing resources with limited bandwidth, thereby resulting in inefficient allocation of computing resources. To address these challenges, this paper proposes the density clustering and ensemble learning training-based deep reinforcement learning (DCEDRL) method for task offloading decision-making in mobile edge computing (MEC).

Trajectory Tracking Control for Robotic Manipulator Based on Soft Actor-Critic and Generative Adversarial Imitation Learning.

In this paper, a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) approach based on generative adversarial imitation learning (GAIL) and long short-term memory (LSTM) is proposed to resolve tracking control problems for robotic manipulators with saturation constraints and random disturbances, without learning the dynamic and kinematic model of the manipulator. Specifically, it limits the torque and joint angle to a certain range. Firstly, in order to cope with the instability problem during training and obtain a stability policy, soft actor-critic (SAC) and LSTM are combined.

New constitutive model and hot processing map for A100 steel based on high-temperature flow behavior.

To predict the flow behavior and identify the optimal hot processing window for A100 steel, a constitutive model and a hot processing map were established using true stress-strain data extracted from isothermal compression tests performed at temperatures ranging from 1073 to 1353 K and strain rates varying between 0.01 and 10 s. The results indicate a strong linear trend between the logarithmic stress and the reciprocal of temperature, along with a significant quadratic relationship between the logarithmic stress and logarithmic strain rate.

Study on the Effect of Temperature and Pressure Environments on the Mechanical and Electronic Properties of Titanium Carbon Nitride Ceramics.

As a high-performance cermet, TiCN possesses extensive potential for application in various fields, including coating materials, ceramic products, and electronic materials. Here, the effects of temperature and pressure on the physical properties of the TiCN cermet have been investigated by high-pressure techniques and first-principles calculations. Experimentally, the phase, microstructure, mechanical properties, and electrical conductivity of bulk TiCN ceramics were analyzed.

Sparstolonin B potentiates the antitumor activity of nanovesicle-loaded drugs by suppressing the phagocytosis of macrophages in vivo.

Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) and extruded nanovesicles (ENVs) are promising nanovesicles (NVs) for drug delivery. However, the application of these NVs is strongly hindered by their short half-life in the circulation. Macrophages (Mφs) in the liver and spleen contribute to the rapid depletion of NVs, but the underlying mechanism is unclear.

The regulatory role of BMP9 on lipopolysaccharide-induced matrix metalloproteinases in human stem cells from the apical papilla.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate changes in the expression of members of the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) family in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation and to investigate the regulatory effects of BMP9 on MMPs.

Design: The extracted human stem cells from the apical papilla (hSCAPs) were identified by flow cytometry, Alizarin Red staining, Oil Red O staining, and alkaline phosphatase staining. The appropriate LPS concentration for inducing inflammation in hSCAPs was determined using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays.

Unraveling the Metabolic Enigma: A High-Resolution LC-MS Approach to Decipher Two Triazine Herbicides Tolerance in Radish and Rice.

Our study investigated the effects of terbuthylazine (TBA) and metribuzin (MT) on rice and radish at field application concentrations. Both herbicides induced oxidative stress and severely inhibited growth in the two crops. However, the radish cultivar T-33 exhibited significantly lower stress levels compared to the sensitive cultivar S-24, suggesting its higher tolerance to TBA and MT.

Inhibitory maturation and ocular dominance plasticity in mouse visual cortex require astrocyte CB1 receptors.

Endocannabinoids, signaling through the cannabinoid CB1 receptor (CB1R), regulate several forms of neuronal plasticity. CB1Rs in the developing primary visual cortex (V1) play a key role in the maturation of inhibitory circuits. Although CB1Rs were originally thought to reside mainly on presynaptic axon terminals, several studies have highlighted an unexpected role for astrocytic CB1Rs in endocannabinoid mediated plasticity.

4D Printing Self-Sensing and Load-Carrying Smart Components.

In the past decade, 4D printing has received attention in the aerospace, automotive, robotics, and biomedical fields due to its lightweight structure and high productivity. Combining stimulus-responsive materials with 3D printing technology, which enables controllable changes in shape and mechanical properties, is a new technology for building smart bearing structures. A multilayer smart truss structural component with self-sensing function is designed, and an internal stress calibration strategy is established to better adapt to asymmetric loads.

Effect of co-inoculations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and grape endophytes on the fermentation property, organic acid, and volatile aroma compounds.

