Long noncoding RNA UCA1 promotes tumour metastasis by inducing GRK2 degradation in gastric cancer.

Increasing evidence demonstrates that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate gene and protein expression by exerting an influence on transcriptional and post-transcriptional processes. Here, we report that the lncRNA UCA1 increases the metastatic ability of gastric cancer (GC) cells by regulating GRK2 protein stability by promoting Cbl-c-mediated GRK2 ubiquitination and degradation. This process then activates the ERK-MMP9 signalling pathway.

TET1 inhibits gastric cancer growth and metastasis by PTEN demethylation and re-expression.

Ten-Eleven Translocation 1 (TET1) is a member of ten eleven translocation enzymes, which convert 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC). TET1 can promote CpG islands demethylation in specific genes and often absent in various cancers. Herein, we found that TET1 expression and 5-hmC content were low in gastric tumors compared to its adjacent non-tumor tissues.

Clinicopathological correlation of keratinocyte growth factor and matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in human gastric cancer.

Aims And Background: Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) is reported to be implicated in the growth of some cancer cells. Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) is thought to enhance the tumor invasion and metastasis ability. This study was aimed at analyzing the relationship between KGF and MMP-9 expression and patients' clinicopathological characteristics to clarify the clinical significance of the expression of KGF and MMP-9 in gastric cancer.

Androgen receptor promotes gastric cancer cell migration and invasion via AKT-phosphorylation dependent upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase 9.

Androgen receptor (AR) plays an important role in many kinds of cancers. However, the molecular mechanisms of AR in gastric cancer (GC) are poorly characterized. Here, we investigated the role of AR in GC cell migration, invasion and metastatic potential.

Metallopanstimulin-1 regulates invasion and migration of gastric cancer cells partially through integrin β4.

MPS-1 (metallopanstimulin-1), also known as ribosomal protein S27, was overexpressed in gastric cancer cells. However, how MPS-1 contributes to gastric carcinogenesis has not been well characterized. Here, we show that high expression of MPS-1 was observed in gastric cancer tissues and associated with gastric cancer cell metastasis.

Upregulated expression of LOX is a novel independent prognostic marker of worse outcome in gastric cancer patients after curative surgery.

Lysyl oxidase (LOX) initiates the enzymatic stage of collagen and elastin cross-linking. It also has intracellular functions involved in the regulation of cell differentiation, motility/migration and gene transcription. Aberrant expression of the LOX gene has been reported in multiple tumors.

RhoGDI2 confers resistance to 5-fluorouracil in human gastric cancer cells.

Resistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in patients with gastric cancer is a serious therapeutic problem and major efforts are underway to understand the underlying mechanisms. We have previously identified RhoGDI2 as a contributor to 5-FU resistance in colon cancer cells using 2D electrophoresis and mass spectrometry and the current study aimed to further investigate this role. The expression of RhoGDI2 in seven gastric cancer cell lines was positively correlated with resistance to 5-FU.

microrna expression signature of gastric cancer cells relative to normal gastric mucosa.

micrornas (miRNAs) play an important role in a wide range of physiological and developmental processes by negatively regulating the expression of target genes at the post-transcriptional level. In this study, we investigated the differential miRNA expression signature between gastric cancer cells and normal gastric mucosa to determine changes in miRNA expression during gastric cancer development. We analyzed the global miRNA expression profiles of 9 gastric cancer cell lines and 6 normal gastric mucosa lines using miRNA microarrays.

Salinomycin can effectively kill ALDH(high) stem-like cells on gastric cancer.

Salinomycin is a novel identified cancer stem cells (CSCs) killer. Higher ALDH activity represents CSCs characterization. Here, we screened ALDH activities on several gastric cancer cell lines and divided them into ALDH(high) and ALDH(low) gastric cancer groups.

Knockdown of metallopanstimulin-1 inhibits NF-κB signaling at different levels: the role of apoptosis induction of gastric cancer cells.

The ribosomal protein S27 (metallopanstimulin-1, MPS-1) has been reported to be a multifunctional protein, with increased expression in a number of cancers. We reported previously that MPS-1 was highly expressed in human gastric cancer. Knockdown of MPS-1 led to spontaneous apoptosis and repressed proliferation of human gastric cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.

Cell cycle dependent genes from the gastric cancer cell MKN45 can affect tumorigenesis.

Background/aims: To investigate the cell cycle dependent genes involved in gastric tumorigenesis, possibly determining the relationship between the cell cycle and tumorigenesis.

Methodology: MKN45 cells were collected every hour from Oh to 12h after release from G2/M and G1/S blocks. Nine samples (a-i), chosen at key times of the cell cycle, were prepared for RNA isolation and cDNA microarray analysis.

Helicobacter pylori induces promoter hypermethylation and downregulates gene expression of IRX1 transcription factor on human gastric mucosa.

Background And Aim: Gene silence of IRX1 tumor suppressor by promoter CpG methylation combined with loss of heterozygosity (LOH) has been identified in human gastric cancer. This study investigated the association between methylation of IRX1 and Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric mucosa tissues and cell line.

Methods: IRX1 methylation was studied by methylation specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) and bisulfate sequencing polymerase chain reaction (BSP) methods in gastric mucosa tissues from H.

Silencing invariant chains of dendritic cells enhances anti-tumor immunity using small-interfering RNA.

