Front Artif Intell
January 2025
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has long utilized tongue diagnosis as a crucial method for assessing internal visceral condition. This study aims to modernize this ancient practice by developing an automated system for analyzing tongue images in relation to the five organs, corresponding to the heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney-collectively known as the "five viscera" in TCM. We propose a novel tongue image partitioning algorithm that divides the tongue into four regions associated with these specific organs, according to TCM principles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To evaluate the acceptability of self-administered acupressure for Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) among middle-aged and older adults.
Methods: This is a mixed-method acceptability evaluation was embedded in a randomized controlled trial on self-administered acupressure for KOA. Participants received two 2-hour training sessions on self-administered acupressure and were instructed to practice twice daily for 12 weeks.
Background And Objectives: Accurate classification of lymphadenopathy is essential for determining the pathological nature of lymph nodes (LNs), which plays a crucial role in treatment selection. The biopsy method is invasive and carries the risk of sampling failure, while the utilization of non-invasive approaches such as ultrasound can minimize the probability of iatrogenic injury and infection. With the advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, the diagnostic efficiency of LNs is further enhanced.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Effective management of physical and psychological symptoms is a critical component of comprehensive care for both chronic disease patients and apparently healthy individuals experiencing episodic symptoms. Conversational agents, which are dialog systems capable of understanding and generating human language, have emerged as a potential tool to enhance symptom management through interactive support.
Objective: To examine the characteristics and effectiveness of conversational agent-delivered interventions reported in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in the management of both physical and psychological symptoms.
Background: Gastrointestinal ultrasound (GIUS) is recommended for monitoring Crohn's disease (CD). GIUS scores are used to quantify CD activity. Among them, IBUS-SAS (International Bowel Ultrasound Segmental Activity Score), BUSS (Bowel Ultrasound Score), Simple-US (Simple Ultrasound Score), and SUS-CD (Simple Ultrasound Score for Crohn's Disease) are most commonly used.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Previous studies have demonstrated that PNI can predict the prognosis of gastric cancer (GC) patients. However, few studies have focused on the auxiliary role of miRNA in predicting the prognosis of GC.
Objective: This research seeks to clarify the role of the combined use of miR-132-3p and PNI in predicting the prognosis of GC patients.
Background And Aims: Post-stroke dysphagia is highly prevalent and causes complication. While video games have demonstrated potential to increase patient engagement in rehabilitation, their efficacy in stroke patients with dysphagia remains unclear. This aim of this study was to explore the effectiveness of the artificial intelligence-based video-game (AI-VG) intervention in improving swallowing function among stroke patients with dysphagia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe anti-PD-1 mAb may be further considered along with PGD2 or active molecules that can promote PGD2 synthesis to enhance the anti-tumor immune response.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Brain metastases are a common complication in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) lacking actionable driver mutations, with limited treatment options and poor prognosis. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of brain radiotherapy combined with camrelizumab and platinum-doublet chemotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed advanced NSCLC and brain metastases.
Methods: This multicentre, single-arm, phase 2 trial was done across nine tertiary hospitals in China.
Acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an inflammatory response arising from lung and systemic injury with diverse causes and associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. To date, no fully effective pharmacological therapies have been established and the relevant underlying mechanisms warrant elucidation, which may be facilitated by multi‑omics technology. The present review summarizes the application of multi‑omics technology in identifying novel diagnostic markers and therapeutic strategies of ALI/ARDS as well as its pathogenesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis work aims to address key issues in the ballistic performance of ceramic-based composite armor, particularly at the joints of spliced bulletproof panels. The edge structure of C/C-SiC ceramic plates and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is redesigned to superimpose the joint areas. These structurally optimized composite pads are examined by numerical simulation of impact dynamics to understand their anti-penetration performance whose accuracy is then validated by live fire tests.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) holds potential application in smart windows, owing to its feasibility in regulating the transmittance of specific wavelength bands to improve energy utilization. Herein, a composite PDLC smart window is designed, which showcases high emissivity of 93.79% in the mid-infrared region and features the regulation of ultraviolet (UV), visible, and near-infrared (NIR) light.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe interactions between transcription factors (TFs) and the target genes could provide a basis for constructing gene regulatory networks (GRNs) for mechanistic understanding of various biological complex processes. From gene expression data, particularly single-cell transcriptomic data containing rich cell-to-cell variations, it is highly desirable to infer TF-gene interactions (TGIs) using deep learning technologies. Numerous models or software including deep learning-based algorithms have been designed to identify transcriptional regulatory relationships between TFs and the downstream genes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Bioanal Chem
December 2024
The issue of food safety poses a significant threat to human health. The colorimetric sensing method offers a highly sensitive response, visualization, and easy operation, making it highly promising for applications in the field of bioanalysis. FeO nanomaterials not only possess the advantages of a straightforward preparation method, customizable functionalities, and facile surface modification, but also exhibit excellent peroxidase activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMotivation: Peptides and their derivatives hold potential as therapeutic agents. The rising interest in developing peptide drugs is evidenced by increasing approval rates by the FDA of USA. To identify the most potential peptides, study on peptide-protein interactions (PepPIs) presents a very important approach but poses considerable technical challenges.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Post-stroke dysphagia can lead to serious complications and appropriate rehabilitation can significantly improve swallowing function. However, the best rehabilitation method for post-stroke dysphagia patients is not clear at the present stage, so it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive network meta-analysis and systematic review of different interventions for dysphagia.