Grape endophytic fungi (EFFs) have rich secondary metabolic pathways that can synthesize bioactive substances and various enzymes, which may contribute to the improvement of wine quality. In order to investigate the effect of EFFs on fermentation characteristics and chemical components, fermentations by co-inoculations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and five EFF strains at different concentrations were performed in this study. It was found that EFFs affected the fermentation rate and are related to the genus of EFFs and inoculation amount.

Predictors of persistent symptoms in eosinophilic esophagitis after remission: fibrostenosis, eosinophilia, anxiety, and depression.

Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic inflammatory esophageal disorder, often associated with dysphagia, chest discomfort, and heartburn. There is limited information on persistent esophageal symptoms despite histologic remission (HR). We aimed to assess the prevalence and predictors of persistent esophageal symptoms in adult patients with EoE in HR.

Double-target self-supervised clustering with multi-feature fusion for medical question texts.

Background: To make the question text represent more information and construct an end-to-end text clustering model, we propose a double-target self-supervised clustering with multi-feature fusion (MF-DSC) for texts which describe questions related to the medical field. Since medical question-and-answer data are unstructured texts and characterized by short characters and irregular language use, the features extracted by a single model cannot fully characterize the text content.

Methods: Firstly, word weights were obtained based on term frequency, and word vectors were generated according to lexical semantic information.

A comprehensive study on fermentation and aroma contributions of Torulaspora delbrueckii in diverse wine varieties: Insights from pure and co-fermentation studies.

As a well-commercialized and utilized non-Saccharomyces yeast, Torulaspora delbruineckii is gaining increasing relevance in the winemaking industry. However, its ability to produce distinctive aromas in wine has been inconsistently reported in the literature. This study aimed to evaluate the fermentation performance and aroma properties of T.

Use of consensus clustering to identify distinct subtypes of chronic kidney disease and associated mortality risk.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a complex condition with diverse etiology and outcomes. Utilizing a data-driven clustering approach holds promise in identifying distinct CKD subgroups associated with specific risk profiles for death.

Methods: Unsupervised consensus clustering was utilized to classify chronic kidney disease (CKD) into subtypes based on 45 baseline characteristics in a cohort of 6,526 participants from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning the years 1999-2000 to 2017-2018.

Development of an advanced acetaldehyde detection solution based on yeast and bacterial surface display technology.

Acetaldehyde, a carcinogen widely present in various beverages and the natural environment, necessitates convenient and efficient detection methods. In this work, two different host strains were used to develop a sensitive, convenient, and efficient whole-cell optical biosensor for acetaldehyde detection. Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (AldH) was displayed on the cell surface of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and E.

Dynamic changes in dissolved oxygen concentration, microbial communities, and volatile compounds during industrial oak-barrel fermentation of Sauvignon Blanc wine.

Oak-barrel fermentation is used in white wine production to enhance aroma and flavor complexity. However, the dynamics of microbial communities and their impact on the formation of flavor compounds during barrel fermentation remain unclear. This study investigated the changes in dissolved oxygen concentrations, microbial communities, and volatile compounds during Sauvignon Blanc wine fermentation in various oak barrels (new and two-year-old Francois Freres and new Taransaud) and stainless-steel tanks.

Point spread function engineering enable resolution enhanced imaging for Interferenceless coded aperture correlation holography.

The point spread function (PSF) of an optical system could characterize the resolving ability of the whole optical system for point light sources. Therefore, the imaging performance of the system could be significantly improved by regulating and optimizing the PSF. In this paper, we innovatively propose a single-exposure hologram resolution enhanced cross-correlation (RECC) method for Interferenceless coded aperture holography(I-COACH) system, circumventing the necessity to obtain the point spread hologram (PSH) of an ideal point object.

Metabolic rewiring controlled by HIF-1α tunes IgA-producing B-cell differentiation and intestinal inflammation.

Germinal centers where B cells undergo clonal expansion and antibody affinity maturation are hypoxic microenvironments. However, the function of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α in immunoglobulin production remains incompletely characterized. Here, we demonstrated that B cells lacking HIF-1α exhibited significantly lower glycolytic metabolism and impaired IgA production.

The transcription factor PPARA mediates SIRT1 regulation of NCOR1 to protect damaged heart cells.

Background: Heart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome with a high risk. Our previous research showed a regulatory relationship between Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARA) and nuclear receptor co-repressor 1 (NCOR1). This study aimed to investigate the regulatory mechanism of SIRT1/PPARA/NCOR1 axis in HF.