Background: Genetic modification of dendritic cells (DCs) has been used as an effective approach to enhance anti-tumor immunity. RNA interference (RNAi), which can cause the degradation of any RNA in a sequence-specific manner, is a post-transcriptional gene silencing mechanism. In this study, small-interfering RNA (siRNA) specific for the Ii gene was transfected into DCs, and the anti-tumor immunity of Ii-silenced DCs was assessed.

[Preparation of PHF10 antibody and analysis of PHF10 expression gastric cancer tissues].

Aim: To prepare PHF10 antibody and check the expression of PHF10 protein in the tissues of gastric cancer and adjacent tissue.

Methods: His-tagged PHF10 was expressed in E.coli BL21.

Comparative proteomics analysis of human gastric cancer.

Aim: To isolate and identify differentially expressed proteins between cancer and normal tissues of gastric cancer by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS).

Methods: Soluble fraction proteins of gastric cancer tissues and paired normal tissues were separated by 2-DE. The differentially expressed proteins were selected and identified by MALDI-TOF-MS and database search.

Inhibition of the proliferation of human gastric cancer cells SGC-7901 in vitro and in vivo using Bcl-2 siRNA.

Background: Bcl-2, the anti-apoptotic protein is overexpressed in the majority of gastric cancers and associated with its pathogenesis. To better understanding of the role of Bcl-2, RNA interference (RNAi) was used to inhibit Bcl-2 expression in the human gastric cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.

Methods: Bcl-2 small interfering RNA (siRNA) was transfected into human gastric cancer cells SGC-7901, and Bcl-2 expression was monitored by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot.

Targeting hepatitis B virus antigens to dendritic cells by heat shock protein to improve DNA vaccine potency.

Aim: To investigate a novel DNA vaccination based upon expression of the HBV e antigen fused to a heat shock protein (HSP) as a strategy to enhance DNA vaccine potency.

Methods: A pCMV-HBeAg-HSP DNA vaccine and a control DNA vaccine were generated. Mice were immunized with these different construct.

Over-expression of FRZB in gastric cancer cell suppresses proliferation and induces differentiation.

Purpose: Frizzled motif associated with bone development (FRZB) was a member of secreted frizzled related proteins (sFRPs) family. Previous evidences showed that FRZB played role in embryogenesis and diseases such as osteoarthritis and prostate cancer. The purpose of our study is to clarify the role of FRZB in gastric cancer cell proliferation and differentiation.

Silencing invariant chain of DCs enhances Th1 response using small interfering RNA.

RNA interference (RNAi), which causes the degradation of any RNA in a sequence specific manner, is a posttranscriptional gene silencing mechanism. Targeting the invariant chain (Ii) in DCs has been used as an approach to enhance antitumor immunity. It is demonstrated in this article that transfection of H-2(K) DCs with siRNA specific for Ii gene can significantly knock down Ii.

[Expression of Ezrin in gastric carcinoma and its significance].

Objective: To investigate the expression of Ezrin in gastric cancer, its role in tumor metastasis.

Methods: Ezrin expression in tumor tissues from 90 gastric cancer cases and in normal gastric mucosa from 12 cases with benign disease was examined by immunohistochemical staining. Ezrin expression in gastric cancer cell lines was also detected by Western blot, and in vitro invasion assay was used to examine the invasive ability of the cell lines.

In vitro and in vivo evidence of metallopanstimulin-1 in gastric cancer progression and tumorigenicity.

Purpose: The metallopanstimulin-1 (MPS-1) gene is a growth factor-inducible gene, which is highly expressed in many human cancers and may be involved in the progression towards tumor malignancy. However, it is unclear whether MPS-1 plays any role in gastric cancer development or progression. Our studies were designed to clarify the MPS-1 expression pattern and to explore its potential role in gastric cancer.

[Identification of biomarkers in the serum of the patients with poorly differentiated gastric cancer].

Objective: To investigate the application of proteomics in the field of serology,and to screen the differential expression proteins related with poorly differentiated gastric carcinoma.

Methods: Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) was applied to segregate the total proteins in the serum form gastric cancer patients and health volunteers. After staining,the differential expression proteins were analyzed using PDQuest software,and identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS).

[Immunotherapeutic efficacy of both helper T lymphocytes and cytotoxic T lymphocytes epitopes augmented dendritic cells tumor vaccine on gastric cancer].

Objective: To investigate the immunotherapy efficacy of both helper T lymphocytes (Th) and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) epitopes augmented dendritic cells (DCs) tumor vaccine on gastric cancer.

Methods: Naïve spleen T cells were stimulated by mixed peptides (a mixture of Th epitope MAGE-3 (22-36)) primed DCs per week in vitro. After 4 cycles of restimulation, peptide specific T cells were harvested and subgroups of which were determined with flow cytometry.

[Fusion expression of gastric cancer-related gene MPS-1 and preparation of rabbit antibody against GST-MPS-1].

Aim: To express the fusion protein GST-MPS-1 in E.coli and prepare rabbit antibody against GST-MPS-1.

Methods: MPS-1 cDNA was inserted into the vector of pGEX-5X.

[Expression and clinical significance of cancer-related gene MPS-1 in gastric cancer].

Objective: To investigate the expression of cancer-related gene MPS-1 in gastric cancer and to evaluate its significance in clinical diagnosis and therapy.

Methods: The mRNA expression of MPS-1 was determined by polymerase chain reaction after reverse transcription (RT-PCR) in cancer tissues and adjacent non-cancerous tissues from 42 cases with gastric cancer. The expression levels of MPS-1 in 6 gastric cancer cell lines (AGS, MKN-45, SGC 7901, KATO III, N-87 and SNU-1) were also determined by RT-PCR and Western blot.