Objective: To compare the effectiveness and ranking of different interventions for improving swallowing function, and feeding and daily function in patients with post-stroke dysphagia.
Background: Recently, many studies have explored fusing features extracted from Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and transformers to integrate multi-scale representations for better performance in medical image segmentation tasks. Although these hybrid models have achieved better results than previous CNN-based and transformer-based methods, they suffer from high computation and space complexities.
Purpose: The purpose of this research is to address the prohibitive computation and space complexities of hybrid models, which limit their application in clinical practice where computational resources are usually constrained.
Automatic and accurate classification of breast cancer in multimodal ultrasound images is crucial to improve patients' diagnosis and treatment effect and save medical resources. Methodologically, the fusion of multimodal ultrasound images often encounters challenges such as misalignment, limited utilization of complementary information, poor interpretability in feature fusion, and imbalances in sample categories. To solve these problems, we propose a feature alignment mutual attention fusion method (FAMF-Net), which consists of a region awareness alignment (RAA) block, a mutual attention fusion (MAF) block, and a reinforcement learning-based dynamic optimization strategy(RDO).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To explore the feasibility and effectiveness of face recognition-driven video game (FR-VG) swallowing training for stroke patients with dysphagia.
Design: A single-blind pilot randomized controlled trial.
Setting: A rehabilitation center.
Objective: Dysphagia is highly prevalent worldwide, causing serious complications. Video-game based rehabilitation training can increase dysphagia patient motivation and adherence. However, the acceptance of video game systems by patients and healthcare providers is still not fully explored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPopulation-based cancer registry databases are critical resources to bridge the information gap that results from a lack of sufficient statistical power from primary cohort data with small to moderate sample size. Although comprehensive data associated with tumor biomarkers often remain either unavailable or inconsistently measured in these registry databases, aggregate survival information sourced from these repositories has been well documented and publicly accessible. An appealing option is to integrate the aggregate survival information from the registry data with the primary cohort to enhance the evaluation of treatment impacts or prediction of survival outcomes across distinct tumor subtypes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) usually begins in childhood and is often accompanied by impairments in social functioning. Virtual reality (VR) has emerged as an adjunctive tool to embed in social skills training to enhance the social skills of children with ADHD, but its effectiveness requires further investigation.
Objective: This study aims to enhance the social skills of children with ADHD by examining the feasibility and effectiveness of VR-based training in comparison to traditional social skills training.
Vis Comput Ind Biomed Art
October 2024
Three-dimensional (3D) fetal ultrasound has been widely used in prenatal examinations. Realistic and real-time volumetric ultrasound volume rendering can enhance the effectiveness of diagnoses and assist obstetricians and pregnant mothers in communicating. However, this remains a challenging task because (1) there is a large amount of speckle noise in ultrasound images and (2) ultrasound images usually have low contrasts, making it difficult to distinguish different tissues and organs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStarvation disturbance was a common problem in biological sewage treatment processes. However, understanding about the responses and resilience of different active anammox biomass in autotrophic and heterotrophic systems to long-term nutrient starvation remains limited. This study compared responses and potential recovery mechanisms of autotrophic single-Anammox and heterotrophic synergistic partial-denitrification/anammox (PD/anammox) systems to prolonged starvation (31-40 days).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpidermal growth factor receptor () exon 20 insertion (ex20ins) mutations are the third most frequent mutation type, following only exon 19 deletions and exon 21 L858R point mutations. ex20ins mutations are found in approximately 4%-12% of all -positive non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). Unlike classical mutations, ex20ins mutations display remarkable subtype diversity and heterogeneity.
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